Clozapine
Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Clozapine (HF 1854) is an antipsychotic used for the research of schizophrenia. Clozapine has high affinity for a number of neuroreceptors. Clozapine is a potent antagonist of dopamine D2 with a Ki of 75 nM. Clozapine inhibits the muscarinic M1 receptor and serotonin 5HT2A receptor with Kis of 9.5 nM and 4 nM, respectively. Clozapine is also a potent and selective agonist at the muscarinic M4 receptor (EC50=11 nM).
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Reinheit: 99.84%
- CAS. Nr.: 5786-21-0
- Formel: C18H19ClN4
- Molecular Weight:326.83
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Speicherung:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Clozapine
More- Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 13;16(1):11318. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 1;15(1):7603. [Abstract]
- Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Jun;26(6):2514-2532. [Abstract]
- Commun Med (Lond). 2025 Jul 1;5(1):249. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharm Sci. 2023 Aug 1:187:106475. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharm Sci. 2021 Sep 1:164:105889. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Methods. 2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. [Abstract]
- FEBS J. 2024 Nov;291(21):4680-4695. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Oct 30:786:152756. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2024 November 03.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Jun 8:2024.06.07.597973. [Abstract]
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
Alle Dopamine Receptor Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen
MoreAlle Adrenergic Receptor Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen
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Biologische Aktivität
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5-HT2A Receptor 4 nM (Ki, Inhibitor) |
5-HT2A Receptor |
5-HT6 Receptor |
5-HT7 Receptor |
mAChR1 9.5 nM (Ki, Antagonist) |
mAChR4 11 nM (EC50, Agonist) |
α2-adrenergic receptor 51 nM (Ki, Inhibitor) |
D2 Receptor 75 nM (Ki, Antagonist) |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHO | EC50 |
56 μM
Compound: clozapine
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Cytotoxicity against CHO cells by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against CHO cells by MTT assay
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[PMID: 17870534] |
| CHO | IC50 |
206 nM
Compound: 1
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Inhibition of human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in intact CHO FlpIn cells assessed as inhibition of receptor-mediated mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation by Alpha-Screen plate-based assay
Inhibition of human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in intact CHO FlpIn cells assessed as inhibition of receptor-mediated mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation by Alpha-Screen plate-based assay
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[PMID: 22243698] |
| CHO | IC50 |
3.6 μM
Compound: clozapine
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Inhibition of Cav1.2 current measured using QPatch automatic path clamp system in CHO cells expressing Cav1.2, beta-2 and alpha-2/delta-1 subunits
Inhibition of Cav1.2 current measured using QPatch automatic path clamp system in CHO cells expressing Cav1.2, beta-2 and alpha-2/delta-1 subunits
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[PMID: 23812503] |
| CHO | IC50 |
4.1 x 10-8 M
Compound: Clozapine
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Displacement of [3H]methylspiperone from human recombinant Dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in CHO cells
Displacement of [3H]methylspiperone from human recombinant Dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in CHO cells
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[PMID: 26988801] |
| CHO | IC50 |
4.1 x 10-8 M
Compound: Clozapine
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Displacement of [3H]methyl-spiperone from human recombinant dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
Displacement of [3H]methyl-spiperone from human recombinant dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
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[PMID: 27876250] |
| CHO | IC50 |
4.1 x 10-2 μM
Compound: Clozapine
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Displacement of [3H]methyl-spiperone from human recombinant dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
Displacement of [3H]methyl-spiperone from human recombinant dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
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[PMID: 27876250] |
| CHO | IC50 |
0.058 μM
Compound: clozapine
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Inhibitory concentration against human Dopamine receptor D4.2 in CHO cells
Inhibitory concentration against human Dopamine receptor D4.2 in CHO cells
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[PMID: 8831770] |
| CHO-K1 | IC50 |
9.4 nM
Compound: 4
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Inhibition of binding of 1.0 nM [3H]pirenzepine to cloned human Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 expressed in membranes from CHO-K1 cells
Inhibition of binding of 1.0 nM [3H]pirenzepine to cloned human Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 expressed in membranes from CHO-K1 cells
