Post-translational modifications in secreted peptide hormones in plants

More than a dozen secreted Peptides are now recognized as important Hormones that coordinate and specify cellular functions in Plants. Recent evidence has shown that secreted peptide Hormones often undergo post-translational modification and proteolytic processing, which are critical for their function. Such 'small post-translationally modified peptide hormones' constitute one of the largest groups of peptide Hormones in Plants. This short review highlights recent progress in research on post-translationally modified peptide Hormones, with particular emphasis on their structural characteristics and modification mechanisms.