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Results for "

cerebral cortex

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	5-HT Receptor (7) Adenylate Cyclase (1) Adrenergic Receptor (6) Amino Acid Derivatives (1) Amyloid-β (1) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) (1) Apoptosis (4) ATP Synthase (2) Bacterial (1) Calcium Channel (4) Cathepsin (1) Cholecystokinin Receptor (3) Cholinesterase (ChE) (10) Dopamine Receptor (2) Dopamine Transporter (1) Drug Intermediate (1) Endogenous Metabolite (7) Fungal (1) GABA Receptor (9) Glycine Receptor (GlyR) (1) Histamine Receptor (3) Histone Methyltransferase (1) iGluR (2) IKK (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (3) LPL Receptor (1) mAChR (10) mGluR (1) Monoamine Transporter (1) mRNA (1) Na+/K+ ATPase (2) Neurokinin Receptor (1) NF-κB (2) NO Synthase (7) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (1) Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) (1) Phosphatase (1) Phosphodiesterase (PDE) (1) PKC (1) Potassium Channel (2) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (4) Reference Standards (10) Sirtuin (1) Sodium Channel (1) Thyroid Hormone Receptor (2) TMV (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (5) Cardiovascular Disease (14) Endocrinology (2) Infection (4) Inflammation/Immunology (14) Metabolic Disease (11) Neurological Disease (61)
Oligonucleotides:	mRNA (1)

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Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-18731

1400W Dihydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 28 Publications Verification	NO Synthase Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
1400W dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride form of 1400W (HY-18730). 1400W is a slow, tight binding, and highly selective inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, with a K_d value ≤ 7 nM. 1400W inhibits iNOS induction in microglial cells, and reduces generation of NO, thereby mitigating oxidative stress and neuronal cell apoptosis in the rat cerebral cortex, and improving the spatial memory dysfunction caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia-reoxygenation .

HY-B1715

Oxiracetam 1 Publications Verification ISF2522	GABA Receptor NO Synthase	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Oxiracetam (ISF2522) is an orally active and a BBB-penetrable cyclic derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Oxiracetam reaches the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in high concentrations. Oxiracetam can promote cognitive function and regulate inflammatory response, with powerful neuroprotective effects. Oxiracetam can be used in the study of central nervous system diseases .

HY-113149A

Argininosuccinic acid disodium	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Argininosuccinic acid disodium is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-113126

3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid	Endogenous Metabolite ATP Synthase	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is an intermediate in the metabolic pathways of L-valine and thymine, and can be found in urine. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is a secreted mediator of endothelial cell fatty acid transport and insulin resistance. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid can also inhibit key enzymes of energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex of young rats. The levels of 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid are closely related to various diseases such as 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, diabetes, and ketoacidosis .

HY-B1277

Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride 3 Publications Verification	mAChR Cholinesterase (ChE)	Neurological Disease
Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride is a selective and orally active M₁ muscarinic receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 3.7 nM for rat cerebral cortex M1 muscarinic receptors. Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride modulates cholinergic activity, countering acetylcholine supersensitivity in neural pathways. Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride improves movement disorder, inhibits McN-A-343 (HY-107648)-induced pressor responses, vagally-induced bradycardia and vasodilatation. Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease. .

HY-B0267A

Oxybutynin chloride	mAChR Potassium Channel	Neurological Disease Cancer
Oxybutynin chloride is an oral active and competitive mAChR antagonist with K_is of 14.3 and 5.55 nM for specific [ ³H]NMS binding in the mouse bladder and cerebral cortex, respectively. Oxybutynin chloride inhibits vascular Kv channels in a manner independent of anticholinergic effect, with an IC₅₀ value of 11.51 μM. Oxybutynin chloride reduces muscle spasm in the bladder and urinary tract, can be used in study of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) . Oxybutynin (chloride) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

