Smoothened Antibody
(Synonyms: SMOH, SMO, Protein smoothened, Protein Gx)Smoothened Antibody is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG Polyclonal antibody, targeting to Smoothened.
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Host:
Rabbit
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Isotype:
IgG
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Application:
WB, IHC-P
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Reactivity :
Human, Mouse, Rat
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Formulation:
Supplied in PBS (pH 7.4), containing 30% glycerol, and 0.01% sodium azide.
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Conjugation:
Non-conjugated
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Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
Applications
| Application |
WB
WB: Western Blot
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IHC-P
IHC-P: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
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|---|---|---|
| Dilution Ratio | 1:1000-2000 | 1:100-200 |
Product Details
Smoothened Antibody is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG Polyclonal antibody, targeting to Smoothened.
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Host Rabbit
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Clonality Polyclonal
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Species ReactivityHuman, Mouse, Rat
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Observed Molecular WeightObserved band size: 95 kDa
Note: Due to possible protein modifications or aggregation, the molecular weight should be confirmed by actual measurement, and the predicted value is for reference only.
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Calculated Molecular Weight Predicted band size: 86 kDa
Synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-term region of human Smoothened.
Endogenous
affinity purified.
Non-conjugated
Unmodified
IgG
Product Properties
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Appearance
Solution
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Formulation
Supplied in PBS (pH 7.4), containing 30% glycerol, and 0.01% sodium azide.
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Storage & Stability
Stored at -20°C for 1 year. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.
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Shipping
Shipping with blue ice.
Background
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Function
Smoothened is a G protein-coupled receptor, which transduces the smoothened signaling pathway. Activated by cholesterol in response to hedgehog (DHH, IHH or SHH) morphogens. In absence of hedgehog, SMO is inactivated by patched protein (PTCH1 or PTCH2), which prevents SMO access to cholesterol. In response to hedgehog-binding to pathched, inhibition is relieved, promoting SMO translocation to primary cilium and activation by cholesterol: cholesterol causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via G protein G(i), mediating inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity and decreassed production of cAMP. Decreased cAMP levels then inhibit protein kinase A (PKA) and promote release of GLI (GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3) transcription factors, which activate expression of target genes. Active SMO also directly inhibits PKA by sequestering its catalytic subunit, PRKACA, at the cell membrane, preventing PRKACA-mediated phosphorylation and subsequent processing of GLI transcription factors. Active SMO also promotes the removal of GPR161, a key inhibitor of the smoothened signaling pathway, from primary cilia (By similarity)[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
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Subcellular Localization
Cell membrane; Cell projection, cilium membrane
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Isoforms & Post-Translational Modification
Smoothened has an amino acid length of 787, molecular weight is 86397 Da.
Phosphorylation by GRK2 and/GRK3 kinases promotes interaction with protein kinase A catalytic subunit PRKACA. -
Subunit
Homodimer.
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SwissProt ID
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Synonyms
SMOH, SMO, Protein smoothened, Protein Gx
Documentation
[1]. Endoh-Yamagami S, et al. The mammalian Cos2 homolog Kif7 plays an essential role in modulating Hh signal transduction during development. Curr Biol. 2009 Aug 11;19(15):1320-6. [Content Brief]
[2]. Byrne EFX, et al. Structural basis of Smoothened regulation by its extracellular domains. Nature. 2016 Jul 28;535(7613):517-522. [Content Brief]
[3]. Xiao X, et al. Cholesterol Modification of Smoothened Is Required for Hedgehog Signaling. Mol Cell. 2017 Apr 6;66(1):154-162.e10. [Content Brief]
[4]. Qi X, et al. Cryo-EM structure of oxysterol-bound human Smoothened coupled to a heterotrimeric G(i). Nature. 2019 Jul;571(7764):279-283. [Content Brief]
[5]. Qi X, et al. Sterols in an intramolecular channel of Smoothened mediate Hedgehog signaling. Nat Chem Biol. 2020 Dec;16(12):1368-1375. [Content Brief]
[6]. Happ JT, et al. A PKA inhibitor motif within SMOOTHENED controls Hedgehog signal transduction. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2022 Oct;29(10):990-999. [Content Brief]
[7]. Walker MF, et al. GRK2 kinases in the primary cilium initiate SMOOTHENED-PKA signaling in the Hedgehog cascade. PLoS Biol. 2024 Aug;22(8):e3002685. [Content Brief]
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