Interleukin-37

Definition:

Immune regulatory cytokine that acts as a suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses involved in curbing excessive inflammation. Signaling can occur via two mechanisms, intracellularly through nuclear translocation with SMAD3 and extracellularly after secretion and binding to its receptor composed of IL18R1 and IL18RAP. Suppresses, or reduces, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, including IL1A and IL6, as well as CCL12, CSF1, CSF2, CXCL13, IL1B, IL23A and IL1RN, but spares anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibits dendritic cell activation.

References:

[1]. Marcel F Nold, et al. IL-37 is a fundamental inhibitor of innate immunity. Nat Immunol. 2010 Nov;11(11):1014-22. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zinan Z Zhang, et al. Homozygous IL37 mutation associated with infantile inflammatory bowel disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Mar 9;118(10):e2009217118. [Content Brief]

[3]. Sheetal Sharma, et al. The IL-1 family member 7b translocates to the nucleus and down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines. J Immunol. 2008 Apr 15;180(8):5477-82. [Content Brief]

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