Cat. No.: HY-N0540

Cynaroside

(Synonyms: Luteolin 7-glucoside; Luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside)

15 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Cynaroside (Luteolin 7-glucoside) is a flavonoid compound that exhibits anti-oxidative capabilities. Cynaroside is also a potent influenza RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 32 nM. Cynaroside also is a promising inhibitor for H₂O₂-induced apoptosis, has cytoprotection against oxidative stress-induced cardiovascular diseases. Cynaroside also has antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.37%
CAS No.: 5373-11-5
Formula: C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁
Molecular Weight:448.38

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Cynaroside Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 5373-11-5

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (15)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

RNA Polymerase

All DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoforms :

All Parasite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
B16-4A5	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6	Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis	[PMID: 25987378]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 10	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 3 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 3 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 11421746]
H9	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: 6	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay	[PMID: 8158164]
H9	IC₅₀	25 μM Compound: 6	Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days	[PMID: 8158164]
H9c2	EC₅₀	5.04 μM Compound: 7	Cytoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 20932762]
HeLa S3	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 13	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa S3 cells assessed as cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by microscopic analysis Cytotoxicity against human HeLa S3 cells assessed as cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 35704432]
HepG2	IC₅₀	20.8 μM Compound: 6	Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24974349]
HL-60	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 10	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 3 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 3 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 11421746]
Huh-7	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 22445328]
MDCK	CC₅₀	>1116 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 18640042]
MDCK	CC₅₀	>446 μM Compound: Luteolin-7-glucoside	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells	[PMID: 25096296]
RAW264.7	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 20	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33667099]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside	Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite accumulation after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite accumulation after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method	[PMID: 19778086]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	6.1 μM Compound: 9	Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 31747281]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	8.3 μM Compound: 13	Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay method Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay method	[PMID: 25176187]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	87.5 μM Compound: 20	Inhibition of LPS induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay Inhibition of LPS induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay	[PMID: 33667099]
RD	EC₅₀	0.43 mM Compound: Luteoloside	Antiviral activity against EV71 infected in human RD cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathic effect after 48 hrs by MTS assay Antiviral activity against EV71 infected in human RD cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathic effect after 48 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 27776325]
SW1573	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 10	Cytotoxicity against human SW1573 cells after 3 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SW1573 cells after 3 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 11421746]

In Vitro

Cynaroside promots macrophage phenotypic transition from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2, and mitigates sepsis-associated liver inflammatory damage.
Cynaroside reduces binding of PKM2 to hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) by abolishing translocation of PKM2 to the nucleus and promoting PKM2 tetramer formation, as well as suppressing phosphorylation of PKM2 at Y105 in vivo and in vitro.
Cynaroside restores pyruvate kinase activity, inhibits glycolysis-related proteins including PFKFB3, HK2 and HIF-1α, and inhibits glycolysisrelated hyperacetylation of HMGB1 in septic liver.
Cynaroside protects H9c2 cells against H₂O₂-induced apoptosis by decreasing ROS generation and inhibiting caspase activation in both the mitochondrial and death receptor pathways.
Cynaroside maintains mitochondrial function by regulating Bcl-2 protein expression, as well as JNK and P53 expression^[2]^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

RAW264.7 cell
Concentration:

5µM, 10µM
Incubation Time:

2 h
Result:

Reduced expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and HMGB1, suppressed M1 polarized phenotype in RAW264.7 cells.

Immunofluorescence^[2]

Cell Line:

RAW264.7 cell
Concentration:
Incubation Time:

4 h
Result:

Decreased PKM2 nuclear translocation in hepatic macrophages of septic mice.

RT-PCR^[2]

Cell Line:

RAW264.7 cell
Concentration:

2.5µM, 5µM, 10µM
Incubation Time:
Result:

Increased increased expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1, IL-10 andCD206.

Cell Viability Assay^[3]

Cell Line:

H9c2 cells
Concentration:

25, 50, 100 μg/mL
Incubation Time:

4 h
Result:

Protected H9c2 cells from oxidative stress-induced cell injury.

Apoptosis Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:

H9c2 cells
Concentration:

25, 50, 100 μg/mL
Incubation Time:

4 h
Result:

Decreased H₂O₂-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cells.

In Vivo

Cynaroside (i.p.; 5 mg/kg) reduces binding of PKM2 to hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) by abolishing translocation of PKM2 to the nucleus and promoting PKM2 tetramer formation, as well as suppressing phosphorylation of PKM2 at Y105^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Mice model of sepsis^[2]
Dosage:

5mg/kg
Administration:

Cynaroside (i.p.; 5mg/kg)
Result:

Inhibited PKM2 dimer formation in liver of septic mice.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 5373-11-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 448.38
Formula C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁
Color Light yellow to green yellow
SMILES

O=C(C=C(C1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1)OC2=CC(O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O)O[C@@H]3CO)=C4)C2=C4O
Synonyms

Luteolin 7-glucoside; Luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside
Structure Classification
- Flavonoids
- Flavones
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
- Plants
- Umbelliferae
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (15)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayWBCell Imaging/StainingRT-PCR

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Journal Impact Factor

Acta Pharm Sin B

Chrysin serves as a novel inhibitor of DGK α/FAK interaction to suppress the malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). [Abstract]

2021 Jan;11(1):143-155. PMID: 33532186
Food Chem

Effects of sun drying combined with baking processes on the flavor quality of Chongqing Tuocha raw tea. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 30:497:146992. PMID: 41285060
Food Chem

Flavonoid-mediated metabolic underpinning quality variation in red bud-sport pear mutants. [Abstract]

