Eriocitrin
Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Eriocitrin is a flavonoid isolated from lemons that is a powerful antioxidant. Eriocitrin inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells by arresting the cell cycle in the S phase by upregulating p53, cyclin A, cyclin D3 and CDK6. Eriocitrin triggers apoptosis by activating intrinsic signaling pathways involving mitochondria.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.84%
- CAS No.: 13463-28-0
- Formula: C27H32O15
- Molecular Weight:596.53
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Eriocitrin
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Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Eriocitrin (25-75 μM; 24 h) arrests the cell cycle in the S phase, (5-10 μM; 24 h) and inhibits proliferation and focus formation of liver cancer cell lines HepG2 and Huh7[1].
Eriocitrin (25-75 μM; 12 h) upregulates p53, cyclin A, cyclin D3, and CDK6 levels in HepG2 cells[1].
Eriocitrin (25-75 μM; 48 h) triggers apoptosis by activating mitochondria-related intrinsic signaling pathways[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 13463-28-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 596.53
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Formula C27H32O15
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Color Light yellow to yellow
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SMILES
O=C(C[C@@H](C1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1)OC2=CC(O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O)O[C@@H]3CO[C@H](O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@@H]4O)=C5)C2=C5O
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Synonyms
Eriodictyol 7-rutinoside; Eriodictyol 7-O-rutinoside
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (6)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Food Chem
Effects of sun drying combined with baking processes on the flavor quality of Chongqing Tuocha raw tea. [Abstract]2025 Dec 30:497:146992. PMID: 41285060 -
Food Chem
Flavonoid-mediated metabolic underpinning quality variation in red bud-sport pear mutants. [Abstract]2025 Oct 15:489:144992. PMID: 40466530 -
J Agric Food Chem
High-Pressure and Thermal Pasteurization Applied to Smoothies Enhances (Poly)Phenol Bioaccessibility along the Gastrointestinal Tract. [Abstract]2025 Jun 25;73(25):15561-15578. PMID: 40497562 -
Foods
Design of a Plant-Based Smoothie: Exploiting Ingredient Complementarity for a Diversified (Poly)phenolic Profile Quantified by Targeted LC-MS/MS Analysis. [Abstract]2026 Apr 9;15(8):1293. PMID: 42073181 -
BMC Cancer
Identification and validation of CDK1 as a promising therapeutic target for Eriocitrin in colorectal cancer: a combined bioinformatics and experimental approach. [Abstract]2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. PMID: 39806333
Eriocitrin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. [Abstract]
ATP assay analysis of the cell viability of HCT116 after Eriocitrin (6.25–600 μM; 24 h) treatment. Eriocitrin significantly inhibited the tumorigenic properties of CRC cells, as evidenced by a notable reduction in HCT116 cell proliferation.
Eriocitrin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. [Abstract]
Colony formation assay analysis of the proliferation ability of HCT116 cells after Eriocitrin (50-200 μM; 24 h) treatment.
Eriocitrin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. [Abstract]
Transwell assays analysis of the migration and invasion abilities of HCT116 cells after Eriocitrin (50-200 μM; 24 h) treatment. The results revealed that the invasion and migration abilities of HCT116 cells were attenuated by Eriocitrin intervention in a significant dose-dependent manner.
Eriocitrin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. [Abstract]
Detection of CDK1 activity in HCT116 cells after Eriocitrin (50-200 μM; 24 h) treatment. The results showed that Eriocitrin inhibited the activity of CDK1 in a dose-dependent manner.
Eriocitrin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. [Abstract]
Validation of the specific binding of Eriocitrin (0.00001-1 M; 24 h) to CDK1 by ITDR assay. The results illustrated that as the concentration of Eriocitrin increased, the thermal stability of CDK1 progressively enhanced.
Eriocitrin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):76. [Abstract]
qRT-PCR analysis of the expression of CDK1 in HCT116 cells after Eriocitrin (50-200 μM; 24 h) treatment. The results showed that mRNA expression of CDK1 changed with the increase of Eriocitrin concentration.
