Sulfotransferase 2A1

Definition:

Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands. Mediates the sulfation of a wide range of steroids and sterols, including pregnenolone, androsterone, DHEA, bile acids, cholesterol and as well many xenobiotics that contain alcohol and phenol functional groups. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Plays an important role in maintening steroid and lipid homeostasis. Plays a key role in bile acid metabolism. In addition, catalyzes the metabolic activation of potent carcinogenic polycyclic arylmethanols (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Ian T Cook, et al. 24-hydroxycholesterol sulfation by human cytosolic sulfotransferases: formation of monosulfates and disulfates, molecular modeling, sulfatase sensitivity, and inhibition of liver x receptor activation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Oct;37(10):2069-78. [Content Brief]

[2]. A Radominska, et al. Human liver steroid sulphotransferase sulphates bile acids. Biochem J. 1990 Dec 15;272(3):597-604. [Content Brief]

[3]. H Glatt, et al. Activation of benzylic alcohols to mutagens by human hepatic sulphotransferases. Mutagenesis. 1994 Nov;9(6):553-7. [Content Brief]

[4]. K A Comer, et al. Cloning and expression of human liver dehydroepiandrosterone sulphotransferase. Biochem J. 1993 Jan 1;289 ( Pt 1)(Pt 1):233-40. [Content Brief]

[5]. Lu-Yi Lu, et al. Identification and characterization of two amino acids critical for the substrate inhibition of human dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase (SULT2A1). Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;73(3):660-8. [Content Brief]

[6]. Maryam S Abunnaja, et al. Effects of genetic polymorphisms on the sulfation of dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnenolone by human cytosolic sulfotransferase SULT2A1. Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Oct;96(5):655-662. [Content Brief]

[7]. Hayrettin Ozan Gulcan, et al. Substrate inhibition in human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase SULT2A1: studies on the formation of catalytically non-productive enzyme complexes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2011 Mar 15;507(2):232-40. [Content Brief]

[8]. Ho-Jin Chang, et al. Identifying androsterone (ADT) as a cognate substrate for human dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase (DHEA-ST) important for steroid homeostasis: structure of the enzyme-ADT complex. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jan 23;279(4):2689-96. [Content Brief]

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