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Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) are a crucial class of protein molecules expressed in cells of the innate immune system. The core function of Pattern Recognition Receptors is to recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). Upon recognizing and binding to PAMPs or DAMPs, PRRs rapidly initiate intracellular signaling pathways (such as the NF-κB, IRF, and inflammasome pathways). This triggers the production of inflammatory factors, chemokines, and type I interferons, thereby initiating inflammatory responses to eliminate pathogens or repair damage. PRRs represent the body's first line of defense against infection, and the rapidity and broad specificity of their response are crucial for host survival. However, aberrant activation of PRR signaling is also a cause of many chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, precisely regulating PRR activity has become a key therapeutic strategy for these conditions.

MCE has cataloged 338 inhibitors targeting key PRRs, such as NLRs, TLRs, C-type Lectin Receptors (CLRs), and cGAS, to support drug discovery efforts for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Cosmetics are complex mixtures formulated through the rational blending and processing of various natural, synthetic, or extracted raw materials. The ingredients used in cosmetics are diverse in type and functionality. Based on their properties and applications, cosmetic ingredients can generally be classified into two main categories: base materials and auxiliary ingredients. The former constitutes the primary component of cosmetics, accounting for a significant proportion in formulations and serving as the key functional substances. Auxiliary ingredients, on the other hand, play roles in shaping the product, ensuring stability, or imparting color, fragrance, and other specific characteristics.Establishing a systematic ingredient database is of great significance for cosmetic research and development. By analyzing the physicochemical properties (such as oil-water partition coefficients and molecular weight distribution), biological activity mechanisms (such as antioxidant pathways and cellular signaling regulation), and compatibility of ingredients, the database can provide precise guidance for formulation design. This approach helps shorten the development cycle of cosmetic/skincare products and reduces trial-and-error costs.

MCE offers 626 types of cosmetic ingredient compounds, including antioxidants, humectants, emulsifiers, film-forming agents, and more.

The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is central to signaling by cytokine receptors, a superfamily of more than 30 transmembrane proteins that recognize specific cytokines, and is critical in blood formation and immune response. Canonical JAK/STAT signaling begins with the association of cytokines and their corresponding transmembrane receptors. Activated JAKs then phosphorylate latent STAT monomers, leading to dimerization, nuclear translocation, and DNA binding. In mammals, there are four JAKs (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, TYK2) and seven STATs (STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5a, STAT5b, STAT6). Since the JAK/STAT pathway plays a major role in many fundamental processes, such as apoptosis and inflammation, dysfunctional proteins in the pathway may lead to a number of diseases. For example, alterations in JAK/STAT signalling can result in cancer and diseases affecting the immune system, such as severe combined immunodeficiency disorder (SCID).

MCE provides 738 compounds that can be used in the study of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and related diseases.

Viruses are much simpler organisms than bacteria, and they are made from protein substances and nucleic acid. Despite the fact that the exact mechanism of infection is extremely specific to each type of virus, the general scheme of infection can be represented in the following manner: A virus is absorbed at the surface of a host cell and then permeates through the membrane, where it releases nucleic acid from its protein protection. Then the viral nucleic acid begins to replicate, and transcription of the viral genome takes place either in the cytoplasm, or in the nucleus of the host cell. As a result of these events, a large amount of viral nucleic acid and protein are made to make new generations of virions. Therefore, one mechanism of action of antiviral drugs is to interfere with the ability of a virus to get into a target cell. A second mechanism of action is to target the processes that synthesize virus components after a virus invades a cell, such as nucleotide or nucleoside analogs.

MCE designs a unique collection of 1,237 anti-virus compounds that target several viruses, including SARS-CoV, HBV, HCV, HIV, HSV and Influenza Virus. It’s an effective tool for anti-virus drug discovery.