Tilmacoxib

Inhibitory activity and the mechanism of action of Tilmacoxib (JTE-522), a novel selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, on human COX-1 and COX-2 are investigated and compared with those of reference compounds. In an enzyme assay, Tilmacoxib inhibits yeast-expressed human recombinant COX-2 with an IC₅₀ of 0.085 μM. In contrast, Tilmacoxib does not inhibit human COX-1 prepared from human platelets at concentrations up to 100 μM. In a cell-based assay, Tilmacoxib diminishes lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E2 production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (COX-2) (IC₅₀=15.1 nM). On the other hand, Tilmacoxib is less potent at inhibiting calcium ionophore-induced thromboxane B2 production in washed human platelets (COX-1) (IC₅₀=6.21 μM). Tilmacoxib shows highly selective inhibition of human COX-2, and its activity is more selective than that of other COX-2 inhibitors (NS-398 and SC-58635). Human recombinant COX-2 activity is attenuated by Tilmacoxib in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner^[1]. Inhibition of proliferation of gastric epithelial cells by a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, Tilmacoxib (JTE522), is also mediated by a PGE₂-independent pathway Combination of Tilmacoxib and Arachidonic acid results in a marked retardation of wound healing compared to the control, but Tilmacoxib does not completely suppress the increase in cellular PGE₂ content following the addition of arachidonate^[2].

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