copper atom

Metal nanoclusters, containing anywhere from a few to hundreds of atoms, bridge the gap between nanoparticles and molecular compounds, typically exhibiting molecular-like electrical and optical properties. Furthermore, metal nanoclusters possess advantages such as significant Stokes scattering and size- and ligand-dependent fluorescence characteristics, making them an emerging class of materials for constructing fluorescence platforms. Current research primarily focuses on the synthesis and application of noble metal nanoclusters like gold and silver. However, copper, belonging to the same group as gold and silver in the periodic table, is inexpensive, environmentally friendly, readily available, has a simple preparation process, and low toxicity, making it widely applicable in industry. In addition, copper nanoclusters exhibit better photostability than organic dyes and better environmental friendliness than semiconductor quantum dots, making them suitable for trace detection.

Copper dihydroxide is a copper group metal hydroxide molecule with significant covalent character, a planar ²B₉ ground-state electronic state, and C_2h symmetry .