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Microbiol Spectr
Potential quorum-sensing inhibitor of Hafnia alvei H4-theaflavin-3,3´-digallate analyzed by virtual screening and molecular simulation. [Abstract]2023 Sep 21;11(5):e0267123. PMID: 37732782
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (167.64 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Methanol : 31.25 mg/mL (52.39 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.49 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.49 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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EdU Incorporation Assay (Click Chemistry-Based DNA Synthesis Measurement)
The EdU incorporation assay measures DNA synthesis by adding the thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine to cells or tissues, where it is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA during S phase. Incorporated EdU is detected by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, in which a fluorescent azide covalently reacts with the ethynyl group on EdU, allowing S-phase cells to be detected by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, or high-content imaging. EdU detection does not require DNA denaturation or anti-BrdU antibody access, which preserves sample structure and improves compatibility with immunostaining and multiparameter cytometry compared with BrdU-based detection. EdU can be cytotoxic in a cell-type- and exposure-dependent manner, so pulse duration, concentration, and continuous-labeling designs should be validated for each cell type.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining
Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining measures the fluorescence intensity of DNA-bound fluorochromes in single cells or nuclei to estimate DNA content distributions, allowing assignment of populations to G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases by DNA histogram deconvolution. Propidium iodide (PI) intercalates into DNA, and PI fluorescence is proportional to cellular DNA content when staining is performed under conditions that make DNA accessible and minimize non-DNA signal. Cells with G2/M DNA content are expected to show approximately twice the fluorescence intensity of G0/G1 cells, while S-phase cells occupy intermediate fluorescence values. PI-based DNA-content analysis can also detect cells with fractional DNA content, often reported as sub-G1, when DNA fragmentation and extraction during staining reduce retained DNA signal in apoptotic cells. DAPI is an alternative DNA fluorochrome for univariate DNA-content analysis, while bivariate approaches combining DNA content with proliferation
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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BrdU Incorporation Assay
Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay is based on the principle that BrdU, a thymidine analog, is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby serving as a marker of DNA replication and cellular proliferation. Incorporated BrdU can be detected using anti-BrdU antibodies following DNA denaturation, enabling visualization or quantification of proliferating cells through immunochemical detection methods such as immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Protocol for Cell Cycle
Cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry measures DNA content in single cells to estimate the fraction of cells in G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases. Propidium iodide intercalates into DNA, and after RNA removal with RNase, fluorescence intensity reflects cellular DNA content: 2N cells are assigned to G0/G1, cells between 2N and 4N to S phase, and 4N cells to G2/M. DNA-content analysis alone cannot reliably separate G0 from G1 or G2 from M. Ki-67 can distinguish quiescent G0 cells from cycling cells, EdU or BrdU incorporation marks active DNA synthesis in S phase, and phospho-histone H3 staining identifies mitotic cells within the 4N population.
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Liver Cancer Modeling
Liver cancer can be classified into primary liver cancer and secondary liver cancer. Secondary liver cancer is the metastatic liver cancer. Primary liver cancer includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and fibrolamellar HCC, of which HCC is the most common form, accounting for approximately 90% of primary liver cancers[1]. HCC mouse models include chemical agent-induced models, transplanted tumor models, and genetic engineered models.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (278 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Wang Z, et al. Eriocitrin from lemon suppresses the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2016 Dec;78(6):1143-1150. [Content Brief]
[2]. Xu J, et al. Eriocitrin attenuates ischemia reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with acute kidney injury by regulating the dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14)-mediated Nrf2 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. Ann Transl Med. 2021 Feb;9(4):350. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methanol / DMSO | 1 mM | 1.6764 mL | 8.3818 mL | 16.7636 mL | 41.9090 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3353 mL | 1.6764 mL | 3.3527 mL | 8.3818 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1676 mL | 0.8382 mL | 1.6764 mL | 4.1909 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1118 mL | 0.5588 mL | 1.1176 mL | 2.7939 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0838 mL | 0.4191 mL | 0.8382 mL | 2.0955 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0671 mL | 0.3353 mL | 0.6705 mL | 1.6764 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0559 mL | 0.2794 mL | 0.5588 mL | 1.3970 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0419 mL | 0.2095 mL | 0.4191 mL | 1.0477 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0335 mL | 0.1676 mL | 0.3353 mL | 0.8382 mL | |
| DMSO | 60 mM | 0.0279 mL | 0.1397 mL | 0.2794 mL | 0.6985 mL |
| 80 mM | 0.0210 mL | 0.1048 mL | 0.2095 mL | 0.5239 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0168 mL | 0.0838 mL | 0.1676 mL | 0.4191 mL |
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