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[PMID: 10377229] |
| CHO-K1 | IC50 |
9.4 nM
Compound: 1
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Inhibitory binding of [3H]pirenzepine to human Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 in membranes from CHO-K1 cells
Inhibitory binding of [3H]pirenzepine to human Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 in membranes from CHO-K1 cells
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[PMID: 9406603] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
650 nM
Compound: Clozapine
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Inhibition of human ERG expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay
Inhibition of human ERG expressed in HEK293 cells by electrophysiology assay
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[PMID: 23675993] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
17 nM
Compound: Clozapine
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Displacement of [3H]LSD from human cloned 5-HT6 receptor expressed in HeLa cells
Displacement of [3H]LSD from human cloned 5-HT6 receptor expressed in HeLa cells
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[PMID: 24495863] |
| Sf21 | IC50 |
126.1 μM
Compound: Clozapine
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Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake
Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake
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[PMID: 21965623] |
| Sf21 | IC50 |
196.5 μM
Compound: Clozapine
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Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake
Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake
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[PMID: 21965623] |
| WI-38 | CC50 |
40 μM
Compound: Clozapine
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Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in cellular DNA level preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay
Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in cellular DNA level preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay
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[PMID: 17893158] |
| WI-38 | EC50 |
23.26 μM
Compound: Clozapine
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Antiviral activity against BKV Gardner ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA level preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay
Antiviral activity against BKV Gardner ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA level preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay
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[PMID: 17893158] |
Clozapine (HF 1854) is a D2 receptor antagonist with a Ki of 75 nM, blocks the serotonin 5HT2A receptor with a Ki of 4 nM, inhibits the muscarinic M1 receptor with a Ki of 9.5 nM, blocks α2-adrenoceptor with a Ki value of 51 nM[1].
Clozapine (0-1 μM; 24 h) downregulates 5-HT6 and upregulates 5-HT7 receptors in HeLa cells[2].
Clozapine is a full agonist at the muscarinic M4 receptor (EC50=11 nM) expressed in CHO cells[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male 129 S6/Sv mice, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)-induced psychosis model[3]
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Dosage:25 mg/kg/day
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, 21 days
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Result:Decreased head-twitch response, reduced 5-HT2A mRNA, rescued induction of c-fos, but not egr-1 and egr-2.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 5786-21-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 326.83
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Formel C18H19ClN4
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Color Light yellow to yellow
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SMILES
CN1CCN(CC1)C2=NC3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3NC4=CC=CC=C42
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Synonyms
HF 1854; ZINC000019796155
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (11)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Commun
Norepinephrine-mediated arousal fluctuations drive inverted U-shaped functional connectivity dynamics. [Abstract]2025 Dec 13;16(1):11318. PMID: 41390822
Clozapine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 13;16(1):11318. [Abstract]
In isoflurane anesthetized mice, the injection of Clozapine (0.03 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly increased EEG-based arousal index, but from a low to middle arousal level.
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Nat Commun
2024 Sep 1;15(1):7603. PMID: 39217143
Clozapine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 1;15(1):7603. [Abstract]
Representative current clamp recording of a NPYDRN/vlPAG-hM4Di neuron with the bath of Clozapine (5 μM). Average membrane potential and firing frequency before and after Clozapine application to inhibit NPY DRN/vlPAGneurons were also recorded. Clozapine effectively inhibited hM4Di+ NPYDRN/vlPAG neurons with decreased neuronal membrane potential and firing frequency.
Clozapine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 1;15(1):7603. [Abstract]
Percentage of body weight changes, daily food intake and its area under curve (AUC) of mCherry-restraint and hM4Di-restraint mice. Clozapine (i.p.; 0.2mg/kg; 30 min before restraint for 14 d) caused NPYhM4Di mice to consume less food and lost more body weight than NPYmCherry mice during chronic restraint stress.