HY-B2167R

Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) DHA (Standard); Cervonic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Cancer
Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Docosahexaenoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid abundantly present brain and retina. It can be obtained directly from fish oil and maternal milk. In Vitro: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for the growth and functional development of the brain in infants. DHA is also required for maintenance of normal brain function in adults. The inclusion of plentiful DHA in the diet improves learning ability and memory . DHA is an essential requirement in every step of brain development like neural cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis. The multiple double bonds and unique structure allow DHA to impart special membrane characteristics for effective cell signaling. Many development disorders like dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia etc. are causally related to decreased level of DHA . DHA is a potent RXR ligand inducing robust RXR activation already at low micro molar concentrations. The EC₅₀ for RXRα activation by DHA is about 5-10 μM fatty acid . In Vivo: Docosahexaenoic acid administration over 10 weeks significantly reduces the number of reference memory errors, without affecting the number of working memory errors, and significantly increases the docosahexaenoic acid content and the docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio in both the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex . DHA treatment exerts neuroprotective actions on an experimental mouse model of PD. There is a decrease tendency in brain lipid oxidation of MPTP mice but it does not significantly .

HY-N5063

Plantainoside D 2 Publications Verification	Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) IKK Calcium Channel PKC Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NF-κB Apoptosis Sirtuin NOD-like Receptor (NLR)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Plantainoside D, a phenylethanoid glycosides, is a IKK-β inhibitor with diverse biological activities. Plantainoside D shows inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with an IC₅₀ of 2.17 mM. Plantainoside D significantly reduces the release of glutamate from nerve terminals in the cerebral cortex of rats by inhibiting the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCCs) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascade. Plantainoside D significantly alleviates cell apoptosis by inhibiting the generation of ROS and the activation of NF-κB. Plantainoside D significantly improves acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by regulating the Sirt3/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Plantainoside D can be used for the study of neuroprotection, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antihypertension .

HY-113149

Argininosuccinic acid	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Argininosuccinic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-18730

1400W Maximum Cited Publications 28 Publications Verification W1400	NO Synthase Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
1400W is a slow, tight binding, and highly selective inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, with a K_d value ≤ 7 nM. 1400W inhibits iNOS induction in microglial cells, and reduces generation of NO, thereby mitigating oxidative stress and neuronal cell apoptosis in the rat cerebral cortex, and improving the spatial memory dysfunction caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia-reoxygenation .

HY-17550

Sunifiram DM-235	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Sunifiram (DM-235) is an ampakine-like compound and an agonist of AMPA receptor with oral activity. Sunifiram can increase the release of acetylcholine in the rat cerebral cortex and exhibits potent cognitive enhancement effects with better nootropic activity compared to piracetam (HY-B0585). Sunifiram is promising for research in neurodegenerative diseases such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) .

HY-121186

Bevantolol hydrochloride	Adrenergic Receptor Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Bevantolol hydrochloride is a selective β1 and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with pK_i values of 7.83, 6.9 in rat cerebral cortex, respectively. Bevantolol hydrochloride is a potent Ca ²⁺ antagonist .

HY-176533

S1PR5-IN-1	LPL Receptor	Neurological Disease
S1PR5-IN-1 (Compound 7a) is a highly selective S1PR5 antagonist and orally bioavailable inhibitor with a human S1PR5 IC₅₀ of 85.4 nM and human S1PR5 K_a of 2.173 nM.S1PR5-IN-1 binds to S1PR5 and inhibits natural killer cell migration toward sphingosine-1-phosphate.S1PR5-IN-1 can be used for the research of multiple sclerosis .

HY-137683A

Guanosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate trisodium GDPβS trisodium	Adenylate Cyclase	Cardiovascular Disease
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium (GDPβS trisodium) is a non-hydrolyzable derivative of GDP. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium acts as an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase (AC) with a K_i value of 600 nM. In the absence of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in cerebral cortex membranes of rodent models, Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium partially activates AC with an EC₅₀ of 400 nM. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium prevents norepinephrine-induced nitric oxide release in ventricular myocytes .

