TiO2 Nanotube Implants Modified with Silk Fibroin and Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite Coatings Enable Efficient Drug Release to Promote Osteogenesis

  • ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 May 28;17(21):30600-30612. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c03599.
Yanting Mu  1 ,  Ming Li  2 ,  Xiang Zhao  1  3  4 ,  Chaihong Gong  3  5 ,  Zhang Luo  3  5 ,  Bing Li  4 ,  Weiying Zhang  5 ,  Xiaoxiao Ge  3 ,  Su Chen  1 ,  Jian Zhou  1  6  7
Affiliations
  • 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China.
  • 2. China-America Institute of Neuroscience and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
  • 3. Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
  • 4. Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
  • 5. School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
  • 6. Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
  • 7. Laboratory for Oral and General Health Integration and Translation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
PMID: 40289330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c03599
Abstract

Enhanced bone healing within 1 week after post-titanium (Ti) dental implant surgery especially contributes to the subsequent long-term osseointegration, and the commonly used drug-loaded TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) can promote osteogenesis yet still face the challenge of burst drug release that makes it difficult to maintain long-term effective drug concentrations and good osseointegration. Here, we prepared a double drug loading/release system of silk fibroin/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SF/MSN) nanocomposite coating modified TNTs (TAMA) with AZD2858 (Wnt/β-catenin pathway agonist for promoting osteogenesis) as the therapeutic drug, realizing a long-term stable drug release and better osteogenesis. The increased β-sheet content of SF reduced the degradation rate of the SF/MSN coating, thus avoiding the AZD2858 burst release. The adsorption of MSN maintained the effective drug concentration more than 1 week that was especially critical for early bone healing. Under the protection of SF/MSN coating, the TAMA implant showed a well-organized spatial release of AZD2858, well enabling the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization at cellular level for up to 21 days. Animal experiments further demonstrated that the slow release of AZD2858 in the TAMA implant effectively activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, enabling rapid bone healing in the early stage of implantation and finally achieving the best osseointegration efficacy. Thus, this study proposed an efficient strategy for developing high-performance dental implants via the construction of a biodegradable SF/MSN coating.

Keywords
TiO2 nanotubes; coating; dental implant; drug delivery; osseointegration.
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