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Mol Psychiatry
2021 Jun;26(6):2514-2532. PMID: 33303946
Clozapine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Jun;26(6):2514-2532. [Abstract]
The administration of Clozapine (i.p.; 2 d) restored impaired PPI in female ZFP804A mutant mice.
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Commun Med (Lond)
AI-enabled drug prediction and gene network analysis reveal therapeutic use of vorinostat for Rett Syndrome in preclinical models. [Abstract]2025 Jul 1;5(1):249. PMID: 40595330 -
Eur J Pharm Sci
Investigating the relevance of CYP2J2 inhibition for drugs known to cause intermediate to high risk torsades de pointes. [Abstract]2023 Aug 1:187:106475. PMID: 37225005 -
Eur J Pharm Sci
Atypical kinetics of cytochrome P450 2J2: Epoxidation of arachidonic acid and reversible inhibition by xenobiotic inhibitors. [Abstract]2021 Sep 1:164:105889. PMID: 34044117 -
Cell Rep Methods
RECOVER identifies synergistic drug combinations in vitro through sequential model optimization. [Abstract]2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. PMID: 37797618 -
FEBS J
TRPM7 controls skin keratinocyte senescence by targeting intracellular calcium signaling. [Abstract]2024 Nov;291(21):4680-4695. PMID: 39185948
Clozapine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: FEBS J. 2024 Nov;291(21):4680-4695. [Abstract]
HaCaT cells were transfected with siNC or siRNA against TRPM7 and then treated with Clozapine (Clo) (10 μM; 6 d) the next day. Clozapine (Clo) promoted activation of TRPM7 and increased SA-b-Gal activity.
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Dual-cardiotoxicity evaluation of torsadogenic risk drugs using human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. [Abstract]2025 Oct 30:786:152756. PMID: 41043280 -
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bioRxiv
Functional coupling between MC4R and Kir7.1 contributes to clozapine-induced hyperphagia. [Abstract]2024 Jun 8:2024.06.07.597973. PMID: 38895206
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (152.98 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.65 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.65 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (282 KB)
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SDS (644 KB)
- English - EN (644 KB)
- Français - FR (644 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (644 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (644 KB)
- Español - ES (644 KB)
- Swedish - SV (644 KB)
- Italian - IT (644 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (644 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. Seeman P, et al. Clozapine, a fast-off-D2 antipsychotic. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2014 Jan 15;5(1):24-9. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zhukovskaya NL, et al. Clozapine downregulates 5-hydroxytryptamine6 (5-HT6) and upregulates 5-HT7 receptors in HeLa cells. Neurosci Lett. 2000 Jul 21;288(3):236-40. [Content Brief]
[3]. Moreno JL, et al. Persistent effects of chronic clozapine on the cellular and behavioral responses to LSD in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Jan;225(1):217-26. [Content Brief]
[4]. Zorn SH, et al. Clozapine is a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor agonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Nov 15;269(3):R1-2. [Content Brief]
[5]. Takano R, et al. Clozapine as an E3 Ligand for PROTAC Technology. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2025 Jan 8;16(2):258-262. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.0597 mL | 15.2985 mL | 30.5969 mL | 76.4924 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6119 mL | 3.0597 mL | 6.1194 mL | 15.2985 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3060 mL | 1.5298 mL | 3.0597 mL | 7.6492 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2040 mL | 1.0199 mL | 2.0398 mL | 5.0995 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1530 mL | 0.7649 mL | 1.5298 mL | 3.8246 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1224 mL | 0.6119 mL | 1.2239 mL | 3.0597 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1020 mL | 0.5099 mL | 1.0199 mL | 2.5497 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0765 mL | 0.3825 mL | 0.7649 mL | 1.9123 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0612 mL | 0.3060 mL | 0.6119 mL | 1.5298 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0510 mL | 0.2550 mL | 0.5099 mL | 1.2749 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0382 mL | 0.1912 mL | 0.3825 mL | 0.9562 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0306 mL | 0.1530 mL | 0.3060 mL | 0.7649 mL |