HY-P1096

A71623	Cholecystokinin Receptor	Metabolic Disease
A71623, a CCK-4-based peptide, is a potent and highly selective CCK-A full agonist. The IC₅₀s for A-71623 are 3.7 nM in guinea pig pancreas (CCK-A) and 4500 nM in cerebral cortex (CCK-B) in radioligand binding assays, respectively .

HY-B0416

Gallamine Triethiodide	mAChR Adrenergic Receptor	Neurological Disease
Gallamine Triethiodide is a blood-brain barrier-permeable skeletal muscle relaxant. Gallamine Triethiodide induces skeletal muscle paralysis by blocking acetylcholine. Gallamine Triethiodide directly stimulates intracardiac β receptors. Gallamine Triethiodide prolongs the duration of afterdischarge in the cat cerebral cortex. Gallamine Triethiodide can be used in studies related to convulsive disorders .

HY-P2602

α-Casozepine	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
α-Casozepine is an orally effective anxiolytic that binds to the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor in bovine samples with an IC₅₀ of 88 μM. α-Casozepine exerts anxiolytic and anti-stress effects on cats exposed to unfamiliar environments and dogs undergoing road transport . α-Casozepine exhibits significant anxiolytic activity in rats. α-Casozepine can be used in studies related to fear, anxiety and stress .

HY-103151

CP94253 hydrochloride	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
CP94253 hydrochloride is an orally active, brain-penetrant and selective 5-HT_1B receptor agonist with an K_i of 2 nM. CP94253 hydrochloride induces antidepressant-like effects, waking enhancement, sleep inhibition, increased sleep latency, hyperlocomotion, and suppressed aggressive behavior. CP94253 hydrochloride can be used for the research of depression and heightened aggressive behavior .

HY-136933

Gitoxin	Na+/K+ ATPase	Cardiovascular Disease
Gitoxin is a degradation metabolite of Digitoxin (HY-B1357) and a non-competitive Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 1.18e-6 M against the porcine high-affinity subtype and an IC₅₀ of 2.85e-5 M against the porcine low-affinity subtype. Gitoxin regulates atrial contractility and rhythmicity. Gitoxin is applicable to research related to congestive heart failure .

HY-101333

CPPG (RS)-CPPG	mGluR	Neurological Disease
CPPG ((RS)-CPPG) is a potent group II/III mGlu receptors antagonist. CPPG exhibits some selectivity (approximately 20 fold) for group III (IC₅₀=2.2 nM) over group II (IC₅₀=46.2 nM) mGlu receptors in the rat cerebral cortex. CPPG has weak effects at group I mGlu receptors .

HY-W067716

Spinacine (S)-Spinacine	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
Spinacine ((S)-Spinacine) is a GABA uptake inhibitor. Spinacine enhances synaptic GABA effects via inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in cerebral cortex slices. Spinacine inhibits reflex responses of ventral roots in isolated spinal cord. Spinacine inhibits motor activity and reduces approaches to water dispensers in conflict situations. Spinacine raises pain sensitivity threshold via subarachnoidal injection .

HY-N2511

Trimyristin	Cholinesterase (ChE) Phosphatase	Infection Neurological Disease
Trimyristin is an orally active compound. Trimyristin can be isolated from the seeds of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans). Trimyristin inhibits the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), ACP and ALP, with IC₅₀ values of 0.11, 0.16 and 0.18 mM, respectively. Trimyristin exerts competitive-noncompetitive inhibition on acetylcholinesterase, uncompetitive inhibition on ACP, and competitive/noncompetitive inhibition on ALP. Trimyristin restores the downregulated acetylcholinesterase concentration in the cerebral cortex of rats exposed to sodium arsenite. Trimyristin can be used in studies related to fascioliasis and neurotoxicity .