2025 May 31:489:144992. PMID: 40466530
Biomed Pharmacother

Cynaroside improved depressive-like behavior in CUMS mice by suppressing microglial inflammation and ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2024 Apr:173:116425. PMID: 38490155
Antioxidants (Basel)

Pharmacological and Molecular Docking Investigation of Leaves of Eriobotrya japonica: Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibition, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 29;14(4):413. PMID: 40298661
Ind Crops Prod

2025 Dec 11;239:122458.
Eur J Med Chem

Unraveling the anti-influenza effect of flavonoids: Experimental validation of luteolin and its congeners as potent influenza endonuclease inhibitors. [Abstract]

2020 Dec 15;208:112754. PMID: 32883638
Eur J Pharmacol

Preclinical study on cynaroside as a selective granzyme B inhibitor in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 24:178196. PMID: 41005605

Cynaroside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 24:178196. [Abstract]

RAW 264.7 cells were treated with Cynaroside at the indicated concentrations. After 24 h of incubation, cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay.

Cynaroside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 24:178196. [Abstract]

RAW 264.7 cells were treated with Cynaroside (10 or 100 μM) for 30 min before they were treated with GrB (25 nM) and perforin (1 nM) for 24 h. Cleaved caspase-3 protein was detected by Western blotting.

Cynaroside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 24:178196. [Abstract]

Human plasma fibronectin was incubated with GrB and either Cynaroside (10 or 100 μM) or IEPD (100 μM) in vitro, and the results were visualized by Western blotting.

Cynaroside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 24:178196. [Abstract]

MCF-7 cells were plated on fibronectin-coated Transwell plates in serum-free DMEM and allowed to migrate toward 5 % FBS for 24 h in the presence of the indicated concentrations of Cynaroside (10 or 100 μM) and GrB (25 nM). The cells on the underside of the membrane were stained with 0.5 % crystal violet.

Cynaroside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 24:178196. [Abstract]

Cynaroside (10 mg/kg). The expression levels of TSLP and IL-6 mRNA in ear skin tissue on day 26 were detected by qRT-PCR.
Eur J Pharmacol

Protective effect of cynaroside on sepsis-induced multiple organ injury through Nrf2/HO-1-dependent macrophage polarization. [Abstract]

2021 Nov 15:911:174522. PMID: 34560076
J Med Virol

Drug Repurposing: In Vitro Evaluation of Simeprevir as a Novel Antiviral Drug Against Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus. [Abstract]

2025 Oct;97(10):e70655. PMID: 41117261
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol

2026 May 13. PMID: 42126580
Vet Microbiol

The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607
Fitoterapia

Cynaroside prevents macrophage polarization into pro-inflammatory phenotype and alleviates cecal ligation and puncture-induced liver injury by targeting PKM2/HIF-1α axis. [Abstract]

2021 Jul:152:104922. PMID: 33984439
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Effects of intracellular iron overload on cell death and identification of potent cell death inhibitors. [Abstract]

2018 Sep 3;503(1):297-303. PMID: 29890135
Authorea

May 12, 2022.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 83.33 mg/mL (185.85 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.2303 mL

11.1513 mL

22.3025 mL

5 mM

0.4461 mL

2.2303 mL

4.4605 mL

10 mM

0.2230 mL

1.1151 mL

2.2303 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.64 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.64 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline

Solubility: 16.67 mg/mL (37.18 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Václav Zima, et al. Unraveling the Anti-Influenza Effect of Flavonoids: Experimental Validation of Luteolin and its Congeners as Potent Influenza Endonuclease Inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem. 22 August 2020, 112754.

[2]. Liuhua Pei, et al. Cynaroside prevents macrophage polarization into pro-inflammatory phenotype and alleviates cecal ligation and puncture-induced liver injury by targeting PKM2/HIF-1α axis. Fitoterapia. 2021 Jul;152:104922. [Content Brief]

[3]. Xiao Sun, et al. Protective effects of cynaroside against H₂O₂-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. J Cell Biochem. 2011 Aug;112(8):2019-29. [Content Brief]

[4]. Shams Tabrez, et al. Cynaroside inhibits Leishmania donovani UDP-galactopyranose mutase and induces reactive oxygen species to exert antileishmanial response. Biosci Rep. 2021 Jan 29;41(1):BSR20203857. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.2303 mL	11.1513 mL	22.3025 mL	55.7563 mL
	5 mM	0.4461 mL	2.2303 mL	4.4605 mL	11.1513 mL
	10 mM	0.2230 mL	1.1151 mL	2.2303 mL	5.5756 mL
	15 mM	0.1487 mL	0.7434 mL	1.4868 mL	3.7171 mL
	20 mM	0.1115 mL	0.5576 mL	1.1151 mL	2.7878 mL
	25 mM	0.0892 mL	0.4461 mL	0.8921 mL	2.2303 mL
	30 mM	0.0743 mL	0.3717 mL	0.7434 mL	1.8585 mL
	40 mM	0.0558 mL	0.2788 mL	0.5576 mL	1.3939 mL
	50 mM	0.0446 mL	0.2230 mL	0.4461 mL	1.1151 mL
	60 mM	0.0372 mL	0.1859 mL	0.3717 mL	0.9293 mL
	80 mM	0.0279 mL	0.1394 mL	0.2788 mL	0.6970 mL
	100 mM	0.0223 mL	0.1115 mL	0.2230 mL	0.5576 mL

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Cynaroside

Anti-Infection Compound Library

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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Compound Library

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Mongolian Medicine Compound Library

Tonifying Traditional Chinese Medicine Monomer Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Cynaroside

All DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoforms

All Parasite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (15)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Cynaroside Related Classifications

HY-N0540 Related Classifications