Pembrolizumab
Based on 37 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) is a humanized IgG4 antibody inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor, used in cancer immunotherapy.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.82%
- CAS No.: 1374853-91-4
- Molecular Weight:145.24 kDa
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pembrolizumab
More- Immunity. 2024 Feb 13;57(2):256-270.e10. [Abstract]
- Cancer Commun (Lond). 2025 Aug;45(8):1010-1037. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 12;13(1):4032. [Abstract]
- Cell Discov. 2025 Oct 7;11(1):81. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jun 3;23(1):413. [Abstract]
- MedComm (2020). 2025 Sep 12;6(9):e70354. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2025 Jan 21;16(1):34. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2021 May 9;12(5):465. [Abstract]
- J Immunother Cancer. 2024 Aug 6;12(8):e009024. [Abstract]
- J Immunother Cancer. 2022 Mar;10(3):e003667. [Abstract]
- Mol Med. 2025 Aug 16;31(1):278. [Abstract]
- Mater Des. 2026 Feb 3.
- Talanta. 2026 Jul 22;312(Pt A):130345.
- Oncoimmunology. 2025 Dec;14(1):2466305. [Abstract]
- J Biomed Inform. 2023 Jun:142:104383. [Abstract]
- Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2022 Jul;71(7):1645-1654. [Abstract]
- Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2026 Jan 6;49(1):15. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Oct 30:164:115406. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2020 Oct 19;3(10):7080-7086. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 12;15(1):25283. [Abstract]
- Int J Cancer. 2024 Jul 15;155(2):324-338. [Abstract]
- Cancer Res Commun. 2026 Feb 4. [Abstract]
- Biotechnol Bioeng. 2025 Nov 10. [Abstract]
- Oral Dis. 2025 Jul 20. [Abstract]
- Immunol Res. 2024 Aug;72(4):766-775. [Abstract]
- Oncol Lett. 2026 Jun 17;32(2):357.
- chemRxiv.
- medRxiv. 2026 Jan 2.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Sep 7.
- Authorea. 2025 May 28.
- Northeastern University. 2025.
- bioRxiv. 2024 September 07.
- bioRxiv. 2024 May 14.
- bioRxiv. 2023 Nov 13.
- bioRxiv. 2023 May 12.
- Research Square Print. 2022 Aug.
- Patent. US20200261591A1
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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IF
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
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Flow Cytometry
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Others
Biological Activity
Description
Isotype
Human IgG4 kappa
Recommend Isotype Controls
Species Reactivity
Human
IC50 & Target
PDCD1/PD-1/CD279
In Vitro
Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) increases the secretion of cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and the apoptotic cell death of A549 cells[2].
Pembrolizumab improves the αROR1-CAR T-mediated cytotoxicity, and reduces tumorigenesis in the co-cultured αROR1-CAR T and A549 cells by blocking PD-1::PD-L1 interaction in αROR1-CAR T cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:αROR1-CAR T and A549 cells
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Concentration:10 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:Adding Pembrolizumab after A549-Red-Fluc cells preconditioned in elevated pressure (+ 100 mmHg) for 7 days.
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Result:Enhanced αROR1-CAR T killing of A549 lung cancer cells under elevated pressure.
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Cell Line:A549 cells
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Concentration:10 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:
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Result:Increased the apoptotic cell death in A549 cells, and improve the αROR1-CAR T-mediated cytotoxicity.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Six-week-old male BALB/c athymic nude mice[2]
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Dosage:5 mg/kg
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Administration:Pembrolizumab (5 mg/kg; Intravenous injection; Once)
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Result:Reduced tumorigenesis in αROR1-CAR T cells and co-cultured with A549 cells.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Gene ID
Accession
Conjugated
Unconjugated
Reconsititution
The product can be reconstituted/diluted with sterile PBS or saline.
Format
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Human IgG4 kappa
Application
ELISA, FACS, Functional assay
Verified Bioactivity
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1374853-91-4
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Appearance Liquid
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Molecular Weight 145.24 kDa
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Color Colorless to light yellow
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SMILES
[Pembrolizumab]
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Synonyms
MK-3475; Lambrolizumab
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Shipping
Shipping with dry ice.