HY-100991

FG 7142 ZK 39106; LSU-65	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
FG 7142 (ZK 39106; LSU-65), a non-selectively benzodiazepine inverse agonist, has high affinity for the α1 subunit-containing GABAA receptor (K_i=91 nM). FG 7142 (ZK 39106; LSU-65) also modulates GABA-induced chloride flux at GABAA receptors expressing the α1 subunit (EC₅₀= 137 nM). FG 7142 (ZK 39106; LSU-65) can increase tyrosine hydroxylation and cause upregulation of β-adrenoceptors in mouse cerebral cortex .

HY-139427

3-Methylglutaconic acid β-Methylglutaconic acid	GABA Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
3-Methylglutaconic acid is the major metabolites accumulating in 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria (MGTA). 3-Methylglutaconic acid can induce lipid oxidative damage and protein oxidative. 3-Methylglutaconic acid decreases the non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in cerebral cortex supernatants to elicit oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex. 3-Methylglutaconic acid can be used for brain damage disease research .

HY-W203728

L-β-Imidazolelactic acid	Amino Acid Derivatives	Neurological Disease
L-β-Imidazolelactic acid is a histidine derivative and an oxidizing agent that can trigger antioxidant effects in the brain cortex of rats .

HY-101324A

MK-212 monohydrochloride CPP monohydrochloride	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease
MK-212 (CPP) monohydrochloride is a centrally acting 5-HT_1C/5-HT₂ agonist. MK-212 monohydrochloride can stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis in cerebral cortex .

HY-N11911

Verazine 1 Publications Verification (-)-Verazine	Fungal	Infection Neurological Disease
Verazine ((-)-Verazine) is an anti-Fungal Agent that can be found in the dried roots and rhizoma of Veratrum maackii Regel. Verazine causes DNA damage in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Verazine can be used in the study of fungal infections and neurological diseases .

HY-B1277A

Trihexyphenidyl	mAChR Cholinesterase (ChE)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Trihexyphenidyl is a selective and orally active M₁ muscarinic receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 3.7 nM for rat cerebral cortex M1 muscarinic receptors. Trihexyphenidyl modulates cholinergic activity, countering acetylcholine supersensitivity in neural pathways. Trihexyphenidyl improves movement disorder, inhibits McN-A-343 (HY-107648)-induced pressor responses, vagally-induced bradycardia and vasodilatation. Trihexyphenidyl can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease. .

HY-102043

PDM-631	Phosphodiesterase (PDE)	Neurological Disease
PDM-631 is a selective and orally active PDE2A inhibitor with blood-brain barrier penetration. PDM-631 exhibits potent inhibitory activity against human and rat recombinant PDE2A with IC₅₀ values of 1.5 nM and 4.2 nM, respectively. PDM-631 increases cGMP levels in the rat cerebral cortex. PDM-631 can be used for the study of schizophrenia and neurodegenerative disorders .

HY-130325

α-Guanidinoglutaric acid	NO Synthase	Neurological Disease
α-Guanidinoglutaric acid is a guanidino compound first found in cobaltinduced epileptogenic focus tissue in the cerebral cortex of cats. α-Guanidinoglutaric acid induces epileptic seizures in rats after intraventricular administration .

HY-101324

MK-212 CPP	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease
MK-212 (CPP) is a centrally acting 5-HT_1C/5-HT₂ agonist. MK-212 can stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis in cerebral cortex .

HY-119495

JTP 2942	Thyroid Hormone Receptor	Neurological Disease
JTP 2942 is a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue. JTP 2942 can promote the release of Acetylcholine in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of rats. JTP 2942 possesses neuroprotective and cognitive-improving activities. JTP 2942 dose-dependently improves motor and neurological deficits in rat models of chronic focal cerebral ischemia. JTP 2942 can be used for the research of cerebral ischemia, motor neuron diseases, and other related conditions .

HY-N12249

7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine	Amyloid-β TMV	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine, an alkaloid, is a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitor (IC₅₀: 1.80 μM). 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine decreases the Aβ and APP levels in the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice .

HY-105115

Abecarnil ZK 112119	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
Abecarnil (ZK 112119) is a ligand or a partial agonist for benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor. Abecarnil possesses anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties. Abecarnil can act as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA_A receptor. Abecarnil inhibits the binding of the BZ [3H]lormetazepam to rat cerebral cortex membranes, with an IC₅₀ of 0.82 nM. Abecarnil can be used for epilepsy research .

HY-B1715R

Oxiracetam (Standard) ISF2522 (Standard)	Reference Standards GABA Receptor NO Synthase	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Oxiracetam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxiracetam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxiracetam (ISF2522) is an orally active and a BBB-penetrable cyclic derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Oxiracetam reaches the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in high concentrations. Oxiracetam can promote cognitive function and regulate inflammatory response, with powerful neuroprotective effects. Oxiracetam can be used in the study of central nervous system diseases .

HY-W067716R

Spinacine (Standard) (S)-Spinacine (Standard)	Reference Standards GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
Spinacine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Spinacine (HY-W067716). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Spinacine ((S)-Spinacine) is a GABA uptake inhibitor. Spinacine enhances synaptic GABA effects via inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in cerebral cortex slices. Spinacine inhibits reflex responses of ventral roots in isolated spinal cord. Spinacine inhibits motor activity and reduces approaches to water dispensers in conflict situations. Spinacine raises pain sensitivity threshold via subarachnoidal injection .

HY-107563

ROS 234	Histamine Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
ROS 234 is a potent H3 antagonist, with a pK_B of 9.46 for Guinea-pig ileum H₃-receptor, a pK_i of 8.90 for Rat cerebral cortex H₃-receptor, and a ED₅₀ of 19.12 mg/kg (ip) in ex vivo of Rat cerebral cortex. ROS 234 diaplays poor central access .

HY-107563A

ROS 234 dioxalate	Histamine Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
ROS 234 dioxalate is a potent H3 antagonist, with a pK_B of 9.46 for Guinea-pig ileum H₃-receptor, a pK_i of 8.90 for Rat cerebral cortex H₃-receptor, and a ED₅₀ of 19.12 mg/kg (ip) in ex vivo of Rat cerebral cortex. ROS 234 dioxalate diaplays poor central access .

HY-121186R

Bevantolol hydrochloride (Standard)	Reference Standards Adrenergic Receptor Calcium Channel	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Bevantolol (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bevantolol (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bevantolol hydrochloride is a selective β1 and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with pK_i values of 7.83, 6.9 in rat cerebral cortex, respectively. Bevantolol hydrochloride is a potent Ca ²⁺ antagonist .

HY-116738

Trimecaine	Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
Trimecaine, a local neural blockade agent, has a strong depressant effect on the cerebral cortex and the ascending reticular formation of the brain stem .

HY-P1588

Scyliorhinin II	Neurokinin Receptor	Neurological Disease Endocrinology
Scyliorhinin II is a selective neurokinin-3 receptor agonist, with a K_i of 2.5 nM for neurokinin-3 receptor in rat cerebral cortex.

HY-103114

AT1015 hydrochloride	5-HT Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
AT1015 hydrochloride is a potent antagonist of 5-HT₂ receptor, with the pK_i of 7.94. AT1015 inhibits vasoconstriction and blocks platelet aggregation .

HY-136800

Posatirelin	Thyroid Hormone Receptor	Endocrinology
Posatirelin, a TRH analog, increases monoamine metabolites in the cerebral cortex, nucleus accumbens, and striatum, and possibly exerts CNS activating effects through a modification of several neurotransmitter systems .

HY-100481

RP 72540 RPR101048	Cholecystokinin Receptor	Neurological Disease
RP 72540 is a selective CCK-B receptor antagonist, with IC₅₀ values of 2.4, 1.2, and 3.8 nM for CCK-B receptors in the guinea pig cerebral cortex, rat cerebral cortex, and mouse brain, respectively. RP 72540 effectively inhibits CCK-8-induced neuronal firing and dose-dependently inhibits gastric acid secretion, making it potentially valuable in studies of acid secretion. RP 72540 is an important tool for investigating the physiological functions of CCK B receptors .

