Autosomal dominant neovascular inflammatory vitreoretinopathy

Autosomal dominant neovascular inflammatory vitreoretinopathy (ADNIV) is an inherited autoimmune uveitis and vitreoretinal degeneration characterized by inflammatory cells in the vitreous and anterior chamber, photoreceptor degeneration, vitreous hemorrhages, epiretinal membranes (ERMs), and proliferative iris and retinal neovascularization. It is caused by mutations in CAPN5 gene, encoding an intracellular protease expressed in the retina. In most patients the diagnosis is difficult to make before age 40. Electroretinography can help make the diagnosis in younger individuals in whom the only other sign is the presence of vitreous cells.