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Formulation
Please refer to the lot-specific COA for specific buffer information.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications (37)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Immunity
Antibody agonists trigger immune receptor signaling through local exclusion of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases. [Abstract]2024 Feb 13;57(2):256-270.e10. PMID: 38354703 -
Cancer Commun (Lond)
Lipid metabolism reprograming by SREBP1-PCSK9 targeting sensitizes pancreatic cancer to immunochemotherapy. [Abstract]2025 Aug;45(8):1010-1037. PMID: 40439109
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Commun (Lond). 2025 Aug;45(8):1010-1037. [Abstract]
Plots of tumor growth and tumor weight for each group (5 mice/group). The results showed that in mice, the combination of Pembrolizumab and Evolocumab significantly enhanced anti-tumor efficacy compared to Pembrolizumab alone (100 µg/mouse; i.p., every 7 days).
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Nat Commun
Precision cancer sono-immunotherapy using deep-tissue activatable semiconducting polymer immunomodulatory nanoparticles. [Abstract]2022 Jul 12;13(1):4032. PMID: 35821238
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 12;13(1):4032. [Abstract]
PD-L1/PD-1 binding activity assay after treatment with free aPD-L1 (Pembrolizumab) or SPIND2 (40 µg/mL) with or without US irradiation.
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 12;13(1):4032. [Abstract]
Relative tumor volumes of primary tumors of Panc02 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice (n = 6) after systemic injection of saline, free-drug mixture (on day 0, 3, and 6, 4 mg/kg body weight for NLG919 and aPD-L1(Pembrolizumab)), or SPIND2 (0.2 mL, 0.6 mg/mL) with or without US irradiation.
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Cell Discov
Ferroptosis-induced SUMO2 lactylation counteracts ferroptosis by enhancing ACSL4 degradation in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Oct 7;11(1):81. PMID: 41057295 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Targeting CD39 boosts PD-1 blockade antitumor therapeutic efficacy via strengthening CD8 + TILs function and recruiting B cells in cervical cancer. [Abstract]2025 Jun 3;23(1):413. PMID: 40462160 -
MedComm (2020)
Plasmacytoid and CD141+ Myeloid Dendritic Cells Cooperation with CD8+ T Cells in Lymph Nodes is Associated with HIV Control. [Abstract]2025 Sep 12;6(9):e70354. PMID: 40949488 -
Cell Death Dis
2025 Jan 21;16(1):34. PMID: 39837817
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2025 Jan 21;16(1):34. [Abstract]
Pembrolizumab (pembro) (5-10 µg/mL, 24 h). AMM16 cells were transfected with control siRNA (siRNA ctrl; left panels) or AR siRNA (siRNA AR; right panels) and treated with the indicated ICIs at 35 μg/ml. The red fluorescence from the propidium iodide (PI) and the green fluorescence from the acridin orange (AO) staining indicate dead and total cells, respectively.
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Cell Death Dis
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells regulate the immunosuppressive functions of PD-1-PD-L1+ Bregs through PD-L1/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB axis in breast cancer. [Abstract]2021 May 9;12(5):465. PMID: 33967272
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2021 May 9;12(5):465. [Abstract]
4T1 tumor-bearing mice treated with anti-PD-1 mAbs (Pembrolizumab, 10 mg/kg; i.p.; twice a week) or LY2940002 (25 mg/kg; i.p.; twice a week) were euthanized at Day21 and the tumor volume were measured. The results showed that the administration of anti-PD-1 mAbs (Pembrolizumab), LY294002, or their combination significantly inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice.
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J Immunother Cancer
Targeting tumor-associated macrophage-derived CD74 improves efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with PD-1 blockade for cervical cancer. [Abstract]2024 Aug 6;12(8):e009024. PMID: 39107132
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Immunother Cancer. 2024 Aug 6;12(8):e009024. [Abstract]
The PD-1 expression of macrophages isolated from the subcutaneous tumor microenvironment of mice was detected by flow cytometry (n=5). The results showed that Pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 Ab) (20 µg/mL, 24 h) reduced PD-1 expression.