HY-174708

Human FGF13 mRNA	mRNA	Neurological Disease
Human FGF13 mRNA encodes the human fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) protein, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF13 plays a crucial role in neuron polarization and migration in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus.

HY-U00033

Iomazenil	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Iomazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist with partial inverse agonist activity. Iomazenil can assess the binding potential of central benzodiazepine receptors in the cerebral cortex and may reflect neuronal function in viable tissue. Iomazenil use is associated with improved cognitive function in adult patients with ischemic cerebral pathology after indirect revascularization surgery. Iomazenil demonstrated restoration of benzodiazepine receptor binding potential in the affected hemisphere after surgery on brain SPECT imaging .

HY-117839

PD-135666	Cholecystokinin Receptor	Neurological Disease
PD-135666 is a dipeptide inhibitor of cholecystokinin B (CCK B) receptors, binding to CCK B receptors in mouse cerebral cortex with IC50 of 0.1 nM. Its enantiomer, PD-140548, preferentially binds to CCK A receptors with IC50 of 2.8 nM in rat pancreas. PD-135666 exhibits anxiolytic effects in animal models .

HY-116062

JNJ-7925476 hydrochloride	Monoamine Transporter Dopamine Transporter Adrenergic Receptor	Others
JNJ-7925476 (hydrochloride) is a triple monoamine uptake inhibitor with the ability to regulate neurotransmitter levels and antidepressant activity. JNJ-7925476 (hydrochloride) can be rapidly absorbed into the plasma in rats, with a higher concentration in the brain than in plasma. It can induce an increase in the levels of extracellular serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the rat cerebral cortex, and exhibits antidepressant activity in the mouse tail suspension test.

HY-114724

HSR-609	Histamine Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
HSR-609 is an orally active amphoteric antiallergic agent. HSR-609 has a high affinity for histamine H1-receptor in the guinea pig cerebral cortex. HSR-609 inhibits allergic airway hyperresponsiveness to Acetylcholine. HSR-609 shows poor ability to penetrate into the CNS in mice and guinea pigs .

HY-111066

JNJ-37822681	Dopamine Receptor	Others
JNJ-37822681 is a fast dissociating D2 antagonist with activity in inhibiting schizophrenia. JNJ-37822681 has high specificity for D2 receptors and is effective in animal models, inducing increased levels of extracellular serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the rat cerebral cortex, and exhibiting antidepressant activity in the mouse tail suspension test, while having a good brain distribution and lower prolactin release.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P1096

A71623	Cholecystokinin Receptor	Metabolic Disease
A71623, a CCK-4-based peptide, is a potent and highly selective CCK-A full agonist. The IC₅₀s for A-71623 are 3.7 nM in guinea pig pancreas (CCK-A) and 4500 nM in cerebral cortex (CCK-B) in radioligand binding assays, respectively .

HY-P2602

α-Casozepine	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
α-Casozepine is an orally effective anxiolytic that binds to the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor in bovine samples with an IC₅₀ of 88 μM. α-Casozepine exerts anxiolytic and anti-stress effects on cats exposed to unfamiliar environments and dogs undergoing road transport . α-Casozepine exhibits significant anxiolytic activity in rats. α-Casozepine can be used in studies related to fear, anxiety and stress .

HY-P1588

Scyliorhinin II	Neurokinin Receptor	Neurological Disease Endocrinology
Scyliorhinin II is a selective neurokinin-3 receptor agonist, with a K_i of 2.5 nM for neurokinin-3 receptor in rat cerebral cortex.

