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GPR109 receptor

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	GPR109A (10) Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (2) Endogenous Metabolite (5) mAChR (1) nAChR (1) Reference Standards (3)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (5) Cardiovascular Disease (4) Infection (2) Inflammation/Immunology (2) Metabolic Disease (7)

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Targets Recommended: GPR39 G2A (GPR132) EBI2/GPR183 GPR84 Kisspeptin Receptor Succinate Receptor 1 GPR55 GPR88 GPR171 GPR35 GPR119 GPR4 GPR139 GPR6 GPR65 GPR52 GPR68 GPR109A MCHR1 (GPR24) CX3CR1 Neuropeptide S Receptor

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-17585

Mepenzolate bromide 5+ Cited Publications	mAChR GPR109A	Others Inflammation/Immunology
Mepenzolate bromide is an orally administered muscarinic receptor antagonist with K_is of 0.68 and 2.6 nM for hM2R and hM3R, respectively. Mepenzolate bromide can be used to suppress the gastrointestinal hypermotility associated with irritable bowel syndrome .Mepenzolate bromide is a *GPR109A* inhibitor .

HY-107580

GPR109 receptor agonist-1	GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
GPR109 receptor agonist-1 is a highly selective agonist of the human orphan G protein-coupled receptor *GPR109b, and does not activate the mouse homologous receptor* PUMA-G. GPR109 receptor agonist-1 functionally modulates the human *GPR109b* receptor via the cAMP signaling pathway, with an EC₅₀ of 400 nM. GPR109 receptor agonist-1 inhibits isoproterenol (HY-B0468)-stimulated lipolysis in human subcutaneous adipocytes, with efficacy comparable to that of Niacin (HY-B0143), and does not act on β-adrenergic receptors. GPR109 receptor agonist-1 can be used in studies related to dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis .

HY-W014502

D-Kynurenine	Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor* (AHR)** .

HY-Y0079

D-Phenylalanine	Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
D-Phenylalanine is an atypical D-amino acid and an inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine mainly replaces D-alanine (D-Ala) by incorporating into the fourth and fifth positions of bacterial peptidoglycan (PG), changing the cell wall structure, enhancing bacterial acid resistance and affecting biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine may promote the secretion of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in mammals by activating the intestinal GPR109B receptor. D-Phenylalanine can inhibit the maturation of microbial biofilms and promote the release of specific hormones. It can be used for antibacterial preservation, improving the yield of probiotics in the food industry, and studying appetite regulation and blood sugar control in metabolic diseases such as diabetes .

HY-10680

MK-6892 Maximum Cited Publications 7 Publications Verification	GPR109A	Cancer
MK-6892 is a potent, selective, and full agonist for the high affinity nicotinic acid (NA) receptor *GPR109A. K_i* and GTPγS EC₅₀ of MK-6892 on the Human GPR109A is 4 nM and 16 nM, respectively.

HY-176817

GPR109 receptor agonist-3	GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
GPR109 receptor agonist-3 is an orally active **GPR109 receptor agonist, with an IC₅₀** of 310 nM. GPR109 receptor agonist-3 retains the antioxidation and cytoprotection of Lipoic acid (HY-18733). GPR109 receptor agonist-3 reduces total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in high-fat diet-fed rats. GPR109 receptor agonist-3 can be used for the study of atherosclerosis .

HY-119222

GSK256073 2 Publications Verification	GPR109A	Metabolic Disease
GSK256073 is a potent, selective and orally active *GPR109A* agonist and a long-lasting and non-flushing HCA2 full agonist with a pEC₅₀ of 7.5 (human HCA2). GSK256073 acutely improves glucose homeostasis via inhibition of lipolysis and has the potential for the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and dyslipidemia . GPR109A: G-protein coupled receptor 109A; HCA2: hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

HY-13008

MK-0354 1 Publications Verification	GPR109A	Cancer
MK-0354 is a specific *GPR109a* receptor agonist with EC₅₀ values of 1.65 μM and 1.08 μM for hGPR109a and mGPR109a, respectively. MK-0354 can be used in liver cancer research .

HY-W095200

GPR109 receptor agonist-2	GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease
GPR109 receptor agonist-2 (Compound 5) is a selective *GPR109a* agonist with a pEC₅₀ of 5.53 .

HY-107579

Acifran AY 25712	GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease
Acifran (AY 25712), an antihyperlipidemic agent, is an orally active agonist of GPR109A (HM74A) and GPR109B, the high and low affinity receptors for Niacin .

HY-111143

SCH-900271 1 Publications Verification	nAChR	Metabolic Disease
SCH-900271 is an orally active, potent nicotinic acid receptor (NAR) agonist with an EC₅₀ of 2 nM in the hu-GPR109a assay. SCH-900271 exhibits dose-dependent inhibition of plasma free fatty acid (FFA) .

HY-W014502R

D-Kynurenine (Standard)	Reference Standards Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
D-Kynurenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Kynurenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor* (AHR)** .

HY-119222A

GSK256073 tris	GPR109A	Metabolic Disease
GSK256073 tris is a potent, selective and orally active *GPR109A* agonist and a long-lasting and non-flushing HCA2 full agonist with a pEC₅₀ of 7.5 (human HCA2). GSK256073 tris acutely improves glucose homeostasis via inhibition of lipolysis and has the potential for the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and dyslipidemia . GPR109A: G-protein coupled receptor 109A; HCA2: hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2

HY-113058R

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards	Infection Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid (HY-113058). 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet.

HY-10680R

MK-6892 (Standard)	Reference Standards GPR109A	Cancer
MK-6892 (Standard) is the analytical standard of MK-6892 (HY-10680). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. MK-6892 is a potent, selective, and full agonist for the high affinity nicotinic acid (NA) receptor GPR109A. K_i and GTPγS EC₅₀ of MK-6892 on the Human GPR109A is 4 nM and 16 nM, respectively.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Biochemical Assay Reagents
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid

Biochemical Assay Reagents

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-W014502

D-Kynurenine	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor* (AHR)** .

HY-Y0079

D-Phenylalanine	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
D-Phenylalanine is an atypical D-amino acid and an inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine mainly replaces D-alanine (D-Ala) by incorporating into the fourth and fifth positions of bacterial peptidoglycan (PG), changing the cell wall structure, enhancing bacterial acid resistance and affecting biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine may promote the secretion of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in mammals by activating the intestinal GPR109B receptor. D-Phenylalanine can inhibit the maturation of microbial biofilms and promote the release of specific hormones. It can be used for antibacterial preservation, improving the yield of probiotics in the food industry, and studying appetite regulation and blood sugar control in metabolic diseases such as diabetes .

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Microorganisms Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

HY-107579

Acifran AY 25712	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	GPR109A
Acifran (AY 25712), an antihyperlipidemic agent, is an orally active agonist of GPR109A (HM74A) and GPR109B, the high and low affinity receptors for Niacin .

HY-W014502R

D-Kynurenine (Standard)	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
D-Kynurenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Kynurenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor* (AHR)** .

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GPR109 receptor

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