2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. PPAR

PPAR

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PPAR

Related Products

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PPARs (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily comprising of the following three subtypes: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis of higher organisms. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. Activation of PPAR-α reduces triglyceride level and is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPAR-γ enhances glucose metabolism, whereas activation of PPAR-β/δ enhances fatty acids metabolism.

PPAR Isoform Specific Products:

PPAR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0059S2
    D-arabinose-13C-2
    		Activator
    D-Arabinose-13C-2 is the 13C labeled D-Arabinose (HY-N0059). D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC50 is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-?Arabinose (HY-N7082).
    D-arabinose-<sup>13</sup>C-2
  • HY-126969
    C333H
    		Modulator
    C333H is a selective PPARγ modulator with insulin-sensitizing and hypoglycemic activities. C333H exhibits similar insulin-sensitizing effects to thiazolidinediones (TZDs) in diabetic mouse models without significantly increasing body weight or adipose tissue weight. C333H increases circulating high molecular weight adiponectin isoform levels in diabetic db/db mice, reduces serine phosphorylation of PPARγ 273 in brown adipose tissue, and selectively modulates the expression of specific PPARγ target genes in adipose tissue. Express. C333H exhibits weak recruitment of co-activators and weak dissociation of co-repressors in vitro. These properties suggest that C333H may be a potential inhibitor of type 2 diabetes.
    C333H
  • HY-121542
    PPARδ agonist 10
    		Agonist
    PPARδ agonist 10 (compound 7) is an orally active, selective, and partial agonist of PPARδ, with EC50 values of 0.053 μM and 0.30 µM for hPPARδ(LBD)-GAL4 and mPPARδ, respectively. PPARδ agonist 10 is a partial PPARδ agonist in transactivation assay but a full agonist on free fatty acids (FFA) oxidation in muscle cells both in vitro and in vivo. PPARδ agonist 10 can be used for dyslipidemia research.
    PPARδ agonist 10
  • HY-W740498
    Raspberry ketone-d5
    Raspberry ketone-d5 (Frambione-d5; 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone-d5) is the deuterium labeled Raspberry ketone (HY-N1426). Raspberry ketone is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry, widely used as a fragrance in cosmetics and as a flavoring agent in foodstuff; also shows PPAR-α agonistic activity.
    Raspberry ketone-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-160159
    PPARγ modulator-1
    		Modulator
    Anticancer agent 183 (example 48) is a non-agonistic PPARG modulator. Anticancer agent 183 has a high affinity to PPARG (PPARγ). Anticancer agent 183 inhibits kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PPARG. Anticancer agent 183 can used for research on metabolic diseases to avoid side effects.
    PPARγ modulator-1
  • HY-116597
    L-783483
    		Agonist
    L-783483 (F3MethylAA) is an agonist for PPARδ. L-783483 ameliorates Carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced paw edema in mice.
    L-783483
  • HY-162963
    DN203316
    		Agonist
    PPARδ agonist 11 (Compound 11) is a selective agonist for PPARδ with an EC50 of 20 nM. PPARδ agonist 11 reduces the levels of nitrite oxide (NO), proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 in LPS (HY-D1056)-stimulated RAW264.7 cell, and exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy via NF-κB pathway. PPARδ agonist 11 exhibits good stability in human liver microsomes and plasma. PPARδ agonist 11 ameliorates Carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced foot edema.
    DN203316
  • HY-117761
    MHY908
    		Agonist
    MHY908 is a potent dual agonist of PPARα and PPARγ. MHY908 also inhibits melanogenesis through inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity.
    MHY908
  • HY-21197S
    Perfluoroenanthic acid-13C4
    		Modulator
    Perfluoroenanthic acid-13C4 (Perfluoroheptanoic acid-13C4) is the 13C-labeled Perfluoroenanthic acid (HY-21197). Perfluoroenanthic acid (Perfluoroheptanoic acid) is a kind of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid organic pollutant. Perfluoroenanthic acid has environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, and exposure can occur via oral, dermal and other routes. Perfluoroenanthic acid exhibits reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity and endocrine-disrupting effects. Perfluoroenanthic acid exerts definite adverse effects on development, spermatogenesis, neuronal activity and liver tissue.
    Perfluoroenanthic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-176214
    PPARγ agonist 19
    		Agonist