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-K6301

Human iPSC/ESC Cortical Brain Organoid Induction Differentiation Kit

MCE Human iPSC/ESC Cortical Brain Organoid Induction Differentiation Kit is a standardized culture system specifically designed to recapitulate the developmental processes and functional features of the human cerebral cortex through forebrain ventralization-based signaling regulation. By sequentially activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and gradually inhibiting BMP/Smad signaling, this system efficiently drives human pluripotent stem cells (PSC) to differentiate into high-purity glutamatergic neurons (VGLUT1/2⁺ > 85%), while simultaneously promoting the formation of Pax6⁺/BLBP⁺ radial glial cells that establish a biomimetic ventricular-zone–like structure.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-113149A

Argininosuccinic acid disodium	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Argininosuccinic acid disodium is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-113126

3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite ATP Synthase
3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is an intermediate in the metabolic pathways of L-valine and thymine, and can be found in urine. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is a secreted mediator of endothelial cell fatty acid transport and insulin resistance. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid can also inhibit key enzymes of energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex of young rats. The levels of 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid are closely related to various diseases such as 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, diabetes, and ketoacidosis .

HY-B2167R

Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) DHA (Standard); Cervonic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Docosahexaenoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid abundantly present brain and retina. It can be obtained directly from fish oil and maternal milk. In Vitro: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for the growth and functional development of the brain in infants. DHA is also required for maintenance of normal brain function in adults. The inclusion of plentiful DHA in the diet improves learning ability and memory . DHA is an essential requirement in every step of brain development like neural cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis. The multiple double bonds and unique structure allow DHA to impart special membrane characteristics for effective cell signaling. Many development disorders like dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia etc. are causally related to decreased level of DHA . DHA is a potent RXR ligand inducing robust RXR activation already at low micro molar concentrations. The EC₅₀ for RXRα activation by DHA is about 5-10 μM fatty acid . In Vivo: Docosahexaenoic acid administration over 10 weeks significantly reduces the number of reference memory errors, without affecting the number of working memory errors, and significantly increases the docosahexaenoic acid content and the docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio in both the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex . DHA treatment exerts neuroprotective actions on an experimental mouse model of PD. There is a decrease tendency in brain lipid oxidation of MPTP mice but it does not significantly .

HY-N5063

Plantainoside D 2 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Polyphenols Scrophulariaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) IKK Calcium Channel PKC Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NF-κB Apoptosis Sirtuin NOD-like Receptor (NLR)
Plantainoside D, a phenylethanoid glycosides, is a IKK-β inhibitor with diverse biological activities. Plantainoside D shows inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with an IC₅₀ of 2.17 mM. Plantainoside D significantly reduces the release of glutamate from nerve terminals in the cerebral cortex of rats by inhibiting the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCCs) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascade. Plantainoside D significantly alleviates cell apoptosis by inhibiting the generation of ROS and the activation of NF-κB. Plantainoside D significantly improves acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by regulating the Sirt3/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Plantainoside D can be used for the study of neuroprotection, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antihypertension .

HY-113149

Argininosuccinic acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Argininosuccinic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-136933

Gitoxin	Digitalis purpurea Linn. Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Scrophulariaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase
Gitoxin is a degradation metabolite of Digitoxin (HY-B1357) and a non-competitive Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 1.18e-6 M against the porcine high-affinity subtype and an IC₅₀ of 2.85e-5 M against the porcine low-affinity subtype. Gitoxin regulates atrial contractility and rhythmicity. Gitoxin is applicable to research related to congestive heart failure .

HY-W067716

Spinacine (S)-Spinacine	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	GABA Receptor
Spinacine ((S)-Spinacine) is a GABA uptake inhibitor. Spinacine enhances synaptic GABA effects via inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in cerebral cortex slices. Spinacine inhibits reflex responses of ventral roots in isolated spinal cord. Spinacine inhibits motor activity and reduces approaches to water dispensers in conflict situations. Spinacine raises pain sensitivity threshold via subarachnoidal injection .

