Beclin-1

Definition:

Plays a central role in autophagy. Acts as core subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Essential for the formation of PI3KC3-C2 but not PI3KC3-C1 PI3K complex forms. Involved in endocytosis. Protects against infection by a neurovirulent strain of Sindbis virus. May play a role in antiviral host defense.; Beclin-1-C 35 kDa localized to mitochondria can promote apoptosis; it induces the mitochondrial translocation of BAX and the release of proapoptotic factors.

References:

[1]. Flavie Strappazzon, et al. Mitochondrial BCL-2 inhibits AMBRA1-induced autophagy. EMBO J. 2011 Apr 6;30(7):1195-208. [Content Brief]

[2]. Avraham Ashkenazi, et al. Polyglutamine tracts regulate beclin 1-dependent autophagy. Nature. 2017 May 4;545(7652):108-111. [Content Brief]

[3]. Pengyan Xia, et al. WASH inhibits autophagy through suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination. EMBO J. 2013 Oct 16;32(20):2685-96. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yongjie Wei, et al. JNK1-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 regulates starvation-induced autophagy. Mol Cell. 2008 Jun 20;30(6):678-88. [Content Brief]

[5]. X H Liang, et al. Protection against fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis by beclin, a novel Bcl-2-interacting protein. J Virol. 1998 Nov;72(11):8586-96. [Content Brief]

[6]. Kai Liu, et al. Negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate levels in early-to-late endosome conversion. J Cell Biol. 2016 Jan 18;212(2):181-98. [Content Brief]

[7]. Antonia P Sagona, et al. PtdIns(3)P controls cytokinesis through KIF13A-mediated recruitment of FYVE-CENT to the midbody. Nat Cell Biol. 2010 Apr;12(4):362-71. [Content Brief]

[8]. Nicole C McKnight, et al. Beclin 1 is required for neuron viability and regulates endosome pathways via the UVRAG-VPS34 complex. PLoS Genet. 2014 Oct 2;10(10):e1004626. [Content Brief]

[9]. Andriana Margariti, et al. XBP1 mRNA splicing triggers an autophagic response in endothelial cells through BECLIN-1 transcriptional activation. J Biol Chem. 2013 Jan 11;288(2):859-72. [Content Brief]

[10]. Mohammad Adnan Siddiqui, et al. RNase L Cleavage Products Promote Switch from Autophagy to Apoptosis by Caspase-Mediated Cleavage of Beclin-1. Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Jul 31;16(8):17611-36. [Content Brief]

[11]. E Wirawan, et al. Caspase-mediated cleavage of Beclin-1 inactivates Beclin-1-induced autophagy and enhances apoptosis by promoting the release of proapoptotic factors from mitochondria. Cell Death Dis. 2010;1(1):e18. [Content Brief]

[12]. Sigrid B Thoresen, et al. A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase class III sub-complex containing VPS15, VPS34, Beclin 1, UVRAG and BIF-1 regulates cytokinesis and degradative endocytic traffic. Exp Cell Res. 2010 Dec 10;316(20):3368-78. [Content Brief]

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