Malignant migrating partial seizures in infancy

Malignant migrating partial seizures in infancy (MMPSI) are rare, severe early infantile onset epileptic encephalopathy. The common clinical features are seizure onset within the first 6 months of life, occurrence of migrating polymorphic focal seizures, and progressive deterioration of psychomotor development. Seizures in MMPSI are refractory to conventional treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). Early and multiple video/EEG recordings are critical to detect the characteristic multifocal and asynchronous long lasting ictal discharges and are essential for MMPSI diagnosis. MMPSI is a genetically heterogeneous disorder with few known etiologies. Recently, mutations of several genes have been reported in sporadic cases of MMPSI.