Self-Manipulating Sodium Ion Gradient-Based Endogenic Electrical Stimulation Dressing for Wound Repair

  • Adv Mater. 2025 Feb 14:e2419149. doi: 10.1002/adma.202419149.
Ruizeng Luo  1  2  3  4 ,  Yijie Fan  1  4 ,  Yilin Qi  1  4 ,  Yuan Bai  1  5 ,  Meng Xiao  1  4 ,  Yujia Lv  1 ,  Jinrui Liang  6 ,  Mingcheng Tang  3 ,  Jiaping Zhang  3 ,  Zhou Li  1  2  3  4  5 ,  Dan Luo  1
Affiliations
  • 1. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.
  • 2. Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
  • 3. Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
  • 4. School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
  • 5. Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
  • 6. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
PMID: 39951003 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202419149
Abstract

Endogenous electric field (EF) originating from differences in ionic gradients plays a decisive role in the wound healing process. Based on this understanding, a self-manipulating sodium ion gradient-based endogenic electrical stimulation dressing (smig-EESD) is developed to achieve passive, non-invasive, endogenic electrical stimulation of wounds, which avoids the side effects of electrode occupancy, electrochemical reactions, and thermal effects present in traditional exogenous electrical stimulation. smig-EESD reduced the potential at the center of the wound by specifically absorbing Na+ in the exudate, ultimately strengthening the wound endogenous EF. Importantly, smig-EESD converted the active transport dependent on Na+/K+-ATPase into passive diffusion by adsorbing extracellular matrix Na+, and the saved ATP consumption promoted tissue repair process. smig-EESD regulated innate and adaptive immune responses by upregulating the secretion of multiple cytokines, thereby suppressing injury-associated inflammatory responses and reducing scar formation. smig-EESD reveals an endogenic electrical stimulation strategy that is independent of electrodes and circuits, and provides new insights into the future development of electronic medicine.

Keywords
electric stimulation therapy; endogenic electrical stimulation dressing; hard carbon; ion absorption; wound repair.
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