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Calmodulin-1

Definition:

Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Calcium-binding is required for the activation of calmodulin. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases, such as myosin light-chain kinases and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMK2), and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Is a regulator of voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels. Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2. Forms a potassium channel complex with KCNQ1 and regulates electrophysiological activity of the channel via calcium-binding. Acts as a sensor to modulate the endoplasmic reticulum contacts with other organelles mediated by VMP1:ATP2A2.; (Microbial infection) Required for Legionella pneumophila SidJ glutamylase activity.; (Microbial infection) Required for C.violaceum CopC arginine ADP-riboxanase activity.

References:

[1]. Nicole J Boczek, et al. Spectrum and Prevalence of CALM1-, CALM2-, and CALM3-Encoded Calmodulin Variants in Long QT Syndrome and Functional Characterization of a Novel Long QT Syndrome-Associated Calmodulin Missense Variant, E141G. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2016 Apr;9(2):136-146. [Content Brief]

[2]. Lisa M Wren, et al. Genetic Mosaicism in Calmodulinopathy. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2019 Sep;12(9):375-385. [Content Brief]

[3]. Steve L Reichow, et al. Allosteric mechanism of water-channel gating by Ca2+-calmodulin. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013 Sep;20(9):1085-92. [Content Brief]

[4]. Sagar Bhogaraju, et al. Inhibition of bacterial ubiquitin ligases by SidJ-calmodulin catalysed glutamylation. Nature. 2019 Aug;572(7769):382-386. [Content Brief]

[5]. Ting Peng, et al. Pathogen hijacks programmed cell death signaling by arginine ADPR-deacylization of caspases. Mol Cell. 2022 May 19;82(10):1806-1820.e8. [Content Brief]

[6]. Yaxin Liu, et al. Calmodulin Binding Activates Chromobacterium CopC Effector to ADP-Riboxanate Host Apoptotic Caspases. mBio. 2022 Jun 28;13(3):e0069022. [Content Brief]

[7]. William Y Tsang, et al. CP110 cooperates with two calcium-binding proteins to regulate cytokinesis and genome stability. Mol Biol Cell. 2006 Aug;17(8):3423-34. [Content Brief]

[8]. Chih-Chieh Yu, et al. Arrhythmogenic calmodulin mutations impede activation of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium current. Heart Rhythm. 2016 Aug;13(8):1716-23. [Content Brief]

[9]. Noémie Alphonse, et al. A family of conserved bacterial virulence factors dampens interferon responses by blocking calcium signaling. Cell. 2022 Jun 23;185(13):2354-2369.e17. [Content Brief]

[10]. Dana Sachyani, et al. Structural basis of a Kv7.1 potassium channel gating module: studies of the intracellular c-terminal domain in complex with calmodulin. Structure. 2014 Nov 4;22(11):1582-94. [Content Brief]

[11]. Yan G Zhao, et al. The ER-Localized Transmembrane Protein EPG-3/VMP1 Regulates SERCA Activity to Control ER-Isolation Membrane Contacts for Autophagosome Formation. Mol Cell. 2017 Sep 21;67(6):974-989.e6. [Content Brief]

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