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J Immunother Cancer
Targeting CD96 overcomes PD-1 blockade resistance by enhancing CD8+ TIL function in cervical cancer. [Abstract]2022 Mar;10(3):e003667. PMID: 35288463 -
Mol Med
Targeting LINC02544/miR-497-5p/CAPRIN1 axis via exosome-based siRNA to overcome immunotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. [Abstract]2025 Aug 16;31(1):278. PMID: 40819077
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Med. 2025 Aug 16;31(1):278. [Abstract]
Scratch assay comparing the migration ability of MDA-MB-231/PEM and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with 10 µg/mL Pembrolizumab (PEM).
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Oncoimmunology
Patient-derived tumor explant models of tumor immune microenvironment reveal distinct and reproducible immunotherapy responses. [Abstract]2025 Dec;14(1):2466305. PMID: 39960413 -
J Biomed Inform
2023 Jun:142:104383. PMID: 37196989 -
Cancer Immunol Immunother
Distribution, phenotype, functional and clinical relevance of CD8+CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells in human gastric cancer. [Abstract]2022 Jul;71(7):1645-1654. PMID: 34767045 -
Cell Oncol (Dordr)
Optimized patient-derived lung cancer organoids recapitulating the immune landscape for precision therapy evaluation. [Abstract]2026 Jan 6;49(1):15. PMID: 41493730 -
Int Immunopharmacol
The role and mechanism of PAK5 in the development and immunotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Oct 30:164:115406. PMID: 40876424 -
ACS Appl Bio Mater
2020 Oct 19;3(10):7080-7086. PMID: 35019367
Pembrolizumab purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2020 Oct 19;3(10):7080-7086. [Abstract]
The immunofluorescence images of the tumor from the PBS- (A), random sequence- (B), anti-PD-1 antibody- (Pembrolizumab (5 mg/kg; s.c.; every other day for 16 days)) (C) and isotype antibody-treated group (D); The scale bar in the images is 50 µm.
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Sci Rep
Pembrolizumab promotes degradation of cyclin dependent kinase 6 and suppresses ovarian cancer progression in vitro. [Abstract]2025 Jul 12;15(1):25283. PMID: 40652113 -
Int J Cancer
Establishment of patient-derived organoids for guiding personalized therapies in breast cancer patients. [Abstract]2024 Jul 15;155(2):324-338. PMID: 38533706 -
Cancer Res Commun
Functionally Characterizing the Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumor-Immune Microenvironment via Patient-Derived Ex Vivo Models. [Abstract]2026 Feb 4. PMID: 41637441 -
Biotechnol Bioeng
Elucidation of Proteoforms of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Phospholipase B-Like 2 (PLBL2) Captured From a Monoclonal Antibody. [Abstract]2025 Nov 10. PMID: 41211761 -
Oral Dis
Effect of PTEN Overexpression Plus Anti-PD-1 on Immune Escape in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Jul 20. PMID: 40684460 -
Immunol Res
FOXP4-AS1 promotes CD8+ T cell exhaustion and esophageal cancer immune escape through USP10-stabilized PD-L1. [Abstract]2024 Aug;72(4):766-775. PMID: 38687433 -
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Protocols
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Mammalian live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining
Live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining assays are based on the simultaneous detection of intracellular esterase activity in metabolically active (viable) cells and membrane integrity loss in non-viable cells. In commonly used dual-staining approaches, membrane-permeant fluorogenic substrates are converted by intracellular esterases into fluorescent products in live cells, while impermeant DNA-binding dyes selectively enter cells with compromised plasma membranes and label nucleic acids in dead or dying cells, enabling discrimination between viable and non-viable populations by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (263 KB)
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SDS (418 KB)
- English - EN (418 KB)
- Français - FR (418 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (418 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (418 KB)
- Español - ES (418 KB)
- Swedish - SV (418 KB)
- Italian - IT (418 KB)
- Korean - KR (418 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (418 KB)
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Inhibitory Antibodies User Guide (603 KB)
References
[1]. Amita Patnaik, et al. Phase I Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475; Anti–PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res.2015Oct1;21(19):4286-93. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zhenglin Ou, et al. Pressure increases PD‑L1 expression in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and causes resistance to anti‑ROR1 CAR T cell‑mediated cytotoxicity, Sci Rep [Content Brief]
[4]. Schachter J, et al. Pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab for advanced melanoma: final overall survival results of a multicentre, randomised, open-label phase 3 study (KEYNOTE-006). Lancet. 2017 Aug 16. pii: S0140-6736(17)31601-X. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)