Interleukin-19

Definition:

Cytokine that functions as an anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic factor. Polarizes adaptive immunity to an anti-inflammatory phenotype through induction of T-helper 2 responses by both down-regulation of IFN-gamma and up-regulation of IL4 and IL13. Produced by osteocytes, stimulates granulopoiesis and neutrophil formation (By similarity). Exerts its biological effect through a receptor complex consisting of a heterodimer of IL20RA and IL20RB. In turn, activates the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, and importantly, STAT3.

References:

[1]. L Dumoutier, et al. Cutting edge: STAT activation by IL-19, IL-20 and mda-7 through IL-20 receptor complexes of two types. J Immunol. 2001 Oct 1;167(7):3545-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sara H Small, et al. Induction of IL19 expression through JNK and cGAS-STING modulates DNA damage-induced cytokine production. Sci Signal. 2021 Dec 21;14(714):eaba2611. [Content Brief]

[3]. Haluk B Oral, et al. Regulation of T cells and cytokines by the interleukin-10 (IL-10)-family cytokines IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Eur J Immunol. 2006 Feb;36(2):380-8. [Content Brief]

[4]. Julia Parrish-Novak, et al. Interleukins 19, 20, and 24 signal through two distinct receptor complexes. Differences in receptor-ligand interactions mediate unique biological functions. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 6;277(49):47517-23. [Content Brief]

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