    PPARγ agonist 19 (Compound 5e) is a PPARγ agonist. PPARγ agonist 19 has an IC50 of 11.27 μM against COX-1 and an IC50 of 0.05 μM against COX-1. PPARγ agonist 19 increases glucose uptake in rat hemidiaphragm assay and is superior to pioglitazone (HY-13956). PPARγ agonist 19 alleviates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in an in vivo model of type 2 diabetes in rats and protects against renal and lipidemia damage caused by metabolic dysfunction.
    PPARγ agonist 19
  • HY-153759
    CRX000227
    		Modulator
    CRX000227 is a PPAR modulator. CRX000227 can be used for research of metabolic or cell proliferative disorders.
    CRX000227
  • HY-N0059S6
    D-Arabinose-d6
    		Activator
    D-Arabinose-d6 is the deuterium labeled D-Arabinose (HY-N0059). D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC50 is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-?Arabinose (HY-N7082).
    D-Arabinose-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-146742
    PPARγ agonist 2
    		Agonist
    PPARγ agonist 2 is a potent PPARγ partial agonist and can be used for metabolic disease research.
    PPARγ agonist 2
  • HY-N6869R
    Dehydroabietic acid (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Dehydroabietic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dehydroabietic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dehydroabietic acid is a diterpene resin acid that can be isolated from Pinus and Picea. Dehydroabietic acid has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Dehydroabietic acid is a dual PPAR-α/γ agonist and PPAR-γ partial agonist, which can attenuate insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis induced by HFD-consumption in mice.
    Dehydroabietic acid (Standard)
  • HY-172883A
    (E/Z)-ABP/PPAR modulator 1
    		Modulator
    (E/Z)-ABP/PPAR modulator 1 is a mixture of the E and Z isomers of ABP/PPAR modulator 1 (HY-172883). ABP/PPAR modulator 1 is an orally active FABP and PPAR multiple modulator (IC50s of 0.65  μM and 1.08  μM for FABP1 and FABP4, EC50 s of 9.19  μM, 2.20  μM and 1.58 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ). ABP/PPAR modulator 1 has potent anti-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) activity. ABP/PPAR modulator 1 dose-dependently ameliorates multiple pathological characteristics of fatty liver in WD + Carbon tetrachloride-induced MASH mice model.
    (E/Z)-ABP/PPAR modulator 1
  • HY-B1773AR
    Sodium propionate (Standard)
    		Activator
    Sodium propionate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium propionate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium propionate is an orally active short-chain fatty acid. Sodium propionate can be produced by intestinal bacteria from the metabolism of dietary fiber. Sodium propionate increases PPAR-γ, inhibits NF-κB activation, and reduces COX-2 expression and NO production. Sodium propionate also induces Apoptosis and Autophagy. Sodium propionate reduces HSV-1-induced keratitis. Sodium propionate has anticancer effects against glioblastoma. Sodium propionate exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sodium propionate can be used in the research of spinal cord injury and Alzheimer's disease.
    Sodium propionate (Standard)
  • HY-168485
    PPARα/δ agonist 3
    		Agonist
    PPARα/δ agonist 3 (Compound 8) is the orally active agonist for PPAR, that activates PPARα, PPARδ and PPARγ with EC50s of 5.6, 3.4 and 1278 nM, respectively. PPARα/δ agonist 3 exhibits anticholestatic activity in mouse ANIT- or CDCA (HY-76847)-induced cholestatic liver disease models.
    PPARα/δ agonist 3
  • HY-N3027R
    Soyasaponin Aa (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Soyasaponin Aa (Standard) is the analytical standard of Soyasaponin Aa (HY-N3027). Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that can be found in soy. Soyasaponin Aa suppresses PPARγ transcriptional activity, reduces PPARγ and C/EBPα expression, inhibits adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, and reduces adipogenic marker gene expression. Soyasaponin Aa reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and malondialdehyde levels. Soyasaponin Aa exhibits cellular antioxidant activity. Soyasaponin Aa can be used for the research of obesity.
    Soyasaponin Aa (Standard)
  • HY-181233
    PPARγ agonist-22
    		Agonist
    PPARγ agonist-22 is a PPARγ agonist. PPARγ agonist-22 promotes cellular glucose uptake. PPARγ agonist-22 reduces lipid accumulation in adipocytes. PPARγ agonist-22 can be used in the research of type 2 diabetes.
    PPARγ agonist-22
  • HY-118397
    RB394
    		Modulator
    RB394 is a potent dual sEH/PPARγ modulator isoform that promotes adipocyte browning and exhibits cardioprotective activity, and can be used to suppress metabolic syndrome.
    RB394
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
PPAR Isoform Comparison

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