Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) trisodium 

Ganglioside GT1b bovine trisodium is a trisialic acid ganglioside. Ganglioside GT1b bovine trisodium binds to botulinum toxin type A (BTxA), BTxA heavy chain, and tetanus toxin with IC₅₀ values of 11, 0.74, and 7.2 μM, respectively. Ganglioside GT1b bovine trisodium acts as a TLR2 agonist, leading to microglial activation, increased expression of pro-inflammatory factors, and increased pain sensitivity in spinal microglia. Ganglioside GT1b bovine trisodium also reduces the production of IL-6, IL-10, IgG, IgM, and IgA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Ganglioside GT1b bovine trisodium increases extracellular glutamate levels in neural cell models. Ganglioside GT1b bovine trisodium has potential applications in research on immune system diseases and nervous system diseases^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

2195.28

C₉₅H₁₆₂N₅Na₃O₄₇

CCCCCCCCCCCCC/C=C/[C@]([C@]([H])(CO[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@]5(O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)C5)C(O[Na])=O)[C@H]4O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)[C@H](O[C@]6(O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@]7(O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)C7)C(O[Na])=O)O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)C6)C(O[Na])=O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](CO)O1)NC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)(O)[H]

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Lim H, et al. GT1b functions as a novel endogenous agonist of toll-like receptor 2 inducing neuropathic pain. EMBO J. 2020 Mar 16;39(6):e102214.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Schengrund CL, et al. Binding of botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins to ganglioside GT1b and derivatives thereof. J Neurochem. 1991 Sep;57(3):1024-32.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Erickson KD, et al. Ganglioside GT1b is a putative host cell receptor for the Merkel cell polyomavirus. J Virol. 2009 Oct;83(19):10275-9.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Kanda N, et al. Ganglioside GT1b suppresses immunoglobulin production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Immunology. 1999 Apr;96(4):628-33.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Watanabe S, et al. Involvement of ganglioside GT1b in glutamate release from neuroblastoma cells. Neurosci Lett. 2012 May 31;517(2):140-3.  [Content Brief]