E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM56

Definition

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a key role in innate antiviral immunity by mediating ubiquitination of CGAS and STING1. In response to pathogen- and host-derived double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), targets STING1 to 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination, thereby promoting its homodimerization, a step required for the production of type I interferon IFN-beta (By similarity). Also mediate monoubiquitination of CGAS, thereby promoting CGAS oligomerization and subsequent activation. Independently of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, positive regulator of TLR3 signaling. Potentiates extracellular double stranded RNA (dsRNA)-induced expression of IFNB1 and interferon-stimulated genes ISG15, IFIT1/ISG56, CXCL10, OASL and CCL5/RANTES. Promotes establishment of an antiviral state by TLR3 ligand and TLR3-mediated chemokine induction following infection by hepatitis C virus.

References:

[1]. Gil Ju Seo, et al. TRIM56-mediated monoubiquitination of cGAS for cytosolic DNA sensing. Nat Commun. 2018 Feb 9;9(1):613. [Content Brief]

[2]. Yang Shen, et al. TRIM56 is an essential component of the TLR3 antiviral signaling pathway. J Biol Chem. 2012 Oct 19;287(43):36404-13. [Content Brief]

[3]. Jie Wang, et al. TRIM56 is a virus- and interferon-inducible E3 ubiquitin ligase that restricts pestivirus infection. J Virol. 2011 Apr;85(8):3733-45. [Content Brief]

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