HY-N2511

Trimyristin	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Myristicaceae Plants Myristica fragrans Houtt. Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Lipid Source Classification	Cholinesterase (ChE) Phosphatase
Trimyristin is an orally active compound. Trimyristin can be isolated from the seeds of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans). Trimyristin inhibits the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), ACP and ALP, with IC₅₀ values of 0.11, 0.16 and 0.18 mM, respectively. Trimyristin exerts competitive-noncompetitive inhibition on acetylcholinesterase, uncompetitive inhibition on ACP, and competitive/noncompetitive inhibition on ALP. Trimyristin restores the downregulated acetylcholinesterase concentration in the cerebral cortex of rats exposed to sodium arsenite. Trimyristin can be used in studies related to fascioliasis and neurotoxicity .

HY-N11911

Verazine 1 Publications Verification (-)-Verazine	Alkaloids Other Alkaloids Veratrum maackii Regel Plants Melanthiaceae Source Classification	Fungal
Verazine ((-)-Verazine) is an anti-Fungal Agent that can be found in the dried roots and rhizoma of Veratrum maackii Regel. Verazine causes DNA damage in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Verazine can be used in the study of fungal infections and neurological diseases .

HY-N12249

7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine	Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers. Alkaloids Quinoline Alkaloids Plants Source Classification Asparagaceae Juss.	Amyloid-β TMV
7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine, an alkaloid, is a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitor (IC₅₀: 1.80 μM). 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine decreases the Aβ and APP levels in the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice .

HY-W067716R

Spinacine (Standard) (S)-Spinacine (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards GABA Receptor
Spinacine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Spinacine (HY-W067716). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Spinacine ((S)-Spinacine) is a GABA uptake inhibitor. Spinacine enhances synaptic GABA effects via inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in cerebral cortex slices. Spinacine inhibits reflex responses of ventral roots in isolated spinal cord. Spinacine inhibits motor activity and reduces approaches to water dispensers in conflict situations. Spinacine raises pain sensitivity threshold via subarachnoidal injection .

HY-N12616

2-Deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Drug Intermediate
2-Deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of phosphoinositide, which is found in the rat cerebral cortex .

HY-N17413

(-)-γ-Cuparenol	Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils Structural Classification Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Schisandraceae Source Classification	Bacterial Na+/K+ ATPase NF-κB Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT)
(-)-γ-Cuparenol is a sesquiterpene compound with an IC₅₀ of 23.6 μg/mL against porcine Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase. (-)-γ-Cuparenol reduces phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced activation of NF-AT and NF-κB in Jurkat cells. (-)-γ-Cuparenol inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. (-)-γ-Cuparenol exhibits weak inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. (-)-γ-Cuparenol is applicable for research related to immunoregulation, cardiovascular diseases and bacterial infections .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B1277AS

Trihexyphenidyl-d5

Trihexyphenidyl-d₅ is deuterium labeled Trihexyphenidyl (HY-B1277A). Trihexyphenidyl is a selective and orally active M₁ muscarinic receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 3.7 nM for rat cerebral cortex M1 muscarinic receptors. Trihexyphenidyl modulates cholinergic activity, countering acetylcholine supersensitivity in neural pathways. Trihexyphenidyl improves movement disorder, inhibits McN-A-343 (HY-107648)-induced pressor responses, vagally-induced bradycardia and vasodilatation. Trihexyphenidyl can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease. .

HY-B1277S

Trihexyphenidyl-d5 hydrochloride

Trihexyphenidyl-d₅ hydrochloride is deuterium labeled Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (HY-B1277). Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride is a selective and orally active M₁ muscarinic receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 3.7 nM for rat cerebral cortex M1 muscarinic receptors. Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride modulates cholinergic activity, countering acetylcholine supersensitivity in neural pathways. Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride improves movement disorder, inhibits McN-A-343 (HY-107648)-induced pressor responses, vagally-induced bradycardia and vasodilatation. Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease. .

HY-121186S

Bevantolol-d7 hydrochloride
Bevantolol-d₇ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Bevantolol hydrochloride (HY-121186). Bevantolol hydrochloride is a selective β1 and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with pK_i values of 7.83, 6.9 in rat cerebral cortex, respectively. Bevantolol hydrochloride is a potent Ca ²⁺ antagonist .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification