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Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and common disease inducer in experimental animals, constructing models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has potential for use in COVID-19 research .
L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester (LLOMe) hydrochloride, a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester generated by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride also can induce endolysosomal pathway stress .
L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester (LLOMe) hydrobromide, a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester generated by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrobromide also can induce endolysosomal pathway stress .
Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M), the major seed lectin of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, is a T-cell activator. Phytohemagglutinin stimulates human mononuclear leukocytes, inducing the expression of ChAT mRNA and potentiating ACh synthesis. Phytohemagglutinin induces dose- and time-dependent toxicity in THP-1 monocytes/macrophages, alters cellular morphology, causes organelle dysfunction, and increases the expression of NF-κB, COX2, IL-1β .
Mifamurtide (MTP-PE), an analog of the muramyl dipeptide (MDP), is a nonspecific immunomodulator by stimulating the immune response activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide is a specific ligand for NOD2 and acts as an insulin sensitizer. Mifamurtide has potential for use in rare disease and osteosarcoma research .
Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
TLR9-IN-1 is a potent and selective TLR9 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 7 nM for human TLR9. TLR9-IN-1 can be used for researching diseases associated with undesirable immune response .
HLF1-11, a human lactoferrin-derived peptide, is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent. HLF1-11 inhibits human MPO activity. HLF1-11 also directs GM-CSF-driven monocyte differentiation toward macrophages, and enhances immune responses .
GSK3117391 (ESM-HDAC391; CHR-5154; HDAC-IN-3) is an orally active HDAC inhibitor with a IC50 of 55 nM. Using esterase-sensitive motif technology, GSK3117391 is selectively converted into its active acid metabolite HDAC189 in cells expressing carboxylesterase-1. GSK3117391 induces sustained global protein acetylation in monocytes, inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines, depletes circulating monocytes, downregulates the expression of CSF1R, and inhibits monocyte adhesion and differentiation. GSK3117391 can be used in the research of chronic inflammatory diseases .
Hispidol ((Z)-Hispidol) is a potential therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease; inhibits TNF-α induced adhesion of monocytes to colon epithelial cells with an IC50 of 0.50 μM.
Imidapril hydrochloride (TA-6366) is an orally active dual inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and MMP-9. Imidapril hydrochloride inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun, MKK4 and JNK in monocytes, and downregulates the production of specific inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IP-10, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory activity. Imidapril hydrochloride also effectively ameliorates mesangial expansion and reduces urinary albumin excretion by inhibiting angiotensin AngII production, lowering glomerular pressure and oxidative stress, thus delaying disease progression. Imidapril hydrochloride can also directly bind to the active site of MMP-9 to inhibit gelatinase activity, and suppress the enlargement of cerebral aneurysms without altering systemic blood pressure. Imidapril hydrochloride is widely applicable to related studies on autoimmune glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral aneurysms and other conditions .
LR-90 is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor, inhibits inflammatory responses in human monocytes . LR-90 is also used in the research of diabetic animal model .
Paridiprubart (NI-0101) is a humanised anti-TLR4 monoclonal antibody. Paridiprubar inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes from rheumatoid arthritis specimen induced by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid (RASF). Paridiprubart can be used for the study of rheumatoid arthritis .
Mitomycin A is an antitumor agent. Mitomycin A inhibits the spontaneous migration of mouse monocytes. Mitomycin A inhibits the production of MIF (Migration Inhibition Factor) by human lymphocytes. Mitomycin A can be used in the research of tumor diseases .
Romurtide (Muroctasin), a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, is a cytokines inducer. Romurtide can increase peripheral neutrophils and monocytesin vivo and enhance production of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), IL-1 and IL-6in vitro .
Levonadifloxacin ((S)-(-)-Nadifloxacin; WCK 771) is a broad-spectrum anti-staphylococcal agent. Levonadifloxacin shows antibacterial activity against Methicillin (HY-121544)-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, with a reduction of which phagocytized in THP-1 monocytes .
MMK1 is a potent and selective human formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1/FPR2) agonist with EC50s of <2 nM and >10000 nM for FPRL-1 and FPR1, respectively. MMK1 is a potent chemotactic and calcium-mobilizing agonist. MMK1 potently activates phagocytic leukocytes and enhances Pertussis Toxin-sensitive production by human monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6. MMK1 exerts anxiolytic-like activity .
BI-113823 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist, with a Ki value of 5.3 nM for human receptors and 13.3 nM for rat receptors. BI-113823 reduces inflammation-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, as well as the mechanical sensitivity of peripheral afferent nerves and spinal nociceptive-specific neurons. BI-113823 alleviates liver fibrosis and portal hypertension, and improves survival in chronic liver disease models. BI-113823 inhibits the activities of monocytes, neutrophils and hepatic stellate cells, as well as the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. BI-113823 can be used in research related to inflammatory pain, liver fibrosis and portal hypertension .
[Glu1]-Fibrinopeptide B is derived from fibrinopeptide B amino acid residues 1-14. Human fibrinopeptide B (hFpB), a thrombin-derived proteolytic cleavage product of the fibrinogen B beta-chain, to stimulate neutrophils (PMN), monocytes, and fibroblasts.
Licaminlimab (OCS-02) is a single-chain anti-TNF alpha antibody fragment. TNF alpha is an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and monocytes during inflammation .
BAL-1516 is an orally active NLRP3 inhibitor with human NLRP3Kd of 14.2 nM, mouse NLRP3Kd of 200 nM, and blood-brain barrier penetration.BAL-1516 binds to a surface groove of the NLRP3 nucleotide-binding domain, contacts FISNA and WHD subdomains, forms three hydrogen bonds to the peripheral β-strand of the triple-ATPase, and does not alter NLRP3 ATP-hydrolysis activity.BAL-1516 shows specificity for NLRP3 over other NOD-like receptors, directly binds mouse NLRP3, and inhibits inflammasome formation in monocytes and microglia .
KTX-582 is a potent IRAK4 degrader with DC50 values of 4 nM and 5 nM for IRAK4 and Ikaros, respectively. KTX-582 can induce apoptosis in MYD88 MT DLBCL, and is efficient to induce in vivo tumor regressions in lymphoma model .
Secretoneurin, rat, a 33-amino acid polypeptide, is generated by proteolytic processing of secretogranin II (SgII). Secretoneurin, rat induces dopamine release in the rat striatum in vivo and in vitro, and it exerts a very strong chemotactic effect on monocytes and eosinophils but not on granulocytes .
GPR183 antagonist-3 (compound 33) is an oral active GPR183 antagonist with the IC50 of 8.7 μM. GPR183 antagonist-3 displays strong in vitro antimigration and anti-inflammatory activity in monocytes, and improves the pathological symptoms of DSS-induced experimental colitis .
Mifamurtide sodium (MTP-PE sodium), an analog of the muramyl dipeptide (MDP), is a nonspecific immunomodulator by stimulating the immune response activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide sodium is a specific ligand for NOD2 and acts as an insulin sensitizer. Mifamurtide sodium has potential for use in rare disease and osteosarcoma research .
Mifamurtide TFA (MTP-PE TFA), an analog of the muramyl dipeptide (MDP), is a nonspecific immunomodulator by stimulating the immune response activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide TFA is a specific ligand for NOD2 and acts as an insulin sensitizer. Mifamurtide TFA has potential for use in rare disease and osteosarcoma research .
Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) is a kind of mouse IgG2a κ chimeric antibody inhibitor, targeting to human MHC Class I. Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) reacts with the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, HLA-A, B, and C. Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) increases adherence of monocytes to human endothelial cells. Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) can be used for the research of immunology .
IDR-1002 is an anti-infective peptide that enhances the ability of human monocytes to migrate toward chemokines on fibronectin. IDR-1002 also induces adhesion and activation of β1-integrin, a mechanism that promotes monocyte recruitment .
Lipid X is a 2,3-diacylglucosamine-1-phosphate that serves as the monosaccharide precursor of lipid A, possessing both LPS antagonist and weak agonist activities. Lipid X exerts protective effects by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor production, monocyte procoagulant activity, and neutrophil priming. Lipid X may induce transient pulmonary hypertension, neutropenia, and mild pyrogenic effects in laboratory animals. Lipid X has low toxicity and no in vitro antibacterial activity, but it significantly reduces mortality following Gram-negative bacterial infection and endotoxin exposure. Lipid X tends to accumulate in liver tissue, binds to circulating cellular components, and can be converted to lipid Y through transesterification. Lipid X can be used in research on Gram-negative bacterial sepsis, endotoxemia, and associated pulmonary hypertension .
Whole Glucan Particles is a Dectin-1a agonist. Whole Glucan Particles activates the innate immune system to improve the function of macrophages, monocytes and other immune cells .
GSK2647544 is an orally available, selective inhibitor of Lp-PLA2. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase (Lp-PLA2) is a calcium-independent phospholipase A2 with proinflammatory activities that is primarily secreted by monocyte-derived macrophages .
Defensin HNP-3 human is an α-defensin stored in the azurophilic granules of human neutrophils. Defensin HNP-3 human exerts broad-spectrum bactericidal, antifungal and antiviral activities mainly by forming bacterial membrane pores, and acts as a chemoattractant for monocytes and T cells. Defensin HNP-3 human maintains epithelial integrity to support periodontal tissue homeostasis, and exerts concentration-dependent effects on epithelial cell proliferation, adhesion and bacterial adhesion. Defensin HNP-3 human targets solid tumors and leukemia by inducing single-strand DNA breaks and membrane permeabilization in tumor cells via electrostatic binding and pore formation. Defensin HNP-3 human is abundant in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma and neutrophils infiltrating oral squamous cell carcinoma. Defensin HNP-3 human can be applied to research related to periodontitis and human tongue squamous cell carcinoma .
BIT-225 is an inhibitor for Vpu protein through block of Vpu ion channel, and thus inhibits the release of HIV-1, especially in monocyte-derived macrophages (EC50 is 2.25 μM), without significant cytotoxicity (TC50 is 284 μM) .
Besifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent. Besifloxacin can inhibit cytokine production by monocytes. Besifloxacin has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity .
Substance P (3-11) acetate is a substance P (SP) fragment peptide that can cross the BBB. Substance P (3-11) acetate has contracting activities on guinea pig ileum. Substance P (3-11) acetate also promotes human monocyte chemotaxis .
Dexamethasone-d3-1 (Hexadecadrol-d3-1; Prednisolone F-d3-1) is a deuterium labeled Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
NF546 (hydrate) is a selective non-nucleotide P2Y11 agonist with a pEC50 of 6.27. NF546 (hydrate) stimulates release of interleukin-8 from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells .
INCB 3284 is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable human CCR2 antagonist, inhibiting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 binding to hCCR2, with an IC50 of 3.7 nM. INCB 3284 can be used in the research of acute liver failure.
Ketoprofen-d3 is the deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively .
Substance P (3-11) is a substance P (SP) fragment peptide that can cross the BBB. Substance P (3-11) has contracting activities on guinea pig ileum. Substance P (3-11) also promotes human monocyte chemotaxis .
cAIMP (Cyclic Adenosine-Inosine Monophosphate) is an effective synthetic cyclic dinucleotide. cAIMP activates IRF and NF-κB in the THP1 human monocyte reporter cell line (THP1-Dual). cAIMP induces the secretion of IFNs and pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro in human blood, with an EC50 of 6.4 μmol/L .
AGU661 is a Microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase 1 (mPGES-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.22 nM. AGU661 lowers PGE2 formation in human pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and activated monocytes without affecting other lipid mediator pathways. AGU661 has unfavorable physicochemical properties with poor metabolic stability and strong plasma protein binding tendencies. AGU661 into PLGA-based NPs significantly enhances its bioactivity. AGU661 can be used for inflammatory disorders research .
Tenofovir exalidex (CMX157) is a lipid conjugate of the acyclic nucleotide analog Tenofovir with activity against both wild-type and antiretroviral drug-resistant HIV strains, including multidrug nucleoside/nucleotide analog-resistant viruses. Tenofovir exalidex is active against all major subtypes of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in fresh human PBMCs and against all HIV-1 strains evaluated in monocyte-derived macrophages, with EC50s ranging between 0.2 and 7.2 nM. CMX157 is orally available and has no apparent toxicity. Tenofovir exalidex also shows antiviral activity against HBV .
L-156602 is a C5a receptor antagonist. L-156602 inhibits inflammation, and the migration of monocytes and neutrophils to the infiltrating site in mouse inflammatory models. L-156602 suppresses the efferent phase of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) .
Tefinostat (CHR-2845) is a monocyte/macrophage targeted histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Tefinostat can be cleaved into active acid CHR-2847 by the intracellular esterase human carboxylesterase-1 (hCE-1). Tefinostat can be used for the research of leukaemias .
AF3442 is a potent and selective mPGES-1 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.06 μM) which reduces monocyte PGE2 generation also in the presence of plasma proteins. AF3442 shows selectivity over other prostanoids (TXB2, PGF2α and 6-keto-PGF1α). AF3442 can be used for research in analgesia .
NF546 is a selective non-nucleotide P2Y11 agonist with a pEC50 of 6.27. NF546 stimulates release of interleukin-8 from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells .
Mifamurtide (MTP-PE; CGP 19835) sodium hydrate is the sodium hydrate of mifamurtide. Mifamurtide is a nonspecific immunomodulator that acts by stimulating immune responses by activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide is a specific ligand for NOD2 and is used as an insulin sensitizer and may also be used in osteosarcoma research .
INCB 3284 dimesylate is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable human CCR2 antagonist, inhibiting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 binding to hCCR2, with an IC50 of 3.7 nM. INCB 3284 dimesylate can be used in the research of acute liver failure.
PCTR1 is a potent monocyte/macrophage agonist, regulating key anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving processes during bacterial infection. PCTR1 is a member of the protectin family of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) .
Butenoyl-PAF is a phospholipid analog of platelet activating factor (PAF-like) that is generated in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (DLDR). Butenoyl-PAF can activate cells that express human PAF receptors, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets, and it stimulates an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration .
AO-1535 is a semisynthetic monoglycosylceramide that inhibits the production of reactive oxygen intermediates in human monocytes and macrophages stimulated by phorbol ester and chemotactic tetrapeptide. AO-1535 can be used for the research of inflammatory dermatoses .
Levonadifloxacin (arginine) hydrate is a broad-spectrum anti-staphylococcal agent. Levonadifloxacin (arginine) hydrate shows antibacterial activity against Methicillin (HY-121544)-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, with a reduction of which phagocytized in THP-1 monocytes .
Levonadifloxacin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Levonadifloxacin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Levonadifloxacin ((S)-(-)-Nadifloxacin; WCK 771) is a broad-spectrum anti-staphylococcal agent. Levonadifloxacin shows antibacterial activity against Methicillin (HY-121544)-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, with a reduction of which phagocytized in THP-1 monocytes .
Anti-Mouse Ly6C Antibody (Monts 1) is a rat-derived anti-mouse Ly6C IgG2a type antibody inhibitor. Anti-Mouse Ly6C Antibody (Monts 1) depletes monocytes, neutrophils, and some other granulocyte populations. Anti-Mouse Ly6C Antibody (Monts 1) can be used for the researches of cancer, immunology and infection, such as chikungunya (CHIKV) and aggressive tumor .
IDR-HH2 is an immunomodulatory peptide with the ability to modulate the host cytokine/chemokine environment. IDR-HH2 can promote the adhesion of monocytes and THP-1 cells to fibronectin. Additionally, IDR-HH2 possesses antibacterial activity, inhibiting the activity of both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with MIC values of 75 µg/mL and 38 µg/mL, respectively .
Tenofovir exalidex (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tenofovir exalidex. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tenofovir exalidex (CMX157) is a lipid conjugate of the acyclic nucleotide analog Tenofovir with activity against both wild-type and antiretroviral drug-resistant HIV strains, including multidrug nucleoside/nucleotide analog-resistant viruses. Tenofovir exalidex is active against all major subtypes of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in fresh human PBMCs and against all HIV-1 strains evaluated in monocyte-derived macrophages, with EC50s ranging between 0.2 and 7.2 nM. CMX157 is orally available and has no apparent toxicity. Tenofovir exalidex also shows antiviral activity against HBV .
ImmTher is a liposome-encapsulated lipophilic disaccharide tripeptide derivative of muramyl dipeptide. ImmTher can up-regulate specific monocyte cytokine genes and activate monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity .
FAZ-053 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting B7-H1/PD-L1/CD274. FAZ-053 inhibits the interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 and B7-1 on monocytes, dendritic cells, and B cells. FAZ-053 enhances interleukin 2 production. FAZ-053 can be used in advanced alveolar soft tissue sarcoma (ASPS), chordoma, and triple-negative breast cancer research .
Human CCL13 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CCL13) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils, but not neutrophils. CCL13 also plays a role in accumulation of leukocytes during inflammation and may be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during artherosclerosis.
MMK1 TFA is a potent and selective human formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1/FPR2) agonist with EC50s of <2 nM and >10000 nM for FPRL-1 and FPR1, respectively. MMK1 TFA is a potent chemotactic and calcium-mobilizing agonist. MMK1 TFA potently activates phagocytic leukocytes and enhances Pertussis Toxin-sensitive production by human monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6. MMK1 TFA exerts anxiolytic-like activity .
BMY 42393 is an orally active prostacyclin agonist which suppresses monocyte-macrophage atherogenic activity and cytokine production. BMY 42393 can be used for atherosclerosis research .
Human CCL14 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CCL14) protein, a cytokine that induces changes in intracellular calcium concentration and enzyme release in monocytes.
DBM 1285 dihydrochloride is an orally active TNF-α production inhibitor with anti-inflammatory effects. DBM 1285 dihydrochloride inhibits Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α secretion in various cells of macrophage/monocyte lineage .
EBOV-IN-9 (compound 2b) is Diphyllin derivative that blocks Ebola viral entry with an EC50 of 40 nM. EBOV-IN-9 against EBOV-infected monocyte-derived macrophages with an EC50 of 107 nM .
Diayangambin (Syringaresinol dimethyl ether; Lirioresinol C dimethyl ether) is a cell proliferation inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.5 μM against human monocytes. Diayangambin also has immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects .
Human IL34 mRNA encodes the human interleukin 34 (IL34) protein, a cytokine that promotes the differentiation and viability of monocytes and macrophages through the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R).
Piroxicam olamine (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively .
Human CCL15 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 15 (CCL15) protein, a chemotactic for T cells and monocytes, and acts through C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1).
Human CCL1 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) protein, a member of the CC subfamily. CCL1 is secreted by activated T cells and displays chemotactic activity for monocytes but not for neutrophils.
Glycozolidal (compound 12) is a carbazole alkaloid with antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis. Glycozolidal is cytotoxic against human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and monocytes (U937) in vitro with IC50 values of 120.86 µg/mL and 97.74 µg/mL, respectively .
Hispidol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hispidol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hispidol ((Z)-Hispidol) is a potential therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease; inhibits TNF-α induced adhesion of monocytes to colon epithelial cells with an IC50 of 0.50 μM.
Fostemsavir sodium (BMS-663068 sodium) is an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor with antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV-1. Co-inhibition with fostemsavir sodium also showed a trend toward reduction in markers of monocyte activation and coagulation abnormalities .
A63162 is a specific 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor. A63162 inhibits mitogen (PHA)-induced horse mononuclear cell (BMC) proliferation and inhibits Calcimycin (HY-N6687)-induced leukotriene LTB4 synthesis at the same concentration. A63162 can be used in the study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease .
Human CCR2 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) protein, a chemokine which specifically mediates monocyte chemotaxis. CCR2 can mediate agonist-dependent calcium mobilization and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase.
Cariporide is a Na+/H+ Exchanger 1 (NHE-1) inhibitor. Cariporide inhibits the expression of monocyte endothelial cell adhesion and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mediated by high glucose (HG) by inhibiting the activation of NHE-1 .
Human CCL16 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not for neutrophils. CCL16 also shows a potent myelosuppressive activity and suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells.
Piroxicam-d4 is the deuterium labeled Piroxicam. Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
Ketoprofen-d4 is the deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively .
Fosfenopril (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fosfenopril. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fosfenopril (Fosinoprilat) is a potent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Fosfenopril alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling in monocytes .
SOL-116 is a humanized anti-BSSL antibody. SOL-116 blocks BSSL from binding to monocytes. SOL-116 reduces the severity of Pristane (HY-N7819)-induced arthritis in rats .
Cn-AMP1 is a disulfide-free plant peptide that can be isolated from green coconut water. Cn-AMP1 shows activity against multiple pathogenic bacteria, fungal pathogens and cancer cells. Cn-AMP1 is capable of up-regulating inflammatory-cytokine secretion by monocytes. Cn-AMP1 can be used for research on control bacterial infections and cancers .
TEI-6122 is a 7-thiaprostaglandin E1 derivative. TEI-6122 can reduce urinary protein and suppressthe increase of blood urea nitrogen. TEI-6122 can inhibit monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induced chemotaxis. TEI-6122 can be used for the research of inflammation, such as nephritis .
PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-14 is an orally active IRAK4PROTAC degrader with a DC50 of 2.4 nM. PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-14 inhibits proinflammatory responses in multiple cell types including T cells, monocytes and keratinocytes. PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-14 is applicable to research related to psoriasis .
KAFDITYVRLKF is a selective, competitive integrin αvβ3 binder. KAFDITYVRLKF induces the production of MMP-9. KAFDITYVRLKF blocks monocyte migration, promotes melanoma cell migration, protects neurons, and improves motor and cognitive functions. KAFDITYVRLKF can be used in research related to melanoma and Parkinson's disease .
PE-CF594 is a labeled monoclonal antibody conjugate that specifically binds to HLA-DR on the surface of monocytes and B cells, while acting as a signal attenuator. Through steric hindrance and a possible fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism, PE-CF594 specifically reduces the fluorescence intensity of PE-CD124 staining, but does not interfere with the staining of other PE-labeled antibodies such as CD40, CD4 or CD14. PE-CF594 can also be used to detect the emission signal of mt-Keima after excitation with a 561-nm laser, thereby effectively evaluating mitophagy activity .
OX118 is a fully human, ADCC-enhanced monoclonal antibody targeting OX40L, the recommended isotype control is HY-P99001. OX118 blocks OX40L, suppresses effector T-cell proliferation, expands regulatory T-cell populations, and reduces bystander activation across natural killer cells, B cells, and CD14+ monocytes. OX118 can be used for the research of graft-versus-host disease .
UM-259 hydrochloride is a STING inhibitor with activity against both murine and human STING (including the STINGR232 mutant). UM-259 hydrochloride inhibits STING-dependent signaling pathways, blocks STING oligomerization, and acts on human primary CD14 + monocytes. UM-259 hydrochloride can be used for research on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, and infant-onset STING-associated vasculopathy .
ERβ agonist-2 (Page 72) is a selective ERβ agonist with an EC50 of 800 nM or lower. ERβ agonist-2 selectively inhibits T cell activation and/or proliferation, thereby reducing circulating T cell levels in subjects, without exerting significant effects on circulating neutrophil, monocyte or B cell levels. ERβ agonist-2 is applicable to studies of chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction, as well as graft-versus-host disease, multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis .
AMY109 is an anti-human interleukin-8 (IL-8) monoclonal antibody, with a Ka of 36.8 pM for human IL-8, and a Ka of 380 pM for cynomolgus monkey IL-8. AMY109 binds to human and cynomolgus monkey IL-8 in a pH-dependent manner, inhibits IL-8-mediated activation of CXCR1 and CXCR2, and blocks the downstream biological activities of IL-8. AMY109 inhibits neutrophil recruitment to endometriotic lesions and suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production by neutrophils. AMY109 is applicable to research related to endometriosis .
Lb54 is a caspase-3 and caspase-7 activator with an EC50 of 660.9 nM for human procaspase-3. Lb54 activates caspase-3/7, which cleaves Gasdermin D (GSDMD) at aspartic acid residue 87 to generate a p10 fragment, preventing formation of the pore-forming p30 fragment of GSDMD. Lb54 suppresses GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis through caspase-3/7 activation, thereby attenuating inflammatory responses and conferring protection against sepsis. Lb54 alleviates acute lung injury, and inhibited systemic inflammation by restraining the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Lb54 can be used for the research of sepsis .
IB001 is a humanized anti-BAG3 antibody that inhibits BAG3, with a KD value of 14.4 nM for human BAG3. IB001 blocks BAG3-dependent monocyte/macrophage activation, interferes with the interaction between BAG3 and IFITM-2, and disrupts tumor microenvironment signaling pathways. IB001 inhibits tumor growth, reduces α-SMA-positive fibroblasts, and blocks BAG3-dependent IL-6 release. IB001 accumulates in a time-dependent manner in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors. IB001 can be used for research related to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma .
Human CCL8 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8) protein, a member of the CC subfamily. CCL8 displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils.
DA-E 5090 is an orally effective inhibitor of IL-1 production that can be converted into a pharmacologically active deacetylated form (DA-E5090) in vivo. In this study, the effects of DA-E5090 on IL-1 production in vitro were examined by LPS-stimulated human monocytes. The results showed that DA-E5090 could dose-dependently inhibit the production of IL-1α and IL-1β (1-10 μM) by LPS-stimulated human monocytes, as determined by LAF assay and ELISA. Northern blotting analysis showed that DA-E5090 inhibited the transcription of IL-1α and IL-1β mRNA.
Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0-d5 (19:0 lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase-d5) is the deuterated form of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 (HY-154830). Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 is a lysophosphatidylcholine with a fully saturated C19 acyl chain. When lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 is combined with LPS (HY-D1056), it can induce the secretion of IL-1β by human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 can reduce the survival rate of dendritic cells derived from monocytes.
GSK761 is a selective inhibitor of speckled 140 kDa (SP140) with an IC50 value of 77.79 nM. GSK761 reduces monocyte-to-inflammatory macrophage differentiation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory activation. GSK761 induces the production of CD206 + regulatory macrophages by inhibiting SP140 .
Piroxicam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Piroxicam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
Indobufen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indobufen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indobufen is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. Indobufen is a reversible platelet cyclooxygenase (Cox) activity inhibitor. Indobufen suppresses thromboxane A2 (TxA2) synthesis. Indobufen down-regulates tissue factor (TF) in monocytes .
VAF347 is a cell permeable and highly affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist and induces AhR signaling. VAF347 inhibits the development of CD14 +CD11b +monocytes from granulo-monocytic (GM stage) precursors. VAF347 has anti-inflammatory effects .
NLRP3 agonist 3 (Compound Payload 5) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). NLRP3 agonist 3 is a NLRP3 agonist that induces IL-1β secretion in primary human monocytes. NLRP3 agonist 3 can be used in cancer research .
Human CCL2 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) protein. CCL2 displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.
7α-Hydroxycholesterol is a cholesterol oxide and can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol has cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory activities. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can also inhibit sterol synthesis and reduce the activity of HMG-CoA reductase. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can be used in the research of diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis .
7α-Hydroxycholesterol is a cholesterol oxide and can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol has cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory activities. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can also inhibit sterol synthesis and reduce the activity of HMG-CoA reductase. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can be used in the research of diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis .
AN-3485 hydrochloride is a benzoxaborole analogue and an orally active antagonist of the Toll-like pathway. AN-3485 hydrochloride can inhibit TLR-mediated inflammatory cytokine secretion and has significant anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, AN-3485 hydrochloride also has certain anti-tumor activity .
3-Hydroxybenzeneethanol is a phenethyl alcohol antioxidant. 3-Hydroxybenzeneethanol can inhibit ROS production induced by cumene hydroperoxide. 3-Hydroxybenzeneethanol can be used for the research of inflammation .
AN-3485 is a benzoxaborole analogue and an orally active antagonist of the Toll-like pathway. AN-3485 can inhibit TLR-mediated inflammatory cytokine secretion and has significant anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, AN-3485 also has certain anti-tumor activity .
AZD2423 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable, and non-competitive CCR2 chemokine receptor negative allosteric modulator. AZD2423 has an IC50 of 1.2 nM for CCR2 Ca 2+ flux .
Anti-CD68 Antibody (KP1) is a anti-CD68 monoclonal antibody (mAb). CD68 is present in various cell types, including monocytes/macrophages and fibroblasts. Recommend Isotype Controls: Mouse IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99977) .
Human CCL17 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for T lymphocytes, but not monocytes or granulocytes. CCL17 plays important roles in T cell development in thymus as well as in trafficking and activation of mature T cells.
BODIPY 480/508-cholesteryl linoleate is a cell-permeable and fluorescently tagged derivative of Cholesteryl Linoleate (HY-W010697). BODIPY 480/508-cholesteryl linoleate has been used to monitor cholesterol trafficking in isolated human monocyte-derived macrophages (Ex/Em=480/508 nm).
LR-90 (Standard) is the analytical standard of LR-90. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. LR-90 is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor, inhibits inflammatory responses in human monocytes . LR-90 is also used in the research of diabetic animal model .
Piroxicam-d3 (CP-16171-d3) is deuterium labeled Piroxicam. Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively .
Jagged-1 (188-204) is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a CNS-penetrant non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1.
Anti-inflammatory agent 86 is a Chrysin (HY-14589) derivative with anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-inflammatory agent 86 inhibits monocyte adhesion to colon epithelium induced by TNF-α, with an IC50 of 4.71 μM. Anti-inflammatory agent 86 has the potential for the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research .
ACT-389949 is a first-in-class, potent and selective and agonist of formyl peptide receptor type 2 (FPR2)/Lipoxin A4 receptor (ALX), with an EC50 of 3 nM for FPR2/ALX internalization into monocytes. ACT-389949 has potential for the treatment of inflammatory disorders .
Ketoprofen- 13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively .
CBT004 (KB312) is a human IgG1κ type monoclonal antibody against CD83. CD83 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a highly expressed marker on the surface of mature DCs. It can also be induced to be expressed on activated B cells, some activated T cells, and activated monocytes.
Benoxaprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benoxaprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benoxaprofen (LRCL 3794) is a potent and long-acting anti-inflammatory and antipyretic compound. Benoxaprofen is a relatively weak inhibitor of cyclooxygenase in in vitro systems, inhibits lipoxygenase in other systems, and inhibits monocyte migration in some animal models of inflammation .
Emestrin is a mycotoxin originally isolated from E. striata that has antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic activities. It is active against the fungi C. albicans and C. neoformans, as well as the bacteria E. coli, S. aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; IC50s=3.94, 0.6, 2.21, 4.55, and 2.21 μg/mL, respectively).2 Emestrin is a chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist (IC50=5.4 μM in a radioligand binding assay using isolated human monocytes).3 Emestrin (0.1 μg/mL) induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells. It induces heart, thymus, and liver tissue necrosis in mice when administered at doses ranging from 18 to 30 mg/kg.
Anti-CD14 Antibody (UCHM-1) reacts with the human CD14. Anti-CD14 Antibody (UCHM-1) recognizes a cell surface glycoprotein expressed on most peripheral blood monocytes. Recommend Isotype Controls: Mouse IgG2a kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99978) .
Human CCL23 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 23 (CCL23) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes and monocytes, lower activity on neutrophils and no activity on activated T lymphocytes. CCL23 is also a strong suppressor of colony formation by a multipotential hematopoietic progenitor cell line.
Jagged-1 (188-204) TFA is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
Human CCL18 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for naive T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and nonactivated lymphocytes, but not for monocytes or granulocytes. CCL18 may play a role in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity responses.
(±)13-HODE cholesteryl ester is originally extracted from atherosclerotic lesions1 and shown to be produced by Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation of LDL. Later studies determined that 15-LO from rabbit reticulocytes and human monocytes were able to metabolize cholesteryl linoleate, a major component of LDL, to 13-HODE cholesteryl ester.
(±)9-HODE cholesteryl ester is originally extracted from atherosclerotic lesions1 and shown to be produced by Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation of LDL.2 Later studies determined that 15-LO from rabbit reticulocytes and human monocytes were able to metabolize cholesteryl linoleate, a major component of LDL, to 9-HODE cholesteryl ester.
SKF-86002 is an orally active p38 MAPK inhibitor, with anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic activities. SKF-86002 inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulate human monocyte IL-1 and TNF-α production (IC50 = 1 μM). SKF-86002 inhibits lipoxygenase- and cyclooxygenase-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid .
SRI-42127 is a HuR translocation inhibitor. HuR is an RNA regulator that binds to AREs, and HuR translocations promote the production of inflammatory cytokines in glial cells. However, SRI-42127 can destroy mRNA stability and inhibit gene promoter activation. SRI-42127 also inhibits microglial cell activation and attenuates recruitment/chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes .
IDR-1 is an antimicrobial peptide that is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. IDR-1 counters infection by selective modulation of innate immunity without obvious toxicities. IDR-1 has anti-inflammatory and anti-infective properties, enhances the levels of monocyte chemokines, and attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine release .
SKF-86002 dihydrochloride is an orally active p38 MAPK inhibitor, with anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic activities. SKF-86002 dihydrochloride inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulate human monocyte IL-1 and TNF-α production (IC50 = 1 μM). SKF-86002 dihydrochloride inhibits lipoxygenase- and cyclooxygenase-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid .
Tefinostat (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tefinostat (HY-106409). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tefinostat (CHR-2845) is a monocyte/macrophage targeted histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Tefinostat can be cleaved into active acid CHR-2847 by the intracellular esterase human carboxylesterase-1 (hCE-1). Tefinostat can be used for the research of leukaemias .
ITF 3756 is a selective, orally active HDAC6 inhibitor. ITF 3756 antagonizes TNF-α-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway. ITF 3756 reduces PD-L1 expression on human monocytes and CD8 + T cells, and exhibits antitumor activity. ITF 3756 can be used in colon cancer-related research .
15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin A1 is a deoxyanalog of prostaglandins that inhibits NF-κB signaling and induces apoptosis. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin A1 inhibits TNF-α-induced upregulation of inflammatory endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CAM) and avoids monocyte arrest .
Tolfenamic acid- 13C6 is the 13C6 labeled Tolfenamic acid. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1.
Human CCL22 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and for chronically activated T lymphocytes. CCL22 also displays a mild activity for primary activated T lymphocytes and has no chemoattractant activity for neutrophils, eosinophils and resting T lymphocytes.
LUF7996 is a CCR2 PROTAC Degrader degrading CCR2 with DC50 = 2.6 μM. LUF7996 demonstrates engagement of both and the E3 ligase cereblon and displays sustain and concentration-dependent degradation of CCR2. LUF7996 reliance on the lysosomal pathway to induce CCR2 degradation. LUF7996 efficiently inhibits monocyte migration in virto .
Tolfenamic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Tolfenamic Acid. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1 .
JGB-1-155 is a positive allosteric modulators (N-PAMs), which enhances the activity of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAMPT with EC50 of 3.29 μM. JGB-1-155 counteracts the oxidative stress, through upregulating the NAD + in THP-1 human monocytes. JGB-1-155 attenuates TNFα-induced ROS in HT-22 cells .
Human CCR8 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) protein, a member of the beta chemokine receptor family. CCR8 plays a role in regulation of monocyte chemotaxis and thymic cell apoptosis. More specifically, this receptor may contribute to the proper positioning of activated T cells within the antigenic challenge sites and specialized areas of lymphoid tissues.
Human CCL24 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 (CCL24) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes, a minimal activity on neutrophils, and is negative on monocytes and activated T lymphocytes. CCL24 also has antimicrobial activity, displaying an antibacterial effect on S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, Non-typeable H. influenzae, and P. aeruginosa.
Tolfenamic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tolfenamic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1.
Osteocalcin (Osteocalcin (1-49)) (human) is a vitamin K-dependent bone specific protein. Osteocalcin (human) is chemotactic for several of the cell types frequently found at bone remodeling surfaces .
Rifamycin (Rifamycin SV) is an orally active ansamycin antibiotic. Rifamycin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis. Rifamycin has antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rifamycin interferes with hepatic bile acid metabolism. Rifamycin has anti-inflammatory effects. Rifamycin can be used in the study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacteroides fragilis infection, and Lipopolysaccharide (HY-D1056B3)-induced inflammation .
Demeclocycline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Demeclocycline (HY-121268). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Demeclocycline is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic. Demeclocycline impairs protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit to inhibit binding of aminoacyl tRNA. Demeclocycline shows anti-bacterial activitise to a wide variety of bacterial infections .
Rifamycin sodium (Rifamycin SV monosodium) is an orally active ansamycin antibiotic. Rifamycin sodium inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis. Rifamycin sodium has antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rifamycin sodium interferes with hepatic bile acid metabolism. Rifamycin sodium has anti-inflammatory effects. Rifamycin sodium can be used in the study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacteroides fragilis infection, and Lipopolysaccharide (HY-D1056B3)-induced inflammation .
Demeclocycline hydrochloride is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits the binding of aminoacyl tRNA by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby affecting protein synthesis. Demeclocycline hydrochloride exhibits antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial infections .
CB2R agonist 1 is a selective ligand of cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R) with an EC50 value of 0.56 µM. CB2R agonist 1 has high affinity and excellent selectivity for human CB2R and CB1R respectively. CB2R agonist 1 regulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines and play an immunomodulatory role .
Demeclocycline calcium is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits the binding of aminoacyl tRNA by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby affecting protein synthesis. Demeclocycline calcium exhibits antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial infections .
Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP-III) is an immune modulator. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III reduces the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and CNS inflammation .
Benoxaprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benoxaprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benoxaprofen (LRCL 3794) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent that blocks the biosynthesis of inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins by inhibiting 5-LOX, PGH2 synthase and cytochrome P-450. Benoxaprofen exhibits significant toxicity: it not only alters cellular redox status, uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and disrupts calcium ion homeostasis, but also causes liver injury through the formation of covalent adducts between its active metabolites and hepatic proteins. Benoxaprofen shows strong phototoxicity under ultraviolet irradiation, and induces erythrocyte lysis, mast cell degranulation and histamine release. Benoxaprofen is widely used in studies of urticaria and related phototoxic mechanisms .
Lysophosphatidylcholines is an orally active lysolipid and a component of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL). Lysophosphatidylcholines induces cell injury, the production of IL-1β and apoptosis. Lysophosphatidylcholines has a proactive effect on sepsis .
Demeclocycline is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic. Demeclocycline impairs protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit to inhibit binding of aminoacyl tRNA. Demeclocycline shows anti-bacterial activitise to a wide variety of bacterial infections .
Leramistat (HMC-C-01-A; MBS2320) is a mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor, involving in cell metabolism immune metabolism regulation. Leramistat also inhibits ATP production in Thp1 human monocytes (IC50: 0.63 μM). Leramistat inhibits atopic dermatitis and other skin diseases autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer; and also inhibits osteoclast mediated disease .
Diflapolin is a highly active dual 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP)/soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor with marked anti-inflammatory efficacy and high target selectivity. Diflapolin inhibits 5-LOX product formation in intact human monocytes and neutrophils with IC50s?of? 30 and 170?nM, respectively, and suppressed the activity of isolated sEH (IC50=20?nM) .
BIT-225 (Standard) is the analytical standard of BIT-225 (HY-106282). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. BIT-225 is an inhibitor for Vpu protein through block of Vpu ion channel, and thus inhibits the release of HIV-1, especially in monocyte-derived macrophages (EC50 is 2.25 μM), without significant cytotoxicity (TC50 is 284 μM) .
Sirtuin modulator 8 is a sirtuin modulator that can activate Sirtuin activity. Sirtuin modulator 8 significantly downregulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and upregulates the expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Sirtuin modulator 8 regulates the expression of inflammation- and metabolism-related genes, showing potential for studying metabolic diseases (such as diabetes, obesity) and inflammatory diseases .
Mitoguazone (Methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone)) is a synthetic polycarbonyl derivative with potent antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone is a brain-penetrant and competitive S-adenosyl-methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) inhibitor that disrupts polyamine biosynthesis. Mitoguazone induces cell apoptosis. Mitoguazone inhibits HIV DNA integration into the cellular DNA in both monocytes and macrophages. Mitoguazone has the potential for acute leukemia, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment .
Reproterol hydrochloride is a dual-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Reproterol hydrochloride is more potent than albuterol and feterol in stimulating cAMP production in human monocytes, demonstrating its potential in enhancing airway function. Furthermore, Reproterol significantly inhibited the production of LTB4, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Reproterol hydrochloride may have inhibitory effects in respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD .
[Lys3]-Bombesin is a biological active peptide. (PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging of [Lys3]-bombesin is able to detect gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) positive prostate cancer. An immunoconjugate of [Lys3]-bombesin and corresponding monoclonal antibody can specifically induce (CD64)-dependent monocyte and neutrophil-mediated lysis of small cell carcinoma.)
SC-45662 is a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. SC-45662 inhibits the response of monocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). SC-45662 inhibits superoxide production in neutrophils. SC-45662 slows early changes in lung mechanics and pulmonary hypertension in a sheep model of impaired lung function. SC-45662 can be used in research on diseases of the immune system, respiratory system, etc .
CSF1R-IN-12 (compound 1) is a potent inhibitor of CSF1R. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1, also known as macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF) is an important growth factor that controls bone marrow progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, and giants. CSF1R-IN-12 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases .
TRAF-STOP inhibitor 6877002 is a selective CD40-TRAF6 interaction inhibitor. TRAF-STOP inhibitor 6877002 exerts anti-atherosclerotic activity by blocking the CD40-TRAF6 signaling pathway, inhibiting classical monocyte activation, leukocyte recruitment, and macrophage activation and migration. TRAF-STOP inhibitor 6877002 reduces the phosphorylation levels of signaling intermediates in the canonical NF-κB pathway .
Dexamethasone-d4 is deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
IBI-397 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting SIRPα/CD172a . IBI-397 promotes human monocyte-derived dendritic cell-mediated T cell proliferation and increases the expression of CD86 and HLA-DR. IBI-397 has antitumor activity in the mouse MDA-MB-231 tumor model. IBI-397 can be used in Myeloma research .
Dexamethasone-d5-1 is deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
CP-481715 is a potent, reversible and selective CCR1 antagonist with a Kd of 9.2 nM for human CCR1. CP-481715 is >100-fold selective for CCR1 as compared with a panel of G-protein-coupled receptors including related chemokine receptors. CP-481715 has the potential for rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases research .
CB2R antagonist 3 is a selective antagonist of cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R). CB2R antagonist 3 has high affinity for human CB2R and specific selectivity for CB1R. CB2R antagonist 3 can be combined with CB65 (HY-110047), the activator of CB2R. CB2R antagonist 3 effectively up-regulates the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines .
BRP-821 is a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.4 nM. BRP-821 can be used for the researches of inflammation, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological disease .
Beauvericin is a cyclohexapeptide Fusarium toxin with insecticidal, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Beauvericin causes cellular genotoxicity by producing DNA breaks, chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei, and inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway to induce apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the growth of HCC. In addition, Beauvericin affects immune function by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and interfering with the differentiation process of human monocytes into macrophages .
Dexamethasone-d5 is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses .
Dexamethasone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dexamethasone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
CSF1R-IN-13 is a potent inhibitor of CSF1R. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1, also known as macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF) is an important growth factor that controls bone marrow progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, and giants. CSF1R-IN-13 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases (extracted from patent WO2019134661A1, compound 32) .
SKF-86002 (Standard) is the analytical standard of SKF-86002. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SKF-86002 is an orally active p38 MAPK inhibitor, with anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic activities. SKF-86002 inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulate human monocyte IL-1 and TNF-α production (IC50 = 1 μM). SKF-86002 inhibits lipoxygenase- and cyclooxygenase-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid .
Selnoflast (RO7486967), formerly somalix/RG6418/IZD334, is an orally active, potent, selective and reversible small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Selnoflast is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β release stimulated by NLRP3 activation in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) monocyte-derived macrophages. Selnoflast is promising for research of AD and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
Selnoflast potassium (RO7486967 potassium), formerly somalix/RG6418/IZD334, is an orally active, potent, selective and reversible small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Selnoflast potassium is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β release stimulated by NLRP3 activation in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) monocyte-derived macrophages. Selnoflast potassium is promising for research of AD and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
GGTI-2166 is a geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase I) inhibitor. GGTI-2166 blocks geranylgeranylation modification of target proteins. GGTI-2166 inhibits RANKL- or TNF-α-induced pre-osteoclast formation and TRAP activity. GGTI-2166 is applicable to research on osteoclast differentiation .
Reproterol (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Reproterol (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Reproterol hydrochloride is a dual-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Reproterol hydrochloride is more potent than albuterol and feterol in stimulating cAMP production in human monocytes, demonstrating its potential in enhancing airway function. Furthermore, Reproterol significantly inhibited the production of LTB4, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Reproterol hydrochloride may have inhibitory effects in respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD .
Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) Water Soluble is a water-soluble form of Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and a common disease inducer in experimental animals. It can be used to construct models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has the potential to be used in COVID-19 research .(Sale size is the weight of dexamethasone)
MRS4719 is a potent P2X4 receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 0.503 μM for human P2X4 receptor. MRS4719 can reduce infarct volume and reduce brain atrophy, showing neuroprotective and neuro-rehabilitative activities in ischemic stroke model. MRS4719 also reduces ATP-induced [Ca 2+]i influx in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. MRS4719 can be used to research ischemic stroke .
SB 203580 sulfone is an analog of p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB 203580. SB 203580 sulfone inhibits the IL-1 production (IC50 of 0.2 μM in monocytes) and binds competitively with CSAID binding proteins (CSBP), inhibits it mediated stress response signaling with an IC50 of 0.03 μM. SB 203580 sulfone inhibits 5-LO with an IC50 value of 24 µM. SB 203580 sulfone can be used in the research of inflammatory diseases .
Mitoguazone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mitoguazone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mitoguazone (Methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone)) is a synthetic polycarbonyl derivative with potent antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone is a brain-penetrant and competitive S-adenosyl-methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) inhibitor that disrupts polyamine biosynthesis. Mitoguazone induces cell apoptosis. Mitoguazone inhibits HIV DNA integration into the cellular DNA in both monocytes and macrophages. Mitoguazone has the potential for acute leukemia, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment .
Selnoflast calcium (RO7486967 calcium), formerly somalix/RG6418/IZD334, is an orally active, potent, selective and reversible small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Selnoflast calcium is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β release stimulated by NLRP3 activation in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) monocyte-derived macrophages. Selnoflast calcium is promising for research of AD and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
DS-7011a is a selective inhibitor targeting TLR7. DS-7011a inhibits IL-6 production induced by TLR7 stimulation and related responses in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. DS-7011a is internalized in a TLR7-dependent manner and accumulates in B cells, various dendritic cell subsets, and monocytes/macrophages. DS-7011a can be used in research related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
Mutant IDH1-IN-1 (Agios 135) is a selective mutant IDH1 inhibitor with activity against both IDH1 R132H and IDH1 R132C. Mutant IDH1-IN-1 reduces the level of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), stabilizes mutant IDH1 protein, and restores blocked monocyte differentiation. Mutant IDH1-IN-1 can be used in tumor-related research .
Reproterol (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Reproterol (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Reproterol hydrochloride is a dual-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Reproterol hydrochloride is more potent than albuterol and feterol in stimulating cAMP production in human monocytes, demonstrating its potential in enhancing airway function. Furthermore, Reproterol significantly inhibited the production of LTB4, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Reproterol hydrochloride may have inhibitory effects in respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD .
Selnoflast (RO7486967) monopotassium, formerly somalix/RG6418/IZD334 monopotassium, is an orally active, potent, selective and reversible small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Selnoflast monopotassium is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β release stimulated by NLRP3 activation in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) monocyte-derived macrophages. Selnoflast monopotassium is promising for research of AD and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
Ferrichrome is a hydroxamate siderophore produced by various fungi, including U. sphaerogena, that facilitates iron chelation and uptake by these organisms. It can be used as a heterosiderophore by bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Ferrichrome (0.8 μM) inhibits concanavalin A-induced proliferation of mouse spleen monocytes and reduces the number of concanavalin A-stimulated CD4+ T cells expressing IL-2 receptor. It also inhibits the heme-catalyzed oxidation of LDL by hydrogen peroxide in a concentration-dependent manner.
PGN-9856 is a selective and high affinity (pKi ≥ 8.3) ligand at EP2 receptor. PGN-9856 is a potetn and non-prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist (pEC50 ≥ 8.5). PGN-9856 shows anti-inflammatory and anti-glaucoma activities .
1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE-d11 (15(S)-HETE-SAPE-d11) is deuterium labeled 1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE. 1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid that contains stearic acid (HY-B2219) at the sn-1 position and 15(S)-HETE at the sn-2 position. It is formed in human peripheral monocytes activated by the calcium ionophore A23187 (HY-N6687) by direct oxidation of 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (SAPE) by 15-LO. Phosphoethanolamine (PE) HETEs (PE-HETEs), including 1-stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE, are the main source of esterified HETE in ionophore-activated monocytes .
MIDD0301 (GL-II-93) is an orally available, active γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) inhibitor and anti-asthmatic agent. MIDD0301 exhibits biological and immunotoxicological safety in mice and does not affect the number of circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. MIDD0301 has no significant adverse immune response at repeated doses, which is better than Prednisone (HY-B0214). MIDD0301 relaxes histamine-contracted guinea pig and human airway smooth muscle and is used in the study of bronchoconstrictive diseases .
Manumycin A is a polyketide antibiotic and an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR-1). Manumycin A can inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells and exert its anti-tumor activity through LC3. Manumycin A can downregulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes stimulated by TNF α, and has potential anti-inflammatory activity. Manumycin A can inhibit the Ras/Raf/ERK1/2 signaling and hnRNP H1 in castration resistant prostate cancer cells to suppress exosome biogenesis and secretion .
DB1055 is a HOXA9 inhibitor that competes with HOXA9 binding to DNA (blocking its DNA interaction activity). DB1055 induces in vitro cell growth reduction, cell apoptosis, and differentiation in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. DB1055 leads to monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and exhibits antileukemic activities in a human THP-1 AML in vivo model. DB1055 does not impact human CD34+ bone marrow cells. DB1055 can be used for the research of acute myeloid leukemia[1].
MIDD0301 (GL-II-93) is an orally available, active γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) inhibitor and anti-asthmatic agent. MIDD0301 exhibits biological and immunotoxicological safety in mice and does not affect the number of circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. MIDD0301 has no significant adverse immune response at repeated doses, which is better than Prednisone (HY-B0214). MIDD0301 relaxes histamine-contracted guinea pig and human airway smooth muscle and is used in the study of bronchoconstrictive diseases .
Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride is a small molecular polysaccharide. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride inhibits the binding of AgW to TLR4. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride upregulates IL-10, inhibits LPS-induced upregulation of ROS, induces alternative activation of macrophages/monocytes, and suppresses LPS-induced production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride reverses the mortality of mice challenged with APAP or LPS. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride can be used in research related to Acetaminophen (HY-66005)-induced hepatotoxicity and endotoxemia .
Bindarit (AF2838) is a selective inhibitor of the monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-3/CCL7, and MCP-2/CCL8, and no effect on other CC and CXC chemokines such as MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, MIP-3/CCL23. Bindarit also has anti-inflammatory activity .
Chromium chloride is a trivalent chromium compound and an essential trace mineral. Chromium chloride enhances insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Chromium chloride regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, inhibits TNF-α secretion and oxidative stress in monocytes treated with high glucose or H2O2, and reverses hydrogen peroxide-induced cell growth inhibition. Chromium chloride reduces coronary and aortic lipid deposition and serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Chromium chloride can be used in research related to diabetes and cardiac atherosclerosis .
Human CCL5 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) protein, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. CCL5 is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ cells. It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor.
Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
endo-S-cGAFMP (Compound 3) is a STING agonist. endo-S-cGAFMP induces the production of interferon regulatory factors and proinflammatory cytokines by activating the cGAS-STING pathway, thereby enhancing innate and adaptive immune responses. endo-S-cGAFMP has potent immunostimulatory capacity in THP1 monocytes and RAW macrophages (EC50 values of 2.45 μM and 5.54 μM, respectively). endo-S-cGAFMP has significant antitumor activity. endo-S-cGAFMP can be used as a potential cancer immunotherapeutic agent, especially for studies of systemic administration .
CSF1R-IN-14 is an isoindolinone derivative compound. CSF1R-IN-14 is a potent inhibitor of CSF1R. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1, also known as macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF) is an important growth factor that controls bone marrow progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, and giants. CSF1R-IN-14 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases (extracted from patent WO2019134662A1, compound 1) .
3-O-Caffeoyl-5-O-feruloylquinic acid is a quinic acid-based phenolic compound that can be isolated from Eryngium bourgatii. 3-O-Caffeoyl-5-O-feruloylquinic acid regulates free radical scavenging and inflammatory pathways, exerting antioxidant activity through electron transfer and hydrogen atom transfer mechanisms. It also inhibits TNF-α-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and its transcripts in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
9(R)-HODE is a monohydroxy fatty acid and metabolite of linoleic acid. It is formed from linoleic acid by COX and lipoxygenase (LO).9(R)-HODE induces chemotaxis, increases the levels of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 9 (CCR9) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), and inhibits IL-6 release in primary human monocytes. It inhibits CD3α- and CD28-induced proliferation of isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes when used at a concentration of 25 μg/mL.
Beauvericin- 13C45 is 13C labeled Beauvericin (HY-N6739). Beauvericin is a cyclohexapeptide Fusarium toxin with insecticidal, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Beauvericin causes cellular genotoxicity by producing DNA breaks, chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei, and inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway to induce apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the growth of HCC. In addition, Beauvericin affects immune function by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and interfering with the differentiation process of human monocytes into macrophages .
STAT3-IN-31 (compound K2071) is a STATtic-derived STAT3 and mitotic inhibitor. STAT3-IN-31 blocks mitotic progression and affects the formation of mitotic spindles. STAT3-IN-31 also affects glioblastoma cell migration and inhibits cell proliferation in tumor spheroids. STAT3-IN-31 is also able to induce glioblastoma senescence, inhibit the growth of Temozolomide (HY-17364)-resistant cells and the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine monocyte chemoattractant protein MCP-1 .
Wiskostatin is a potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP)-mediated actin polymerization by stabilization of the closed, autoinhibited conformation, thereby preventing Arp2/3 complex activation. Wiskostatin is also a dynamin inhibitor with an IC50 value of 20.7 μM and a potent inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis with an IC50 value of 6.9 μM. Wiskostatin causes a rapid, profound, and irreversible decrease in cellular ATP levels. Wiskostatin also induces disassembly of podosomes in a murine monocyte cell line .
MRS4719-d3 is the deuterium labeled MRS4719 (HY-151547). MRS4719 is a potent P2X4 receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 0.503 μM for human P2X4 receptor. MRS4719 can reduce infarct volume and reduce brain atrophy, showing neuroprotective and neuro-rehabilitative activities in ischemic stroke model. MRS4719 also reduces ATP-induced [Ca 2+]i influx in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. MRS4719 can be used to research ischemic stroke .
AUR1545 is a selective KAT2A/KAT2B ((GCN5/PCAF)) PROTAC degrader that induces monocyte differentiation and inhibits the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells. AUR1545 inhibits cell growth, induces epithelial differentiation and suppresses tumor growth in small cell lung cancer models. AUR1545 inhibits cell growth and induces differentiation in neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells and primary patient-derived organoids. AUR1545 is applicable to research related to acute myeloid leukemia, small cell lung cancer and neuroendocrine prostate cancer .
SB-328437 is a potent, selective non-peptide CCR3 antagonist with an IC50 of 4.5 nM. SB-328437 can inhibit eosinophil migration induced by eotaxin, eotaxin-2, and monocyte chemotactic protein-4. In addition, SB-328437 can sensitize 5-FU (HY-90006)-resistant gastric cancer cells. SB-328437 can also reduce the recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs and pulmonary inflammation during acute inflammation. SB-328437 can be used in the research of inflammation-related diseases .
SMU-14a is a selective Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) inhibitor wirh an IC50 of 0.18 μM. SMU-14a reduces phosphorylation of p65, ERK, and TBK1 via NF-κB, MAPK, and IRF3 signaling pathways. SMU-14a inhibits IL-6 secretion in mouse peritoneal macrophages, downregulates TNF-α in human peripheral blood monocytes and decreases serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. SMU-14a can be used for the research of acute hepatitis .
EOS006215 (EOS-215) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting TREM-2. EOS006215 competes with TREM2 ligands, prevents TREM2 multimerization, and blocks downstream signaling. EOS006215 inhibits efferocytosis, reprograms transcriptomic profiles of monocyte-derived macrophages, alters metabolism and immune response genes, and increases pro-inflammatory marker secretion. EOS006215 reduces metastasis burden, delays tumor growth, and reprograms the tumor microenvironment to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance. EOS006215 can be used for the research of triple negative breast cancer and colorectal cancer .
GSTO1-IN-6 is an allosteric and covalent GSTO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 457 nM. GSTO1-IN-6 markedly reduces Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (HY-D1056)-induced IL-1β (IC50 of 1.9 μM) and IL-18 (IC50 of 10. μM) secretion in human monocyte-derived macrophages. GSTO1-IN-6 covalently modifies GSTO1-Cys32, inducing conformational changes and protein destabilization. GSTO1-IN-6 can be used for the research of inflammatory diseases .
Antcin K is a selective inhibitor targeting the PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MEK1/2-ERK, p38 and AP-1 pathways. Antcin K upregulates IL-10 expression, thereby inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory factors, blocking monocyte adhesion, reducing tissue damage, and promoting myogenesis. Antcin K has significant anti-inflammatory, anti-damage and tissue protective activities. Antcin K is mainly used in the research of inflammation-related diseases such as periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and skeletal muscle injury .
TOP1210 is a narrow-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent inhibitory activity against P38α, Src, and Syk kinases. TOP1210 effectively reduced proinflammatory cytokines released by peripheral blood monocytes, primary macrophages, HT29 cells, inflammatory cells in ulcerative colitis (UC) biopsies, and myofibroblasts isolated from inflamed colonic UC mucosa. TOP1210 showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in cell experiments and UC biopsies, superior to some selective kinase inhibitors. The multi-kinase inhibition of TOP1210 provides the possibility of obtaining a wider range of therapeutic effects, especially in the regulation of autoimmune responses .
NVP-ABE171 is an efficient, long-lasting and orally active PDE4 inhibitor with IC50 values for PDE4D, PDE4B, PDE4A and PDE4C of 1.5, 34, 602 and 1230 nM respectively. NVP-ABE171 enhances the cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol, inhibits the oxidative burst of eosinophils and the release of inflammatory cytokines from T cells and monocytes. NVP-ABE171 exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of asthma and pulmonary inflammation. NVP-ABE171 can be used for research on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
AVP-13358 is an orally active IgE inhibitor that effectively suppresses immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated immune responses, with IC50 values of 8 and 3 nM for IgE inhibition in vivo and in vitro in BALB/c mice, respectively. AVP-13358 acts directly on T cells, inhibiting the production and release of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. It also targets other markers critical for the development of allergic responses, including the B cell IgE receptor (CD23) in human monocytes and the CD23 and IL-4 receptors in mouse B cells. AVP-13358 can be used in research related to anti-allergic responses .
(-)-U-50488 hydrochloride ((-)-Trans-(1S,2S)-U-50488 hydrochloride) is a selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist (b>Kd=2.2 nM) over μ-opioid receptor (MOR) (b>Kd=430 nM). (-)-U-50488 hydrochloride is a more active enantiomer than (+)?trans-(1R,2R) U-50488 (HY-15997A)?or the (±)?trans-racemic mixture U-50488 (HY-15997B). (-)-U-50488 hydrochloride has a potent and sustained anti-HIV effect in fected blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) .
AZ876 is a selective, orally active agonist of liver X receptor (LXRα/β) (Ki=0.007 μM [LXRα, human], 0.011 μM [LXRβ, human]. AZ876 induces the expression of target genes such as ABCA1 and ABCG1, promotes reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and regulates lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory effects. AZ876 increases cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, reduces myocardial fibrosis, and reduces lesion area and monocyte adhesion in atherosclerosis models. AZ876 can be used in cardiovascular disease research, such as preventing and treating β-adrenergic-induced cardiac diastolic dysfunction and inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis .
Roquinimex (Linomide) is an orally active immunomodulator with antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic activity. Roquinimex suppresses TH1 lymphocyte cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ), promotes TH2 lymphocyte cytokines (IL-4, IL-10), increases NK cell, activated monocyte, and T cell activity. Roquinimex blocks macrophage TNF-α production and suppresses IL-1/IL-6 secretion. Roquinimex exhibits in vivo antitumour activity, suppresses rodent autoimmune disease signs, and ameliorates murine colitis and psoriasis. Roquinimex can be used for the research of leukemia, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis .
Fibrin is an insoluble protein found in blood that is produced in response to bleeding. As the main component of blood clots, fibrin functions in blood coagulation. Fibrin binds to the integrins ICAM-1, VE-cadherin, αIIbβ3, αMβ2, αvβ3 and α5β1. Fibrin is used in research related to chronic wounds .
MEDI-3185 is a potent CXCR4 antagonist. MEDI-3185 binds CXCR4 via CDR3H and ECL2 β-strand/β-strand interaction, blocks SDF-1 access and displaces SDF-1. MEDI-3185 can be used for the research of hematologic tumors, ovarian tumors .
NK7-902 diTFA is a selective and orally active CRBN-dependent NEK7 molecular glue degrader with Kd values of 1.5 and 2.6 μM for hNEK7 and mNEK7. NK7-902 diTFA fully degrades NEK7 in human primary monocytes and whole blood but only partially inhibits NLRP3-dependent IL-1β production. NK7-902 diTFA shows activity in murine systems and induces a profound and long-lasting NEK7 degradation but only transiently blocks NLRP3 inflammasome activation. NK7-902 diTFA can be used for the research of inflammation, such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes .
PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-13 (Degrader 1) is a selective IRAK4PROTAC degrader with DC50s of 0.86 and 1.1 nM for monocytes and lymphocytes in PBMCs, respectively. PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-13 significantly induces TIR signal activation, and inhibits the expression of circulating proinflammatory cytokines in Imiquimod (HY-B0180) induced psoriasis mice model. PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-13 can be used for TLR- and IL-1R-driven driven neutrophilic inflammation diseases like hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and atopic dermatitis (AD) research . Pink: IRAK4 ligand; Blue: E3 ligase ligand; Black: linker
Propagermanium is an orally active and selective CCR2 inhibitor. Propagermanium enhances IFN-γ, IL-2, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, and unspecified cytokine production, and induces mature cytolytic NK cell subsets. Propagermanium reduces HBe antigen and HBV DNA polymerase levels, promotes HBV clearance and lowers serum ALT. Propagermanium downregulates STAT1, inhibits pro-inflammatory microglia polarization, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and monocyte/macrophage infiltration. Propagermanium can be used for the research of chronic hepatitis B, atherosclerosis, breast cancer, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, refractory gastric cancer, multiple myeloma, type 2 diabetes .
AGU654 (Compound 44) is a selective mPGES-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.9 nM against mPGES-1. AGU654 inhibits mPGES-1 to block the pathway converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by COX-1/2, thereby alleviating inflammatory responses, pain, and fever. In activated human monocyte-derived macrophages and human whole blood models, AGU654 selectively suppresses bacterial exotoxin-induced PGE2 production while preserving the production of other prostaglandins. In guinea pig models, AGU654 significantly alleviates fever, inflammation, and inflammatory pain, exhibiting excellent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. AGU654 holds promise as a strategy for studying inflammatory diseases and pain .
Roquinimex (Standard) is the analytical standard of Roquinimex (HY-13743). Roquinimex (Linomide) is an orally active immunomodulator with antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic activity. Roquinimex suppresses TH1 lymphocyte cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ), promotes TH2 lymphocyte cytokines (IL-4, IL-10), increases NK cell, activated monocyte, and T cell activity. Roquinimex blocks macrophage TNF-α production and suppresses IL-1/IL-6 secretion. Roquinimex exhibits in vivo antitumour activity, suppresses rodent autoimmune disease signs, and ameliorates murine colitis and psoriasis. Roquinimex can be used for the research of leukemia, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis .
SB-328437 (Standard) is the analytical standard of SB-328437 (HY-103363). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SB-328437 is a potent, selective non-peptide CCR3 antagonist with an IC50 of 4.5 nM. SB-328437 can inhibit eosinophil migration induced by eotaxin, eotaxin-2, and monocyte chemotactic protein-4. In addition, SB-328437 can sensitize 5-FU (HY-90006)-resistant gastric cancer cells. SB-328437 can also reduce the recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs and pulmonary inflammation during acute inflammation. SB-328437 can be used in the research of inflammation-related diseases .
BODIPY-DOX is a conjugate composed of BODIPY and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), as well as a pH-activated fluorescent probe for M1 macrophages and an apoptosis inducer. BODIPY-DOX undergoes pH-induced hydrazone bond cleavage in acidic M1 macrophage phagosomes, thereby releasing cytotoxic Doxorubicin (Dox) and inhibiting the function of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. BODIPY-DOX highly selectively inhibits the production of relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines by mouse and human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages, while exerting minimal effects on M2 or unactivated macrophages. Therefore, BODIPY-DOX enables simultaneous fluorescent tracing, differentiation and elimination of specific macrophage subsets, and exhibits the potential to regulate tissue regeneration in zebrafish models .
p38 MAPK-IN-11 is a CSBP (p38 MAPK) kinase inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.15 μM (binding activity) and 0.21 μM (inhibitory activity). p38 MAPK-IN-11 shows weak inhibitory activity against PKCα kinase, with an IC50 of 7.6 μM. p38 MAPK-IN-11 inhibits the production of IL-1. p38 MAPK-IN-11 also acts as a β-lactam antibiotic potentiator, but has no antibacterial activity itself .
Tropisetron is an orally active 5-HT3R antagonist (Ki = 5.3 nM) as well as being a potent and selective α7 nicotinic partial agonist (EC50 = 1.3 μM). Tropisetron prevents phosphorylation and activation of the p38 MAPK. Tropisetron inhibits both IL-2 gene transcription and IL-2 synthesis in stimulated T cells. Tropisetron inhibits the binding to DNA and the transcriptional activity of NFAT and AP-1. Tropisetron is anti-inflammatory and antiemetic. Tropisetron has antitumor and neuroprotective effects. Tropisetron can be studied in research for diseases including hemorrhagic cystitis, chronic joint inflammation, lung cancer and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion .
Lactulose is an orally active galactose-fructose disaccharide. Lactulose suppresses upregulation of TNF-α and IL-6. Lactulose decreases the degree of DNA damage. Lactulose exhibits many of the properties of other oligosaccharides, including increasing the numbers of Bifidobacteria in feces. Lactulose restores the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, mitigates inflammation, and suppresses inflammatory tumorigenesis in mice with colitis-associated cancer. Lactulose can be used in the research of constipation .
TL-895 is a potent, orally active, ATP-competitive, and highly selective irreversible BTK inhibitor. TL-895 is active against recombinant BTK (average IC50: 1.5 nM) and inhibits only three additional kinases BLK, BMX (IC50 = 1.6 nM) and TXK with IC50 within tenfold of BTK activity. TL-895 inhibits BTK auto-phosphorylation at the Y223 phosphorylation site (IC50: 1-10 nM). The TL-895 effectively inhibits the production of inflammatory factors such as IL-8, IL-1β, MCP-1 and TNF-α by monocytes or macrophages, and reduces the chemotactic migration of MF cells towards SDF-1. TL-895 is used be for studies of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), myelofibrosis (MF), and B-cell malignancies .
E913 is a CCR5 antagonist that competes with the binding of antibodies to CCR5 which recognize the C-terminal half of the second extracellular loop (ECL2B) of CCR5. E913 can specifically block the binding of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) to CCR5 (IC50 = 0.002 μM) and MIP-1alpha-elicited cellular Ca 2+ mobilization (IC50 = 0.02 μM). E913 inhibits the replication of laboratory and primary R5 HIV-1 strains as well as various multidrug-resistant monocyte/macrophage tropic (R5) HIV-1 (IC50 = 0.03-0.06 μM). E913 can be used for the research of infection, such as HIV-1 infection .
LCC-12 (formate) is a copper (II) chelator and a derivative of the biguanide metformin (HY-B0627). LCC-12 (formate) reduces its hydrogen peroxide-dependent oxidation of NADH to NAD+. LCC-12 (formate) reduces IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels, as well as JAK2, STAT2, and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) levels in primary human cytokine-activated monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). LCC-12 (formate) reduces the number of CD80+ and CD86+ cytokine-activated MDMs. LCC-12 LCC-12 (formate) improves survival in a mouse model of sepsis induced by LPS or cecal ligation and puncture .
AZ876 (Standard) is the analytical standard of AZ876. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. AZ876 is a selective, orally active agonist of liver X receptor (LXRα/β) (Ki=0.007 μM [LXRα, human], 0.011 μM [LXRβ, human]. AZ876 induces the expression of target genes such as ABCA1 and ABCG1, promotes reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and regulates lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory effects. AZ876 increases cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, reduces myocardial fibrosis, and reduces lesion area and monocyte adhesion in atherosclerosis models. AZ876 can be used in cardiovascular disease research, such as preventing and treating β-adrenergic-induced cardiac diastolic dysfunction and inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis .
Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) is an anti-mouse IL-1b IgG monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) enhances ferroptosis and increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) combined with Sulfasalazine (SAS) (HY-14655). Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) can reduce monocyte infiltration and alleviate T cell exhaustion by blocking IL-1β signaling. Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) can be used for researches on cancer and cardiovascular conditions such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), glioblastoma (GBM) and heart failure .
ES009 is a high-affinity LILRB2 antagonist, with IC50 values of 14.07 nM and 18.61 nM for inhibiting hLILRB2-huANGPTL3 and hLILRB2-huANGPTL4, respectively. ES009 specifically blocks the interactions between LILRB2 and MHC class I as well as non-MHC ligands, thereby effectively inhibiting receptor activation. ES009 can reprogram anti-inflammatory myeloid cells and induce their conversion to a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and also reverse the T cell suppression mediated by macrophages. When combined with anti-PD-1 blockade therapy, ES009 synergistically enhances T cell activation. ES009 can be used in research related to advanced solid tumors and ovarian cancer .
G3-YSD is a cGAS agonist. G3-YSD directly interacts with cGAS to enhance its enzymatic activity, promote the conversion of ATP and GTP into cGAMP, and trigger STING-dependent IFN-α/β secretion. G3-YSD acts as a viral mimic to replace actual viral DNA . G3-YSD is applicable to research related to long COVID and type 1 human immunodeficiency virus infection .
Imidapril (TA-6366 free base) is an orally active dual inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and MMP-9. Imidapril inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun, MKK4 and JNK in monocytes, and downregulates the production of specific inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IP-10, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory activity. Imidapril also effectively ameliorates mesangial expansion and reduces urinary albumin excretion by inhibiting angiotensin AngII production, lowering glomerular pressure and oxidative stress, thus delaying disease progression. Imidapril can also directly bind to the active site of MMP-9 to inhibit gelatinase activity, and suppress the enlargement of cerebral aneurysms without altering systemic blood pressure. Imidapril is widely applicable to related studies on autoimmune glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral aneurysms and other conditions .
WK88-1 is an apoptosis inducer and Hsp90 client protein inhibitor with antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. WK88-1 inhibits signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and NF-κB, and induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cell cycle arrest. WK88-1 effectively suppresses cancer cell migration and invasion, and reverses various EGFR mutations and resistance to Gefitinib (HY-50895). WK88-1 also regulates the differentiation of monocytes and dendritic cells, blocks the expression of multiple chemokines, inhibits immune cell migration and M1 marker transcription, and restores impaired endocytic activity. WK88-1 has been used in studies of breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer with various EGFR mutations or Met amplification, and atherosclerosis and other related diseases .
PPACK is a potent, peptidic inhibitor targeting thrombin and granzyme GZMK. PPACK specifically blocks the activities of thrombin and GZMK, thereby inhibiting thrombin-mediated PAR-1 cleavage, as well as downstream inflammatory and procoagulant signaling pathways. Through stabilizing IκB proteins, blocking NF-κB activation and reducing systemic levels of proinflammatory/procoagulant biomarkers, PPACK exerts multiple effects including anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, barrier repair, and inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque progression. PPACK binds to platelets without interference from kininogen, effectively limiting acute thrombus growth and reducing eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia in asthma models. PPACK is an important tool molecule for investigating the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, asthma and related thromboinflammatory diseases .
Vidutolimod (CMP-001) is a virus-like particle containing a TLR9 activator . Vidutolimod induces human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to secrete IFNα, and upregulates the gene expression of CXCL10, PDL1, IDO and CD80. Vidutolimod activates TLR9, which in turn triggers plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation, production of IFNγ and TNFα, induction of CXCL10, and recruitment of antitumor T cells. Vidutolimod causes influenza-like symptoms, hypotension and tumor regression, and its activity depends on the presence of anti-Qβ antibodies. Vidutolimod modulates monocyte function, promotes CD4 T cell proliferation, and activates multiple immune cell types in an environment with anti-Qβ antibodies. Vidutolimod prolongs the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Vidutolimod is used in research related to advanced melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and advanced non-small cell lung cancer .
Imidapril-d3 hydrochloride (TA-6366-d3) is the deuterium labeled Imidapril hydrochloride. Imidapril hydrochloride (TA-6366) is an orally active dual inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and MMP-9. Imidapril hydrochloride inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun, MKK4 and JNK in monocytes, and downregulates the production of specific inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IP-10, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory activity. Imidapril hydrochloride also effectively ameliorates mesangial expansion and reduces urinary albumin excretion by inhibiting angiotensin AngII production, lowering glomerular pressure and oxidative stress, thus delaying disease progression. Imidapril hydrochloride can also directly bind to the active site of MMP-9 to inhibit gelatinase activity, and suppress the enlargement of cerebral aneurysms without altering systemic blood pressure. Imidapril hydrochloride is widely applicable to related studies on autoimmune glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral aneurysms and other conditions .
Imidapril (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Imidapril (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Imidapril hydrochloride (TA-6366) is an orally active dual inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and MMP-9. Imidapril hydrochloride inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun, MKK4 and JNK in monocytes, and downregulates the production of specific inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IP-10, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory activity. Imidapril hydrochloride also effectively ameliorates mesangial expansion and reduces urinary albumin excretion by inhibiting angiotensin AngII production, lowering glomerular pressure and oxidative stress, thus delaying disease progression. Imidapril hydrochloride can also directly bind to the active site of MMP-9 to inhibit gelatinase activity, and suppress the enlargement of cerebral aneurysms without altering systemic blood pressure. Imidapril hydrochloride is widely applicable to related studies on autoimmune glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral aneurysms and other conditions .
WWL229 is a selective inhibitor of carboxylesterase 3 (CES3) with an IC50 1.94 μM. WWL229 attenuates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels, inhibits lipolysis and adipose thermogenesis, impairs mitochondrial function, and promotes lipid storage. WWL229 can be used for the research of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and lung inflammation .
Nampt activator-4 is an orally active NAMPT activator, with an EC50 of 58 nM and a Ka of 85.38 nM against human NAMPT. Nampt activator-4 effectively relieves the feedback inhibition of nicotinamide and NAD +, thereby enhancing enzymatic activity and significantly increasing intracellular NAD + levels. Nampt activator-4 exhibits moderate stability in human and mouse liver microsomes. Nampt activator-4 shows low to moderate inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450 (especially CYP3A4). Nampt activator-4 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders .
PSB-16671 is an allosteric agonist of GPR84. PSB-16671 recruits β-arrestins and couples to Gi, enhances the Gi activation potency of orthosteric agonists, and exerts a synergistic effect with orthosteric agonists. PSB-16671 promotes G protein activation and partial chemotaxis independent of GPR84 in mouse neutrophils, maintains the phagocytic function of macrophages against cancer cells without inducing receptor desensitization. PSB-16671 can be used in cancer-related research .
Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin (LTL) (Biotinylated) is a biotinylated derivative of Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin (HY-NP070), with both sugar-binding specificity and biotin labeling. Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin (Biotinylated) is used to detect proteins, glycoproteins and lectins on nitrocellulose membranes .
Resolvin D5 is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent produced in M2 macrophages. Resolvin D5 alleviates Paclitaxel (HY-B0015)-induced mechanical allodynia and inflammatory pain by activating the GPR32 receptor, with gender specificity (effective only in male mice) and independence from TRPV1 or TRPA1 channels. Resolvin D5 attenuates LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation, downregulates proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and CCL5, inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and osteoclastogenesis, promotes regulatory T cell differentiation, and shows no cytotoxicity to human monocytes. The level of Resolvin D5 is elevated in arthritic SKG mice, but Resolvin D5 has no effect on dendritic cell differentiation or M1 macrophage polarization, nor does it prevent ZyA-induced arthritis progression. Resolvin D5 is suitable for research related to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, inflammatory pain and rheumatoid arthritis .
IO-108 is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody and a competitive inhibitor of LILRB2, with a KD value of 1.97 nM. IO-108 competitively blocks the binding of LILRB2 to its ligands including HLA-G, MHC-I, ANGPTL2 and SEMA4A, reprograms tumor-associated myeloid cells, drives the conversion of suppressive myeloid cells into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and restores the cytotoxic activity of T cells and NK cells. IO-108 inhibits tumor growth in LILRB2 transgenic mouse models. IO-108 can be used for the research of solid tumors .
TLR7/8 agonist 13 is an orally active dual agonist of TLR7 (lowest effective concentrations (LEC) [hTLR7] = 1.6 μM) and TLR8 (LEC [hTLR8] = 1.6 μM). TLR7/8 agonist 13 exhibits agonistic activity against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) (LEC [hPBMC] = 0.5 μM). TLR7/8 agonist 13 induces endogenous IFNα, activating myeloid dendritic cells and monocytes toward a TH1 phenotype in mice and cynomolgus monkeys. TLR7/8 agonist 13 reduces viral load and HBV surface antigen expression in a mouse model of chronic AAV-HBV infection. TLR7/8 agonist 13 has the potential to indirectly induce IFNγ, which may promote HBV antigen-specific CD8 T cell-mediated responses. TLR7/8 agonist 13 can be used to study hepatitis B virus .
Trichodimerol (BMS-182123) is a TNF-α promoter inhibitor that inhibits the activity of lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion. Trichodimerol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α promoter activity, reduces steady-state TNF-α mRNA expression, and does not alter the stability of TNF-α mRNA. Trichodimerol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α secretion in murine and human immune cells. Trichodimerol reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1β secretion by 25%-50% in vitro. Trichodimerol does not alter total protein synthesis or constitutive lysozyme secretion at effective concentrations. Trichodimerol can be used for the research of septic shock .
cLABL is a cyclic peptide that specifically binds to ICAM‑1. cLABL mediates targeted enrichment and rapid endocytosis of nanoparticles. cLABL is applicable to researches such as precise drug delivery at inflammatory sites .
Atizoram (CP-80,633) is an orally active phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor. Atizoram blocks cAMP degradation, thereby increasing intracellular and plasma cAMP levels. Atizoram inhibits TNFα release. Atizoram can be used in research related to acute respiratory distress syndrome .
UM-200 is a covalent STING inhibitor with an EC50 of 1.10 μM. UM-200 covalently modifies the cysteine residues C292 or C309 of STING, thereby blocking its oligomerization and downstream signal transduction. UM-200 inhibits STING-dependent phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3. UM-200 inhibits the STING signaling pathway in mouse models. UM-200 can be used for research on STING-driven inflammatory and autoimmune diseases .
iNOs-IN-9 (Compound 10) is a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor with an IC50 of 82 nM against hiNOS. iNOs-IN-9 reduces cytokine-induced inflammatory responses and cell necrosis in inflammatory cell models. iNOs-IN-9 can be used for research related to psoriasis .
ISIS 104838 is an antisense oligonucleotide targeting TNF-α. ISIS 104838 specifically binds to human TNF-α mRNA via Watson-Crick base pairing to form a DNA:RNA hybrid duplex, thereby recruiting the ubiquitously expressed intracellular enzyme RNase H to degrade the target mRNA and inhibit TNF-α protein synthesis at the transcriptional level. ISIS 104838 induces moderate, self-limiting thrombocytopenia in cynomolgus monkeys. ISIS 104838 can be used for the study of inflammatory diseases .
Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside is an orally active glycoside found in Rhubarb. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis, recovers altered lincRNA ANRIL and let-7a expression, reverses high glucose-altered Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, and inhibits TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside accelerates Sennoside A (HY-N0365) metabolism, stimulates sennoside A purgative activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside inhibits bacterial biofilm formation, suppresses its virulence gene expression, and exerts antibacterial activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside can be used for the research of diabetic nephropathy, constipation, and infection .
diABZI-4 is a STING activator and broad-spectrum antiviral agent with immunostimulatory activity. diABZI-4 triggers the TBK1-IRF3 and NF-κB signaling cascades by inducing STING oligomerization, thereby promoting the production of type I/III interferons and various proinflammatory cytokines. diABZI-4 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity and effectively inhibits the replication of influenza A virus, SARS-CoV-2, herpes simplex virus, and other viruses. diABZI-4 also activates lymphocytes and macrophages to provide significant pre- and post-exposure protection in viral disease models. diABZI-4 can be used to study COVID-19, respiratory viral infections, and related immunopathological mechanisms .
Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus .
Phellopterin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phellopterin. Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus.
APC-Cy7 is an APC-tandem fluorochrome (allophycocyanin-cyanine 7) and degradable fluorochrome, with maximum absorption at ~650 nm, peak emission at 767 nm when excited by a 633 nm red laser, and cell-dependent degradation. APC-Cy7 undergoes time-dependent degradation (decoupling) when bound to peripheral blood leukocytes, leading to nonspecific APC channel signal, with degradation cell type-dependent. APC-Cy7 shows reduced degradation when immunolabeled cells have inhibited metabolic activity or are incubated with vitamin C. APC-Cy7 serves as a tandem fluorochrome in multiparametric flow cytometry for detection of leukocyte surface proteins when conjugated to specific antibodies (Ex/Em = 650 nm/778 nm) .
SNX-7081 is an Hsp90 inhibitor with Ki and IC50 values of 26 nM and 44 nM, respectively. SNX-7081 blocks the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, attenuates the ERK/JNK and PDGF signaling pathways, and suppresses LPS (HY-D1056)-induced nitric oxide production. SNX-7081 inhibits DNA repair, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest, and triggers apoptosis via downregulation of MYC/nucleolin and activation of Fas. SNX-7081 can be used in research related to rheumatoid arthritis and cancer .
DT-5461 is an IL-1 and TNF-α antagonist. DT-5461 competitively binds lipid A-binding sites on macrophage receptors, blocks LPS (HY-D1056)-initiated signaling, inhibits LPS-induced cytokine release, prevents LPS-induced serum cytokine production in mice, and protects against LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia. DT-5461 can be used for the research of lethal endotoxemia, medullary tubular mammary carcinoma, poorly differentiated colon adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell lung carcinoma, and gelatinous gastric adenocarcinoma .
Catestatin sCst is a negative control peptide with a scrambled amino acid sequence. Catestatin sCst fails to activate human mast cells and is used to verify the specificity of Catestatin action .
PNU-142586 sodiu) is the major metabolite of Linezolid (HY-10394). PNU-142586 can inhibit the activity of DNA topoisomerase 2-α (TOP2A) and DNA topoisomerase 2-β (TOP2B). PNU-142586 interferes with DNA replication and transcription by blocking the binding of DNA to TOP2 and inhibiting ATP hydrolysis, ultimately leading to antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects, including mitochondrial dysfunction. PNU-142586 can be used to study Linezolid-induced hematotoxicity and its molecular mechanism .
IRF5-CPP5 is a cytosolic peptide that selectively targeting human IRF5 wirh a Kd of 0.53 μM.IRF5-CPP5 disrupts IRF5 homodimerization and inhibits its nuclear translocation without altering IRF5 phosphorylation levels. IRF5-CPP5 inhibits proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) production. IRF5-CPP5 can be used for the research of systemic lupus erythematosus .
Murine Thrombin is a murine serine protease that plays a central role in blood coagulation. Murine Thrombin stimulates macrophages to polarize into a unique phenotype characterized by anti-inflammatory and pro-repair properties. Murine Thrombin activates PAR1, induces the production of MCP-1, MMP3 and VEGF in mouse intervertebral discs, and causes degradation of the cartilage matrix and destruction of intervertebral disc structure. Murine Thrombin activity increases significantly in paraoxon-induced status epilepticus .
Fulvic Acid is a natural product, which comes from humic substances produced by microorganisms in soil. Fulvic Acid can modulate the immune system, influence the oxidative state of cells, and improve gastrointestinal function. Fulvic Acid has the potential for researching chronic inflammatory diseases, including diabetes .
Trapidil (AR-12008) is an orally active vasodilator and antiplatelet agent. Trapidil antagonizes platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), inhibits phosphodiesterase, thromboxane A2 synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Trapidil promotes prostacyclin biosynthesis, reduces lipid peroxidation, regulates nitric oxide metabolism, and inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Trapidil exerts tissue-protective effects, regulates bone turnover, and inhibits pyroptosis via the GPX3/Nrf2 pathway. Trapidil is applicable to research related to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, chronic stable angina, restenosis, meningioma, diabetic cardiomyopathy and peripheral nerve crush injury .
PE-Cy5 is a tandem fluorescent dye commonly used in flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and cell biology research. It is formed by the covalent linkage of two fluorescent molecules, namely phycoerythrin and CY5. PE-Cy5 binds to human FcγRI (CD64), and this binding can be blocked by human pooled serum, anti-CD64 monoclonal antibodies targeting the ligand-binding region, or aggregated IgG. PE-Cy5 supports three-color flow cytometry analysis, and whole blood staining can partially reduce its non-specific binding (Ex/Em = 450-500 nm/665 nm) .
BODIPY 480/508-cholesteryl linoleate is a cell-permeable and fluorescently tagged derivative of Cholesteryl Linoleate (HY-W010697). BODIPY 480/508-cholesteryl linoleate has been used to monitor cholesterol trafficking in isolated human monocyte-derived macrophages (Ex/Em=480/508 nm).
PE-CF594 is a labeled monoclonal antibody conjugate that specifically binds to HLA-DR on the surface of monocytes and B cells, while acting as a signal attenuator. Through steric hindrance and a possible fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism, PE-CF594 specifically reduces the fluorescence intensity of PE-CD124 staining, but does not interfere with the staining of other PE-labeled antibodies such as CD40, CD4 or CD14. PE-CF594 can also be used to detect the emission signal of mt-Keima after excitation with a 561-nm laser, thereby effectively evaluating mitophagy activity .
BODIPY-DOX is a conjugate composed of BODIPY and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), as well as a pH-activated fluorescent probe for M1 macrophages and an apoptosis inducer. BODIPY-DOX undergoes pH-induced hydrazone bond cleavage in acidic M1 macrophage phagosomes, thereby releasing cytotoxic Doxorubicin (Dox) and inhibiting the function of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. BODIPY-DOX highly selectively inhibits the production of relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines by mouse and human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages, while exerting minimal effects on M2 or unactivated macrophages. Therefore, BODIPY-DOX enables simultaneous fluorescent tracing, differentiation and elimination of specific macrophage subsets, and exhibits the potential to regulate tissue regeneration in zebrafish models .
APC-Cy7 is an APC-tandem fluorochrome (allophycocyanin-cyanine 7) and degradable fluorochrome, with maximum absorption at ~650 nm, peak emission at 767 nm when excited by a 633 nm red laser, and cell-dependent degradation. APC-Cy7 undergoes time-dependent degradation (decoupling) when bound to peripheral blood leukocytes, leading to nonspecific APC channel signal, with degradation cell type-dependent. APC-Cy7 shows reduced degradation when immunolabeled cells have inhibited metabolic activity or are incubated with vitamin C. APC-Cy7 serves as a tandem fluorochrome in multiparametric flow cytometry for detection of leukocyte surface proteins when conjugated to specific antibodies (Ex/Em = 650 nm/778 nm) .
PE-Cy5 is a tandem fluorescent dye commonly used in flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and cell biology research. It is formed by the covalent linkage of two fluorescent molecules, namely phycoerythrin and CY5. PE-Cy5 binds to human FcγRI (CD64), and this binding can be blocked by human pooled serum, anti-CD64 monoclonal antibodies targeting the ligand-binding region, or aggregated IgG. PE-Cy5 supports three-color flow cytometry analysis, and whole blood staining can partially reduce its non-specific binding (Ex/Em = 450-500 nm/665 nm) .
Lysophosphatidylcholines is an orally active lysolipid and a component of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL). Lysophosphatidylcholines induces cell injury, the production of IL-1β and apoptosis. Lysophosphatidylcholines has a proactive effect on sepsis .
Whole Glucan Particles is a Dectin-1a agonist. Whole Glucan Particles activates the innate immune system to improve the function of macrophages, monocytes and other immune cells .
Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin (LTL) (Biotinylated) is a biotinylated derivative of Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin (HY-NP070), with both sugar-binding specificity and biotin labeling. Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin (Biotinylated) is used to detect proteins, glycoproteins and lectins on nitrocellulose membranes .
ImmTher is a liposome-encapsulated lipophilic disaccharide tripeptide derivative of muramyl dipeptide. ImmTher can up-regulate specific monocyte cytokine genes and activate monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity .
Jagged-1 (188-204) is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
Jagged-1 (188-204) TFA is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
IRF5-CPP5 is a cytosolic peptide that selectively targeting human IRF5 wirh a Kd of 0.53 μM.IRF5-CPP5 disrupts IRF5 homodimerization and inhibits its nuclear translocation without altering IRF5 phosphorylation levels. IRF5-CPP5 inhibits proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) production. IRF5-CPP5 can be used for the research of systemic lupus erythematosus .
HLF1-11, a human lactoferrin-derived peptide, is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent. HLF1-11 inhibits human MPO activity. HLF1-11 also directs GM-CSF-driven monocyte differentiation toward macrophages, and enhances immune responses .
PPACK is a potent, peptidic inhibitor targeting thrombin and granzyme GZMK. PPACK specifically blocks the activities of thrombin and GZMK, thereby inhibiting thrombin-mediated PAR-1 cleavage, as well as downstream inflammatory and procoagulant signaling pathways. Through stabilizing IκB proteins, blocking NF-κB activation and reducing systemic levels of proinflammatory/procoagulant biomarkers, PPACK exerts multiple effects including anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, barrier repair, and inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque progression. PPACK binds to platelets without interference from kininogen, effectively limiting acute thrombus growth and reducing eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia in asthma models. PPACK is an important tool molecule for investigating the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, asthma and related thromboinflammatory diseases .
Romurtide (Muroctasin), a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, is a cytokines inducer. Romurtide can increase peripheral neutrophils and monocytesin vivo and enhance production of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), IL-1 and IL-6in vitro .
MMK1 is a potent and selective human formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1/FPR2) agonist with EC50s of <2 nM and >10000 nM for FPRL-1 and FPR1, respectively. MMK1 is a potent chemotactic and calcium-mobilizing agonist. MMK1 potently activates phagocytic leukocytes and enhances Pertussis Toxin-sensitive production by human monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6. MMK1 exerts anxiolytic-like activity .
[Glu1]-Fibrinopeptide B is derived from fibrinopeptide B amino acid residues 1-14. Human fibrinopeptide B (hFpB), a thrombin-derived proteolytic cleavage product of the fibrinogen B beta-chain, to stimulate neutrophils (PMN), monocytes, and fibroblasts.
Secretoneurin, rat, a 33-amino acid polypeptide, is generated by proteolytic processing of secretogranin II (SgII). Secretoneurin, rat induces dopamine release in the rat striatum in vivo and in vitro, and it exerts a very strong chemotactic effect on monocytes and eosinophils but not on granulocytes .
IDR-1002 is an anti-infective peptide that enhances the ability of human monocytes to migrate toward chemokines on fibronectin. IDR-1002 also induces adhesion and activation of β1-integrin, a mechanism that promotes monocyte recruitment .
Defensin HNP-3 human is an α-defensin stored in the azurophilic granules of human neutrophils. Defensin HNP-3 human exerts broad-spectrum bactericidal, antifungal and antiviral activities mainly by forming bacterial membrane pores, and acts as a chemoattractant for monocytes and T cells. Defensin HNP-3 human maintains epithelial integrity to support periodontal tissue homeostasis, and exerts concentration-dependent effects on epithelial cell proliferation, adhesion and bacterial adhesion. Defensin HNP-3 human targets solid tumors and leukemia by inducing single-strand DNA breaks and membrane permeabilization in tumor cells via electrostatic binding and pore formation. Defensin HNP-3 human is abundant in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma and neutrophils infiltrating oral squamous cell carcinoma. Defensin HNP-3 human can be applied to research related to periodontitis and human tongue squamous cell carcinoma .
Osteocalcin (Osteocalcin (1-49)) (human) is a vitamin K-dependent bone specific protein. Osteocalcin (human) is chemotactic for several of the cell types frequently found at bone remodeling surfaces .
Ferrichrome is a hydroxamate siderophore produced by various fungi, including U. sphaerogena, that facilitates iron chelation and uptake by these organisms. It can be used as a heterosiderophore by bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Ferrichrome (0.8 μM) inhibits concanavalin A-induced proliferation of mouse spleen monocytes and reduces the number of concanavalin A-stimulated CD4+ T cells expressing IL-2 receptor. It also inhibits the heme-catalyzed oxidation of LDL by hydrogen peroxide in a concentration-dependent manner.
Substance P (3-11) acetate is a substance P (SP) fragment peptide that can cross the BBB. Substance P (3-11) acetate has contracting activities on guinea pig ileum. Substance P (3-11) acetate also promotes human monocyte chemotaxis .
[Lys3]-Bombesin is a biological active peptide. (PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging of [Lys3]-bombesin is able to detect gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) positive prostate cancer. An immunoconjugate of [Lys3]-bombesin and corresponding monoclonal antibody can specifically induce (CD64)-dependent monocyte and neutrophil-mediated lysis of small cell carcinoma.)
IT9302 is a synthetic IL-10 agonist with the activity of inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells. IT9302 is able to mimic multiple effects of IL-10, including downregulating the antigen presentation machinery and increasing the sensitivity of tumor cells to natural killer cell-mediated lysis. IT9302 can also hinder the response of human monocytes to differentiation factors and reduce the antigen presentation and co-stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells. Dendritic cells treated with IT9302 showed a weakened ability to stimulate T cell proliferation and interferon-γ production. IT9302 exerts its effects through mechanisms that are partially different from IL-10, involving STAT3 inactivation and regulation of the NF-κB intracellular pathway. IT9302-treated dendritic cells showed enhanced expression of membrane-bound TGF-β, associated with the effective induction of foxp3+ regulatory T cells .
Substance P (3-11) is a substance P (SP) fragment peptide that can cross the BBB. Substance P (3-11) has contracting activities on guinea pig ileum. Substance P (3-11) also promotes human monocyte chemotaxis .
IDR-1 is an antimicrobial peptide that is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. IDR-1 counters infection by selective modulation of innate immunity without obvious toxicities. IDR-1 has anti-inflammatory and anti-infective properties, enhances the levels of monocyte chemokines, and attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine release .
IDR-HH2 is an immunomodulatory peptide with the ability to modulate the host cytokine/chemokine environment. IDR-HH2 can promote the adhesion of monocytes and THP-1 cells to fibronectin. Additionally, IDR-HH2 possesses antibacterial activity, inhibiting the activity of both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with MIC values of 75 µg/mL and 38 µg/mL, respectively .
MMK1 TFA is a potent and selective human formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1/FPR2) agonist with EC50s of <2 nM and >10000 nM for FPRL-1 and FPR1, respectively. MMK1 TFA is a potent chemotactic and calcium-mobilizing agonist. MMK1 TFA potently activates phagocytic leukocytes and enhances Pertussis Toxin-sensitive production by human monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6. MMK1 TFA exerts anxiolytic-like activity .
Cn-AMP1 is a disulfide-free plant peptide that can be isolated from green coconut water. Cn-AMP1 shows activity against multiple pathogenic bacteria, fungal pathogens and cancer cells. Cn-AMP1 is capable of up-regulating inflammatory-cytokine secretion by monocytes. Cn-AMP1 can be used for research on control bacterial infections and cancers .
KAFDITYVRLKF is a selective, competitive integrin αvβ3 binder. KAFDITYVRLKF induces the production of MMP-9. KAFDITYVRLKF blocks monocyte migration, promotes melanoma cell migration, protects neurons, and improves motor and cognitive functions. KAFDITYVRLKF can be used in research related to melanoma and Parkinson's disease .
cLABL is a cyclic peptide that specifically binds to ICAM‑1. cLABL mediates targeted enrichment and rapid endocytosis of nanoparticles. cLABL is applicable to researches such as precise drug delivery at inflammatory sites .
Catestatin sCst is a negative control peptide with a scrambled amino acid sequence. Catestatin sCst fails to activate human mast cells and is used to verify the specificity of Catestatin action .
EOS006215 (EOS-215) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting TREM-2. EOS006215 competes with TREM2 ligands, prevents TREM2 multimerization, and blocks downstream signaling. EOS006215 inhibits efferocytosis, reprograms transcriptomic profiles of monocyte-derived macrophages, alters metabolism and immune response genes, and increases pro-inflammatory marker secretion. EOS006215 reduces metastasis burden, delays tumor growth, and reprograms the tumor microenvironment to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance. EOS006215 can be used for the research of triple negative breast cancer and colorectal cancer .
Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) is an anti-mouse IL-1b IgG monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) enhances ferroptosis and increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) combined with Sulfasalazine (SAS) (HY-14655). Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) can reduce monocyte infiltration and alleviate T cell exhaustion by blocking IL-1β signaling. Anti-Mouse IL-1b Antibody (B122) can be used for researches on cancer and cardiovascular conditions such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), glioblastoma (GBM) and heart failure .
Anti-Mouse Ly-6G/Ly-6C Antibody (RB6-8C5) is an anti-mouse Ly-6G/Ly-6C IgG2b monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse Ly-6G/Ly-6C Antibody (RB6-8C5) can deplete neutrophils and monocytes. Anti-Mouse Ly-6G/Ly-6C Antibody (RB6-8C5) can be used for research on immunology .
Paridiprubart (NI-0101) is a humanised anti-TLR4 monoclonal antibody. Paridiprubar inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes from rheumatoid arthritis specimen induced by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid (RASF). Paridiprubart can be used for the study of rheumatoid arthritis .
Licaminlimab (OCS-02) is a single-chain anti-TNF alpha antibody fragment. TNF alpha is an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and monocytes during inflammation .
Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) is a kind of mouse IgG2a κ chimeric antibody inhibitor, targeting to human MHC Class I. Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) reacts with the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, HLA-A, B, and C. Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) increases adherence of monocytes to human endothelial cells. Anti-MHC Class I Antibody (W6/32) can be used for the research of immunology .
Anti-Mouse Ly6C Antibody (Monts 1) is a rat-derived anti-mouse Ly6C IgG2a type antibody inhibitor. Anti-Mouse Ly6C Antibody (Monts 1) depletes monocytes, neutrophils, and some other granulocyte populations. Anti-Mouse Ly6C Antibody (Monts 1) can be used for the researches of cancer, immunology and infection, such as chikungunya (CHIKV) and aggressive tumor .
Anti-Mouse Ly6G/Ly6C Antibody (NIMP-R14) is an anti-mouse Ly6G/Ly6C IgG2b monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse Ly6G/Ly6C Antibody (NIMP-R14) can deplete granulocytes and monocytes. Anti-Mouse Ly6G/Ly6C Antibody (NIMP-R14) can be used for researches on infection conditions and cancer such as pancreatic cancer and Orientia tsutsugamushi infection .
FAZ-053 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting B7-H1/PD-L1/CD274. FAZ-053 inhibits the interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 and B7-1 on monocytes, dendritic cells, and B cells. FAZ-053 enhances interleukin 2 production. FAZ-053 can be used in advanced alveolar soft tissue sarcoma (ASPS), chordoma, and triple-negative breast cancer research .
IBI-397 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting SIRPα/CD172a . IBI-397 promotes human monocyte-derived dendritic cell-mediated T cell proliferation and increases the expression of CD86 and HLA-DR. IBI-397 has antitumor activity in the mouse MDA-MB-231 tumor model. IBI-397 can be used in Myeloma research .
SOL-116 is a humanized anti-BSSL antibody. SOL-116 blocks BSSL from binding to monocytes. SOL-116 reduces the severity of Pristane (HY-N7819)-induced arthritis in rats .
OX118 is a fully human, ADCC-enhanced monoclonal antibody targeting OX40L, the recommended isotype control is HY-P99001. OX118 blocks OX40L, suppresses effector T-cell proliferation, expands regulatory T-cell populations, and reduces bystander activation across natural killer cells, B cells, and CD14+ monocytes. OX118 can be used for the research of graft-versus-host disease .
AMY109 is an anti-human interleukin-8 (IL-8) monoclonal antibody, with a Ka of 36.8 pM for human IL-8, and a Ka of 380 pM for cynomolgus monkey IL-8. AMY109 binds to human and cynomolgus monkey IL-8 in a pH-dependent manner, inhibits IL-8-mediated activation of CXCR1 and CXCR2, and blocks the downstream biological activities of IL-8. AMY109 inhibits neutrophil recruitment to endometriotic lesions and suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production by neutrophils. AMY109 is applicable to research related to endometriosis .
AMG-329 (MEDI1116) is a human immunoglobulin G1λ monoclonal antibody targeting FLT3L. AMG-329 selectively binds to FLT3L, blocks FLT3L-FLT3 interaction, neutralizes soluble and cell-bound human FLT3L activity. AMG-329 reduces circulating relative proportions of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, conventional dendritic cells, and classical monocytes. AMG-329 does not induce antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity. AMG-329 can be used for the research of sjögren’s disease .
IB001 is a humanized anti-BAG3 antibody that inhibits BAG3, with a KD value of 14.4 nM for human BAG3. IB001 blocks BAG3-dependent monocyte/macrophage activation, interferes with the interaction between BAG3 and IFITM-2, and disrupts tumor microenvironment signaling pathways. IB001 inhibits tumor growth, reduces α-SMA-positive fibroblasts, and blocks BAG3-dependent IL-6 release. IB001 accumulates in a time-dependent manner in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors. IB001 can be used for research related to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma .
Anti-CD68 Antibody (KP1) is a anti-CD68 monoclonal antibody (mAb). CD68 is present in various cell types, including monocytes/macrophages and fibroblasts. Recommend Isotype Controls: Mouse IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99977) .
CBT004 (KB312) is a human IgG1κ type monoclonal antibody against CD83. CD83 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a highly expressed marker on the surface of mature DCs. It can also be induced to be expressed on activated B cells, some activated T cells, and activated monocytes.
Anti-CD14 Antibody (UCHM-1) reacts with the human CD14. Anti-CD14 Antibody (UCHM-1) recognizes a cell surface glycoprotein expressed on most peripheral blood monocytes. Recommend Isotype Controls: Mouse IgG2a kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99978) .
DS-7011a is a selective inhibitor targeting TLR7. DS-7011a inhibits IL-6 production induced by TLR7 stimulation and related responses in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. DS-7011a is internalized in a TLR7-dependent manner and accumulates in B cells, various dendritic cell subsets, and monocytes/macrophages. DS-7011a can be used in research related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
MEDI-3185 is a potent CXCR4 antagonist. MEDI-3185 binds CXCR4 via CDR3H and ECL2 β-strand/β-strand interaction, blocks SDF-1 access and displaces SDF-1. MEDI-3185 can be used for the research of hematologic tumors, ovarian tumors .
ES009 is a high-affinity LILRB2 antagonist, with IC50 values of 14.07 nM and 18.61 nM for inhibiting hLILRB2-huANGPTL3 and hLILRB2-huANGPTL4, respectively. ES009 specifically blocks the interactions between LILRB2 and MHC class I as well as non-MHC ligands, thereby effectively inhibiting receptor activation. ES009 can reprogram anti-inflammatory myeloid cells and induce their conversion to a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and also reverse the T cell suppression mediated by macrophages. When combined with anti-PD-1 blockade therapy, ES009 synergistically enhances T cell activation. ES009 can be used in research related to advanced solid tumors and ovarian cancer .
IO-108 is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody and a competitive inhibitor of LILRB2, with a KD value of 1.97 nM. IO-108 competitively blocks the binding of LILRB2 to its ligands including HLA-G, MHC-I, ANGPTL2 and SEMA4A, reprograms tumor-associated myeloid cells, drives the conversion of suppressive myeloid cells into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and restores the cytotoxic activity of T cells and NK cells. IO-108 inhibits tumor growth in LILRB2 transgenic mouse models. IO-108 can be used for the research of solid tumors .
L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester (LLOMe) hydrochloride, a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester generated by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride also can induce endolysosomal pathway stress .
L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester (LLOMe) hydrobromide, a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester generated by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrobromide also can induce endolysosomal pathway stress .
Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M), the major seed lectin of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, is a T-cell activator. Phytohemagglutinin stimulates human mononuclear leukocytes, inducing the expression of ChAT mRNA and potentiating ACh synthesis. Phytohemagglutinin induces dose- and time-dependent toxicity in THP-1 monocytes/macrophages, alters cellular morphology, causes organelle dysfunction, and increases the expression of NF-κB, COX2, IL-1β .
Bindarit (AF2838) is a selective inhibitor of the monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-3/CCL7, and MCP-2/CCL8, and no effect on other CC and CXC chemokines such as MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, MIP-3/CCL23. Bindarit also has anti-inflammatory activity .
7α-Hydroxycholesterol is a cholesterol oxide and can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol has cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory activities. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can also inhibit sterol synthesis and reduce the activity of HMG-CoA reductase. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can be used in the research of diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis .
Rifamycin sodium (Rifamycin SV monosodium) is an orally active ansamycin antibiotic. Rifamycin sodium inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis. Rifamycin sodium has antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rifamycin sodium interferes with hepatic bile acid metabolism. Rifamycin sodium has anti-inflammatory effects. Rifamycin sodium can be used in the study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacteroides fragilis infection, and Lipopolysaccharide (HY-D1056B3)-induced inflammation .
Beauvericin is a cyclohexapeptide Fusarium toxin with insecticidal, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Beauvericin causes cellular genotoxicity by producing DNA breaks, chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei, and inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway to induce apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the growth of HCC. In addition, Beauvericin affects immune function by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and interfering with the differentiation process of human monocytes into macrophages .
Manumycin A is a polyketide antibiotic and an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR-1). Manumycin A can inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells and exert its anti-tumor activity through LC3. Manumycin A can downregulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes stimulated by TNF α, and has potential anti-inflammatory activity. Manumycin A can inhibit the Ras/Raf/ERK1/2 signaling and hnRNP H1 in castration resistant prostate cancer cells to suppress exosome biogenesis and secretion .
Lactulose is an orally active galactose-fructose disaccharide. Lactulose suppresses upregulation of TNF-α and IL-6. Lactulose decreases the degree of DNA damage. Lactulose exhibits many of the properties of other oligosaccharides, including increasing the numbers of Bifidobacteria in feces. Lactulose restores the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, mitigates inflammation, and suppresses inflammatory tumorigenesis in mice with colitis-associated cancer. Lactulose can be used in the research of constipation .
Fulvic Acid is a natural product, which comes from humic substances produced by microorganisms in soil. Fulvic Acid can modulate the immune system, influence the oxidative state of cells, and improve gastrointestinal function. Fulvic Acid has the potential for researching chronic inflammatory diseases, including diabetes .
Demeclocycline hydrochloride is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits the binding of aminoacyl tRNA by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby affecting protein synthesis. Demeclocycline hydrochloride exhibits antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial infections .
Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside is an orally active glycoside found in Rhubarb. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis, recovers altered lincRNA ANRIL and let-7a expression, reverses high glucose-altered Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, and inhibits TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside accelerates Sennoside A (HY-N0365) metabolism, stimulates sennoside A purgative activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside inhibits bacterial biofilm formation, suppresses its virulence gene expression, and exerts antibacterial activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside can be used for the research of diabetic nephropathy, constipation, and infection .
Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus .
Mitomycin A is an antitumor agent. Mitomycin A inhibits the spontaneous migration of mouse monocytes. Mitomycin A inhibits the production of MIF (Migration Inhibition Factor) by human lymphocytes. Mitomycin A can be used in the research of tumor diseases .
Fibrin is an insoluble protein found in blood that is produced in response to bleeding. As the main component of blood clots, fibrin functions in blood coagulation. Fibrin binds to the integrins ICAM-1, VE-cadherin, αIIbβ3, αMβ2, αvβ3 and α5β1. Fibrin is used in research related to chronic wounds .
Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP-III) is an immune modulator. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III reduces the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and CNS inflammation .
Resolvin D5 is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent produced in M2 macrophages. Resolvin D5 alleviates Paclitaxel (HY-B0015)-induced mechanical allodynia and inflammatory pain by activating the GPR32 receptor, with gender specificity (effective only in male mice) and independence from TRPV1 or TRPA1 channels. Resolvin D5 attenuates LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation, downregulates proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and CCL5, inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and osteoclastogenesis, promotes regulatory T cell differentiation, and shows no cytotoxicity to human monocytes. The level of Resolvin D5 is elevated in arthritic SKG mice, but Resolvin D5 has no effect on dendritic cell differentiation or M1 macrophage polarization, nor does it prevent ZyA-induced arthritis progression. Resolvin D5 is suitable for research related to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, inflammatory pain and rheumatoid arthritis .
Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride is a small molecular polysaccharide. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride inhibits the binding of AgW to TLR4. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride upregulates IL-10, inhibits LPS-induced upregulation of ROS, induces alternative activation of macrophages/monocytes, and suppresses LPS-induced production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride reverses the mortality of mice challenged with APAP or LPS. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride can be used in research related to Acetaminophen (HY-66005)-induced hepatotoxicity and endotoxemia .
7α-Hydroxycholesterol is a cholesterol oxide and can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol has cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory activities. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can also inhibit sterol synthesis and reduce the activity of HMG-CoA reductase. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can be used in the research of diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis .
Phellopterin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phellopterin. Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus.
Diayangambin (Syringaresinol dimethyl ether; Lirioresinol C dimethyl ether) is a cell proliferation inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.5 μM against human monocytes. Diayangambin also has immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects .
Glycozolidal (compound 12) is a carbazole alkaloid with antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis. Glycozolidal is cytotoxic against human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and monocytes (U937) in vitro with IC50 values of 120.86 µg/mL and 97.74 µg/mL, respectively .
Benoxaprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benoxaprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benoxaprofen (LRCL 3794) is a potent and long-acting anti-inflammatory and antipyretic compound. Benoxaprofen is a relatively weak inhibitor of cyclooxygenase in in vitro systems, inhibits lipoxygenase in other systems, and inhibits monocyte migration in some animal models of inflammation .
Emestrin is a mycotoxin originally isolated from E. striata that has antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic activities. It is active against the fungi C. albicans and C. neoformans, as well as the bacteria E. coli, S. aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; IC50s=3.94, 0.6, 2.21, 4.55, and 2.21 μg/mL, respectively).2 Emestrin is a chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist (IC50=5.4 μM in a radioligand binding assay using isolated human monocytes).3 Emestrin (0.1 μg/mL) induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells. It induces heart, thymus, and liver tissue necrosis in mice when administered at doses ranging from 18 to 30 mg/kg.
Reproterol (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Reproterol (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Reproterol hydrochloride is a dual-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Reproterol hydrochloride is more potent than albuterol and feterol in stimulating cAMP production in human monocytes, demonstrating its potential in enhancing airway function. Furthermore, Reproterol significantly inhibited the production of LTB4, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Reproterol hydrochloride may have inhibitory effects in respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD .
3-O-Caffeoyl-5-O-feruloylquinic acid is a quinic acid-based phenolic compound that can be isolated from Eryngium bourgatii. 3-O-Caffeoyl-5-O-feruloylquinic acid regulates free radical scavenging and inflammatory pathways, exerting antioxidant activity through electron transfer and hydrogen atom transfer mechanisms. It also inhibits TNF-α-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and its transcripts in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
Antcin K is a selective inhibitor targeting the PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MEK1/2-ERK, p38 and AP-1 pathways. Antcin K upregulates IL-10 expression, thereby inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory factors, blocking monocyte adhesion, reducing tissue damage, and promoting myogenesis. Antcin K has significant anti-inflammatory, anti-damage and tissue protective activities. Antcin K is mainly used in the research of inflammation-related diseases such as periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and skeletal muscle injury .
Trichodimerol (BMS-182123) is a TNF-α promoter inhibitor that inhibits the activity of lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion. Trichodimerol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α promoter activity, reduces steady-state TNF-α mRNA expression, and does not alter the stability of TNF-α mRNA. Trichodimerol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α secretion in murine and human immune cells. Trichodimerol reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1β secretion by 25%-50% in vitro. Trichodimerol does not alter total protein synthesis or constitutive lysozyme secretion at effective concentrations. Trichodimerol can be used for the research of septic shock .
The CD14 protein acts as a coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), forming a complex with LY96 and TLR4. It binds monomeric LPS to LBP, delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex and initiates an immune response. CD14 Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is the recombinant rat-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
The CD14 protein binds to LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, promoting the innate immune response against bacterial LPS. CD14 Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is the recombinant human-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-hFc labeled tag.
CD14 protein is a key coreceptor that cooperates with LBP to bind LPS and deliver it to the LY96/TLR4 complex to generate an immune response. CD14 activates NF-kappa-B through MyD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, triggering inflammation and cytokine release. CD14 Protein, Cynomolgus (HEK293, His) is the recombinant cynomolgus-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
The CD14 protein acts as a coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), forming a complex with LY96 and TLR4. It binds monomeric LPS to LBP, delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex and initiates an immune response. CD14 Protein, Rat (HEK293, Fc) is the recombinant rat-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-hFc labeled tag.
MCP-1/CCL2 Protein, Mouse is a cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that interacts with the CCR2 chemokine receptor on the cell surface to mediate inflammatory immune responses, viral infections, and tumorigenesis. MCP-1/CCL2 Protein, Mouse is a mouse MCP-1/CCL2 (Q24-R96) expressed by E.coil.
CD14 protein is a key protein in the innate immune response and is significantly expressed in monocytes/macrophages. It acts as a coreceptor that binds various microbial and fungal molecules, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CD14 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His-Fc) is the recombinant mouse-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-hFc, C-His, C-6*His labeled tag.
The MCP-1/CCL2 protein, as a CCR2 ligand, induces potent chemotactic responses and intracellular calcium mobilization in monocytes and basophils, without affecting neutrophils or eosinophils.It is critical for neuropathic pain and enhances NMDA-mediated synaptic transmission in neurons containing dopamine D1 and D2 receptors, possibly involving MAPK/ERK-dependent GRIN2B/NMDAR2B phosphorylation.Animal-Free MCP-1/CCL2 Protein, Mouse (His) is the recombinant mouse-derived animal-FreeMCP-1/CCL2 protein, expressed by E.coli , with N-His labeled tag.This product is for cell culture use only.
The CD14 protein binds to LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, promoting the innate immune response against bacterial LPS. CD14 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is the recombinant human-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. The total length of CD14 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is 325 a.a., with molecular weight of 45-55 kDa.
Serpin B2 inhibits urokinase-type plasminogen activator and contributes to fibrinolytic regulation. Monocyte-derived plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2) differs from endothelial cell-derived PAI-1, highlighting different cellular origins. Serpin B2 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived Serpin B2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free. The total length of Serpin B2 Protein, Human is 415 a.a., with molecular weight of ~46.6 kDa.
MCP-2/CCL8 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is a CC chemokine that interacts with CCR1, CCR2B, CCR3, and CCR5 to mediate host inflammatory immune responses, tumorigenesis, and antiviral infections. MCP-2/CCL8 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His ) is a recombinant mouse MCP-2/CCL8 (E20-P97) protein expressed by HEK293 with a his tag.
MCP-2/CCL8 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is a CC chemokine that interacts with CCR1, CCR2B, CCR3, and CCR5 to mediate host inflammatory immune responses, tumorigenesis, and antiviral infections. MCP-2/CCL8 Protein, Human (HEK293, His ) is a recombinant human MCP-2/CCL8 (Q24-P99) protein expressed by HEK293 with a his tag.
CD14 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is a recombinant human CD14 expressed in HEK 293 cells with a His tag at the N-terminus. CD14 Protein is an efficient target for recombinant immunoglobulin vaccine constructs that deliver T cell epitopes.
CD14 protein is a key protein in the innate immune response and is significantly expressed in monocytes/macrophages. It acts as a coreceptor that binds various microbial and fungal molecules, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CD14 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived CD14 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8 or NAP-1, is a pro-inflammatory CXC chemokine. IL-8 acts on human neutrophils via two receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2. IL-8 has a conserved Glu-Leu-Arg (ELR) N-terminal motif, and is an agonist for CXCR1/CXCR2. IL-8 is produced by various cells including leukocytes, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. IL-8/CXCL8 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is produced in HEK293 cells with six C-Terminal His-tags. It consists of 79 amino acids (E21-S99).
IL-8/CXCL8 protein, a vital chemotactic factor, orchestrates inflammatory responses by attracting neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells to clear pathogens. It activates neutrophils and binds to CXCR1/CXCR2 receptors, initiating downstream signaling pathways. IL-8/CXCL8 homodimerizes, disrupted by tick evasin-3, and interacts with TNFAIP6, potentially regulating chemokine activity in the inflammatory microenvironment. Animal-Free IL-8/CXCL8 Protein, Pig (His) is the recombinant pig-derived animal-FreeIL-8/CXCL8 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag. This product is for cell culture use only.
Serpin B1 protein is an important neutrophil serine protease inhibitor that regulates innate immune responses by protecting cells from cytoplasmic proteases during stress. It inhibits various neutrophil proteases, including elastase and chymotrypsin, and blocks GZMH activity intracellularly. Serpin B1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived Serpin B1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
The LRRC25 protein is an important regulator that inhibits RLR-mediated type I interferon signaling by coordinating the autophagic degradation of RIGI. Its specific interaction with ISG15-related RIGI promotes binding to p62/SQSTM1, leading to selective autophagic RIGI degradation. LRRC25 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived LRRC25 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
IL-8/CXCL8 protein, a vital chemotactic factor, orchestrates inflammatory responses by attracting neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells to clear pathogens. It activates neutrophils and binds to CXCR1/CXCR2 receptors, initiating downstream signaling pathways. IL-8/CXCL8 homodimerizes, disrupted by tick evasin-3, and interacts with TNFAIP6, potentially regulating chemokine activity in the inflammatory microenvironment. Animal-Free IL-8/CXCL8 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived animal-FreeIL-8/CXCL8 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag. This product is for cell culture use only.
IL-8/CXCL8 protein, a vital chemotactic factor, orchestrates inflammatory responses by attracting neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells to clear pathogens. It activates neutrophils and binds to CXCR1/CXCR2 receptors, initiating downstream signaling pathways. IL-8/CXCL8 homodimerizes, disrupted by tick evasin-3, and interacts with TNFAIP6, potentially regulating chemokine activity in the inflammatory microenvironment. IL-8/CXCL8 Protein, Human (HEK293) is the recombinant human-derived IL-8/CXCL8 protein, expressed by HEK293, with tag free.
LILRA3/CD85e/ILT6 functions as a soluble receptor for class I MHC antigens, binding both classical and non-classical HLA class I molecules, albeit with lower affinities than LILRB1 or LILRB2. It engages with monocyte surfaces, effectively suppressing LPS-induced TNF-alpha production by monocytes. LILRA3/CD85e/ILT6 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is the recombinant human-derived LILRA3/CD85e/ILT6 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-6*His labeled tag.
The S100A11 protein plays a crucial role in promoting keratinocyte differentiation and keratinization, suggesting its involvement in important processes related to skin development and integrity.As a disulfide-linked homodimer, S100A11 may contribute to the molecular machinery that regulates keratinocyte maturation and specialized functions.S100A11 Protein, Mouse (His) is the recombinant mouse-derived S100A11 protein, expressed by E.coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.
The CXCL17 protein is a chemokine that attracts monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells and plays a role in angiogenesis and potential tumor development. CXCL17 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived CXCL17 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.
CXCL14/BRAK protein selectively attracts CESS B cells and THP-1 monocytes without affecting T cells. Its specific chemical attraction emphasizes its role in mediating B cell and monocyte migration, contributing to immune responses within the microenvironment. CXCL14/BRAK Protein, Mouse (His) is the recombinant mouse-derived CXCL14/BRAK protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.
The ubiquitin E1 enzyme initiates ubiquitination by adenylating ubiquitin with ATP and forming a thioester bond with the E1 enzyme. It exhibits specificity for ubiquitin and excludes ubiquitin-like peptides. UBE1L2/UBA6 Protein, Human (sf9, His, Strep) is the recombinant human-derived UBE1L2/UBA6 protein, expressed by sf9 insect cells , with N-Strep, N-8*His labeled tag.
rHuLeukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 3/ILT6, His; Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 3; CD85 antigen-like family member E; Immunoglobulin-like transcript 6; ILT-6; Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 4; LIR-4 and monocyte inhibitory receptor HM43/HM31
LILRA3/CD85e/ILT6 functions as a soluble receptor for class I MHC antigens, binding both classical and non-classical HLA class I molecules, albeit with lower affinities than LILRB1 or LILRB2. It engages with monocyte surfaces, effectively suppressing LPS-induced TNF-alpha production by monocytes. LILRA3/CD85e/ILT6 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived ILT6 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
The LILRB2/CD85d/ILT-4 protein is a receptor for class I MHC antigens and can recognize multiple HLA alleles. It crucially downregulates the immune response and builds tolerance. LILRB2/CD85d/ILT-4 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived LILRB2/CD85d/ILT-4 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
The LILRB1/CD85j/ILT2 protein is a receptor for class I MHC antigens and recognizes multiple HLA alleles and H301/UL18 (human cytomegalovirus MHC homolog). Ligand binding induces inhibitory signals that downregulate immune responses. LILRB1/CD85j/ILT2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived LILRB1/CD85j/ILT2 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
LILRB1/CD85j/ILT2 Protein is an inhibitory receptor broadly expressed on leukocytes. LILRB1 recognises a wide range of classical HLA-class I allelic variants, as well as the non-classical molecules HLA-F and -G by binding to the conserved a3 domain. LILRB1 also recognises the human CMV-encoded MHC class I homologue UL18. LILRB1 is encoded within the leukocyte receptor complex on 19q13.4. LILRB1 can function as a negative regulator of BiTE molecule-induced tumor cell killing. LILRB1 acts as a novel checkpoint inhibitory molecule capable of restricting BiTE molecule-mediated CD8+ T cell effector function. LILRB1/CD85j/ILT2 Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is the recombinant human-derived LILRB1/CD85j/ILT2 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-hFc labeled tag.
LAG-1/CCL4L1 protein acts as a chemokine and can induce chemotaxis in cells expressing CCR5 or CCR1, indicating its role in cell migration (chemotaxis). Furthermore, it demonstrated the ability to inhibit HIV replication, particularly in CCR5-expressing peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting a potential impact on antiviral defense mechanisms. LAG-1/CCL4L1 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived LAG-1/CCL4L1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.
Dexamethasone-d5 is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses .
Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
Dexamethasone-d3-1 (Hexadecadrol-d3-1; Prednisolone F-d3-1) is a deuterium labeled Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
Ketoprofen-d3 is the deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively .
Dexamethasone-d4 is deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
Beauvericin- 13C45 is 13C labeled Beauvericin (HY-N6739). Beauvericin is a cyclohexapeptide Fusarium toxin with insecticidal, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Beauvericin causes cellular genotoxicity by producing DNA breaks, chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei, and inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway to induce apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the growth of HCC. In addition, Beauvericin affects immune function by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and interfering with the differentiation process of human monocytes into macrophages .
Piroxicam-d3 (CP-16171-d3) is deuterium labeled Piroxicam. Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively .
Tolfenamic acid- 13C6 is the 13C6 labeled Tolfenamic acid. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1.
Dexamethasone-d5-1 is deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
Piroxicam-d4 is the deuterium labeled Piroxicam. Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
Ketoprofen-d4 is the deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively .
Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0-d5 (19:0 lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase-d5) is the deuterated form of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 (HY-154830). Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 is a lysophosphatidylcholine with a fully saturated C19 acyl chain. When lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 is combined with LPS (HY-D1056), it can induce the secretion of IL-1β by human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase C19:0 can reduce the survival rate of dendritic cells derived from monocytes.
Ketoprofen- 13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively .
Tolfenamic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Tolfenamic Acid. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1 .
MRS4719-d3 is the deuterium labeled MRS4719 (HY-151547). MRS4719 is a potent P2X4 receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 0.503 μM for human P2X4 receptor. MRS4719 can reduce infarct volume and reduce brain atrophy, showing neuroprotective and neuro-rehabilitative activities in ischemic stroke model. MRS4719 also reduces ATP-induced [Ca 2+]i influx in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. MRS4719 can be used to research ischemic stroke .
Imidapril-d3 hydrochloride (TA-6366-d3) is the deuterium labeled Imidapril hydrochloride. Imidapril hydrochloride (TA-6366) is an orally active dual inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and MMP-9. Imidapril hydrochloride inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun, MKK4 and JNK in monocytes, and downregulates the production of specific inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IP-10, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory activity. Imidapril hydrochloride also effectively ameliorates mesangial expansion and reduces urinary albumin excretion by inhibiting angiotensin AngII production, lowering glomerular pressure and oxidative stress, thus delaying disease progression. Imidapril hydrochloride can also directly bind to the active site of MMP-9 to inhibit gelatinase activity, and suppress the enlargement of cerebral aneurysms without altering systemic blood pressure. Imidapril hydrochloride is widely applicable to related studies on autoimmune glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral aneurysms and other conditions .
1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE-d11 (15(S)-HETE-SAPE-d11) is deuterium labeled 1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE. 1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid that contains stearic acid (HY-B2219) at the sn-1 position and 15(S)-HETE at the sn-2 position. It is formed in human peripheral monocytes activated by the calcium ionophore A23187 (HY-N6687) by direct oxidation of 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (SAPE) by 15-LO. Phosphoethanolamine (PE) HETEs (PE-HETEs), including 1-stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE, are the main source of esterified HETE in ionophore-activated monocytes .
TOP1210 is a narrow-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent inhibitory activity against P38α, Src, and Syk kinases. TOP1210 effectively reduced proinflammatory cytokines released by peripheral blood monocytes, primary macrophages, HT29 cells, inflammatory cells in ulcerative colitis (UC) biopsies, and myofibroblasts isolated from inflamed colonic UC mucosa. TOP1210 showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in cell experiments and UC biopsies, superior to some selective kinase inhibitors. The multi-kinase inhibition of TOP1210 provides the possibility of obtaining a wider range of therapeutic effects, especially in the regulation of autoimmune responses .
Vidutolimod (CMP-001) is a virus-like particle containing a TLR9 activator . Vidutolimod induces human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to secrete IFNα, and upregulates the gene expression of CXCL10, PDL1, IDO and CD80. Vidutolimod activates TLR9, which in turn triggers plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation, production of IFNγ and TNFα, induction of CXCL10, and recruitment of antitumor T cells. Vidutolimod causes influenza-like symptoms, hypotension and tumor regression, and its activity depends on the presence of anti-Qβ antibodies. Vidutolimod modulates monocyte function, promotes CD4 T cell proliferation, and activates multiple immune cell types in an environment with anti-Qβ antibodies. Vidutolimod prolongs the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Vidutolimod is used in research related to advanced melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and advanced non-small cell lung cancer .
ISIS 104838 is an antisense oligonucleotide targeting TNF-α. ISIS 104838 specifically binds to human TNF-α mRNA via Watson-Crick base pairing to form a DNA:RNA hybrid duplex, thereby recruiting the ubiquitously expressed intracellular enzyme RNase H to degrade the target mRNA and inhibit TNF-α protein synthesis at the transcriptional level. ISIS 104838 induces moderate, self-limiting thrombocytopenia in cynomolgus monkeys. ISIS 104838 can be used for the study of inflammatory diseases .
G3-YSD is a cGAS agonist. G3-YSD directly interacts with cGAS to enhance its enzymatic activity, promote the conversion of ATP and GTP into cGAMP, and trigger STING-dependent IFN-α/β secretion. G3-YSD acts as a viral mimic to replace actual viral DNA . G3-YSD is applicable to research related to long COVID and type 1 human immunodeficiency virus infection .
Tenofovir exalidex (CMX157) is a lipid conjugate of the acyclic nucleotide analog Tenofovir with activity against both wild-type and antiretroviral drug-resistant HIV strains, including multidrug nucleoside/nucleotide analog-resistant viruses. Tenofovir exalidex is active against all major subtypes of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in fresh human PBMCs and against all HIV-1 strains evaluated in monocyte-derived macrophages, with EC50s ranging between 0.2 and 7.2 nM. CMX157 is orally available and has no apparent toxicity. Tenofovir exalidex also shows antiviral activity against HBV .
Human CCL13 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CCL13) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils, but not neutrophils. CCL13 also plays a role in accumulation of leukocytes during inflammation and may be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during artherosclerosis.
Human CCL14 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CCL14) protein, a cytokine that induces changes in intracellular calcium concentration and enzyme release in monocytes.
Human IL34 mRNA encodes the human interleukin 34 (IL34) protein, a cytokine that promotes the differentiation and viability of monocytes and macrophages through the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R).
Human CCL15 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 15 (CCL15) protein, a chemotactic for T cells and monocytes, and acts through C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1).
Human CCL1 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) protein, a member of the CC subfamily. CCL1 is secreted by activated T cells and displays chemotactic activity for monocytes but not for neutrophils.
Human CCR2 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) protein, a chemokine which specifically mediates monocyte chemotaxis. CCR2 can mediate agonist-dependent calcium mobilization and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase.
Human CCL16 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not for neutrophils. CCL16 also shows a potent myelosuppressive activity and suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells.
Human CCL2 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) protein. CCL2 displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.
Human CCL17 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for T lymphocytes, but not monocytes or granulocytes. CCL17 plays important roles in T cell development in thymus as well as in trafficking and activation of mature T cells.
Human CCL23 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 23 (CCL23) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes and monocytes, lower activity on neutrophils and no activity on activated T lymphocytes. CCL23 is also a strong suppressor of colony formation by a multipotential hematopoietic progenitor cell line.
Human CCL18 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for naive T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and nonactivated lymphocytes, but not for monocytes or granulocytes. CCL18 may play a role in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity responses.
Human CCL22 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and for chronically activated T lymphocytes. CCL22 also displays a mild activity for primary activated T lymphocytes and has no chemoattractant activity for neutrophils, eosinophils and resting T lymphocytes.
Human CCR8 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) protein, a member of the beta chemokine receptor family. CCR8 plays a role in regulation of monocyte chemotaxis and thymic cell apoptosis. More specifically, this receptor may contribute to the proper positioning of activated T cells within the antigenic challenge sites and specialized areas of lymphoid tissues.
Human CCL24 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 (CCL24) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes, a minimal activity on neutrophils, and is negative on monocytes and activated T lymphocytes. CCL24 also has antimicrobial activity, displaying an antibacterial effect on S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, Non-typeable H. influenzae, and P. aeruginosa.
Human CCL8 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8) protein, a member of the CC subfamily. CCL8 displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils.
Human CCL5 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) protein, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. CCL5 is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ cells. It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor.
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Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
MedchemExpress Validation 03
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
MedchemExpress Validation 04
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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