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Results for "

intestinal flora

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (1) Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) (4) Antibiotic (6) Apoptosis (9) Aquaporin (1) Autophagy (2) Bacterial (9) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (1) Drug Intermediate (1) Drug Metabolite (1) Endogenous Metabolite (20) Environmental Pollutants (5) ERK (1) Ferroptosis (4) Fungal (4) Glutathione Peroxidase (4) HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) (1) Interleukin Related (3) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (8) Keap1-Nrf2 (6) Mitochondrial Metabolism (1) MMP (1) MyD88 (3) NADH Dehydrogenase (1) NF-κB (4) p38 MAPK (2) PPAR (1) Prostaglandin Receptor (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (5) Reference Standards (8) SARS-CoV (2) TNF Receptor (1) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (3) Virus Protease (2) β-glucuronidase (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (9) Cardiovascular Disease (6) Endocrinology (1) Infection (13) Inflammation/Immunology (16) Metabolic Disease (16) Neurological Disease (12)

By Targets:

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (1)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) (4)

Antibiotic (6)

Apoptosis (9)

Aquaporin (1)

Autophagy (2)

Bacterial (9)

Biochemical Assay Reagents (1)

DNA/RNA Synthesis (1)

Drug Intermediate (1)

Drug Metabolite (1)

Endogenous Metabolite (20)

Environmental Pollutants (5)

ERK (1)

Ferroptosis (4)

Fungal (4)

Glutathione Peroxidase (4)

HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) (1)

Interleukin Related (3)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (8)

Keap1-Nrf2 (6)

Mitochondrial Metabolism (1)

MMP (1)

MyD88 (3)

NADH Dehydrogenase (1)

NF-κB (4)

p38 MAPK (2)

PPAR (1)

Prostaglandin Receptor (1)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (5)

Reference Standards (8)

SARS-CoV (2)

TNF Receptor (1)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (3)

Virus Protease (2)

β-glucuronidase (1)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (9)

Cardiovascular Disease (6)

Endocrinology (1)

Infection (13)

Inflammation/Immunology (16)

Metabolic Disease (16)

Neurological Disease (12)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-116282C

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) Maximum Cited Publications 9 Publications Verification DSS (MW 35000-45000); DXS (MW 35000-45000)	Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 35000-45000. DSS with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) is a potent inducer of colitis. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) can be used to induce model acute colitis, chronic colitis, and colitis-related colon cancer. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) may be related to macrophage dysfunction, intestinal flora dysbiosis, and is particularly toxic to the colonic epithelium .

HY-W001083

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid 1 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders .

HY-N7088

Raffinose 1 Publications Verification Melitose	NF-κB Autophagy Keap1-Nrf2 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active .

HY-113212

Ursocholic acid 1 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis .

HY-177475

LysoPC(20:4) 1-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease Cancer
LysoPC 20:4 (20:4) (1-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a serum metabolite. LysoPC 20:4 (20:4) decreases in tumor-bearing mice, but the reduction is not significant. LysoPC (20:4) can be used in cancer and obesity-related research .

HY-N0886

Aloin B 3 Publications Verification Isobarbaloin	SARS-CoV Virus Protease	Infection Endocrinology Cancer
Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) is an orally active SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 16.08 μM (hydrolytic activity) and 17.51 μM (deubiquitinase activity). Aloin B is metabolized by rat intestinal flora into aloe-emodin-9-anthrone to exert laxative effects. Aloin B inhibits TPA (HY-18739)-induced ear edema, putrescine elevation, and tumor promotion in mouse skin. Aloin B can be used in research related to anti-inflammation, tumor promotion inhibition, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and constipation .

HY-N0626

Sorbic acid	Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Antibiotic	Infection Neurological Disease Cancer
Sorbic acid is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Sorbic acid inhibits microbial growth. Sorbic acid suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Sorbic acid can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-N0626A

Potassium sorbate Sorbic acid potassium	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Antibiotic Bacterial Fungal	Infection
Potassium sorbate (Sorbic acid potassium) is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Potassium sorbate inhibits microbial growth. Potassium sorbate suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Potassium sorbate can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-W012836

4-Ethylphenol 1 Publications Verification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-B1648

Ferric pyrophosphate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cardiovascular Disease
Ferric pyrophosphate is an orally effective anti-inflammatory agent and iron fortifier. Ferric pyrophosphate downregulates the expression of colonic pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulates the intestinal flora, and corrects the dysbiosis associated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Ferric pyrophosphate can be used in studies related to iron deficiency anemia .

HY-125130

Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside 1 Publications Verification Hes-7-G	HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) Bacterial Interleukin Related	Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside is a typical flavonoid monoglucoside, which is an anti-inflammatory agent and an antihypertensive with orally active. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside is a commonly used food adjuvant. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside inhibits human intestinal maltase and human HMG-CoA reductase with K_i of 1.8 mM and 9.8 μM, respectively. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside has antibacterial activity and can regulate intestinal flora and metabolic homeostasis in mice .

HY-W081067

Perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid HFPO-DA	PPAR	Infection
Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid (HFPO-DA) is an orally active PPARα agonist with an EC₅₀ of 2.1 μM for human PPARα. Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid induces peroxisome proliferation and increases the levels of proinflammatory mediators. It impairs intestinal barrier function and disrupts cecal flora balance. Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid is applicable to research related to developmental toxicity, hepatotoxicity and intestinal toxicity .

HY-N0237

Atractyloside A 3 Publications Verification	Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 NF-κB Mitochondrial Metabolism Interleukin Related Aquaporin	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Atractyloside A is an orally active inhibitor of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and also an opener of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Atractyloside A interferes with the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, thereby inhibiting intestinal inflammatory responses. Atractyloside A reverses mucin synthesis impairment, improves intestinal barrier integrity, and restores homeostasis by altering the composition of the gut microbiota. Atractyloside A can be used in studies related to spleen deficiency diarrhea and myocardial injury .

HY-B2162D

Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)	ERK p38 MAPK Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor MMP Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) (Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)) is an orally active, sulfated linear polysaccharide extracted from chickens, which belongs to glycosaminoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) reduces the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK, inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP, and downregulates the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE₂. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) improves motor function, protects cartilage tissue, reverses chondrocyte aggregation, and regulates the structure of intestinal flora. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) can be used in research related to osteoarthritis .

HY-W041892

Dimethyl itaconate 1 Publications Verification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Dimethyl itaconate induces innate immune memory (trained immunity), and exhibits immunomodulatory property. Dimethyl itaconate inhibits the activation of microglia, reduces the neuroinflammation and synaptic structural damage. Dimethyl itaconate regulates the composition of intestinal flora .

HY-17580S

Fidaxomicin-d7	Isotope-Labeled Compounds DNA/RNA Synthesis Bacterial Apoptosis Antibiotic	Infection
Fidaxomicin-d₇ (OPT-80-D₇) is the deuterium labeled Fidaxomicin. Fidaxomicin (OPT-80), a macrocyclic RNA polymerase inhibitor, has a narrow spectrum of activity. Fidaxomicin selectively eradicates pathogenic Clostridium difficile with minimal disruption to the multiple species of bacteria that make up the normal, healthy intestinal flora .

HY-N7541

Antrodin A	Others	Inflammation/Immunology
Antrodin A is one of the main active ingredients in the solid-state fermented A. camphorate mycelium. Antrodin A protects the liver from alcohol damage by improving the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of the liver and maintaining the stability of the intestinal flora .

HY-N0626AR

Potassium sorbate (Standard) Sorbic acid potassium (Standard)	Reference Standards Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Antibiotic	Infection
Potassium sorbate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Potassium sorbate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Potassium sorbate (Sorbic acid potassium) is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Potassium sorbate inhibits microbial growth. Potassium sorbate suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Potassium sorbate can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-N0626R

Sorbic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Antibiotic	Infection
Sorbic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sorbic acid (HY-N0626). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sorbic acid is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Sorbic acid inhibits microbial growth. Sorbic acid suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Sorbic acid can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-W588256

12-Tridecenoic acid	Endogenous Metabolite Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase	Infection
12-Tridecenoic acid is a metabolite of intestinal flora, which can promote the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACC) and inhibit the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), thereby aggravating hepatic steatosis. 12-Tridecenoic acid aggravates hepatic steatosis by affecting the ACC-CPT1A axis .

HY-N7088R

Raffinose (Standard) Melitose (Standard)	Reference Standards NF-κB Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 Keap1-Nrf2 Autophagy	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Raffinose (Standard) is the analytical standard of Raffinose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active .

HY-P5641

Pleurocidin 1 Publications Verification	Bacterial p38 MAPK NF-κB NADH Dehydrogenase Antibiotic	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Pleurocidin is an Antimicrobial peptide. Pleurocidin is derived from the skin mucosa or intestinal secretions of Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Pleurocidin inhibits the expression of key proteins in the MAPK and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways. Pleurocidin alters serum inflammatory and immune cytokine levels, regulates the down-regulation of tight junction proteins, and modulates the intestinal flora. Pleurocidin exerts antibacterial activity by inducing bacterial membrane damage, hydroxyl radical formation, and NADH depletion, and also produces a synergistic effect with Antibiotics. Pleurocidin alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Pleurocidin can be used for research on ulcerative colitis, bacterial infections, and bacterial biofilm-related infections .

HY-W012836S1

4-Ethylphenol-d10	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Ethylphenol-d₁₀ is the deuterium labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W012836S

4-Ethylphenol-d5	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Ethylphenol-d₅ is the deuterium labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W012836R

4-Ethylphenol (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Ethylphenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W001083R

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.

HY-W001083S1

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d5	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
2-(3-Hydroxyphenyl-2,4,6-d₃)acetic-2,2-d₂ acid is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.

HY-N0913AR

Isomaltotriose (Standard)	Reference Standards Bacterial Drug Intermediate	Metabolic Disease
Isomaltotriose (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isomaltotriose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isomaltotriose is a type of isomaltooligosaccharide belonging to the α-glucan family. Isomaltotriose acts not only as an important prebiotic component that can be differentially metabolized by beneficial intestinal bacteria to regulate the intestinal flora, but also as a valuable chemical synthesis precursor that can be modified enzymatically to introduce hydrophobic groups and converted into high-value functional molecules.

HY-173397

β-Glucuronidase-IN-3	β-glucuronidase Bacterial	Metabolic Disease
β-Glucuronidase-IN-3 (Compound 49) is a covalent allosteric β-glucuronidase inhibitor. β-Glucuronidase-IN-3 has potent inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase (EcGUS) (IC₅₀: 12.9 nM). β-Glucuronidase-IN-3 exerts its inhibitory effect by reversibly covalently modifying the cysteine residues (Cys28, Cys443, and Cys197) of EcGUS. β-Glucuronidase-IN-3 can be used in the study of intestinal microbiota-related diseases, especially to alleviate the toxic side effects of Irinotecan (HY-16562) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) .

HY-W012836S2

4-Ethylphenol-d2	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Ethylphenol-d₂ is deuterated labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W753473

4-Ethylphenol-d9	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
4-Ethylphenol-d₉ is the deuterium labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-113212S

Ursocholic acid-d4	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Ursocholic acid-d₄ is deuterium labeled Ursocholic acid. Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis .

HY-113212R

Ursocholic acid (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Ursocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ursocholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis[1][2][3][4][5].

HY-N0886R

Aloin B (Standard) Isobarbaloin (Standard)	Reference Standards Virus Protease SARS-CoV	Infection Metabolic Disease Cancer
Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aloin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aloin B is an orally active SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 16.08 μM (hydrolytic activity) and 17.51 μM (deubiquitinase activity). Aloin B is metabolized by rat intestinal flora into aloe-emodin-9-anthrone to exert laxative effects. Aloin B inhibits TPA (HY-18739)-induced ear edema, putrescine elevation, and tumor promotion in mouse skin. Aloin B can be used in research related to anti-inflammation, tumor promotion inhibition, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and constipation .

HY-N16449

Arachidonoylmorpholine	Drug Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Arachidonoylmorpholine is a metabolic regulatory molecule related to arachidonic acid metabolism. The level of Arachidonoylmorpholine will increase when the function of the intestinal flora is disrupted. Arachidonoylmorpholine is promising for research of pig gut health, such as post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets .

HY-W001083S2

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d6	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-B1648

Ferric pyrophosphate	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Ferric pyrophosphate is an orally effective anti-inflammatory agent and iron fortifier. Ferric pyrophosphate downregulates the expression of colonic pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulates the intestinal flora, and corrects the dysbiosis associated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Ferric pyrophosphate can be used in studies related to iron deficiency anemia .

HY-B2162D

Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) (Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)) is an orally active, sulfated linear polysaccharide extracted from chickens, which belongs to glycosaminoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) reduces the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK, inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP, and downregulates the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE₂. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) improves motor function, protects cartilage tissue, reverses chondrocyte aggregation, and regulates the structure of intestinal flora. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) can be used in research related to osteoarthritis .

Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken)

Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) (Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)) is an orally active, sulfated linear polysaccharide extracted from chickens, which belongs to glycosaminoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) reduces the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK, inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP, and downregulates the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE₂. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) improves motor function, protects cartilage tissue, reverses chondrocyte aggregation, and regulates the structure of intestinal flora. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) can be used in research related to osteoarthritis .

HY-W041892

Dimethyl itaconate 1 Publications Verification	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Dimethyl itaconate induces innate immune memory (trained immunity), and exhibits immunomodulatory property. Dimethyl itaconate inhibits the activation of microglia, reduces the neuroinflammation and synaptic structural damage. Dimethyl itaconate regulates the composition of intestinal flora .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P5641

Pleurocidin 1 Publications Verification	Bacterial p38 MAPK NF-κB NADH Dehydrogenase Antibiotic	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Pleurocidin is an Antimicrobial peptide. Pleurocidin is derived from the skin mucosa or intestinal secretions of Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Pleurocidin inhibits the expression of key proteins in the MAPK and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways. Pleurocidin alters serum inflammatory and immune cytokine levels, regulates the down-regulation of tight junction proteins, and modulates the intestinal flora. Pleurocidin exerts antibacterial activity by inducing bacterial membrane damage, hydroxyl radical formation, and NADH depletion, and also produces a synergistic effect with Antibiotics. Pleurocidin alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Pleurocidin can be used for research on ulcerative colitis, bacterial infections, and bacterial biofilm-related infections .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-W001083

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders .

HY-N7088

Raffinose 1 Publications Verification Melitose	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Polysaccharides Microorganisms other families Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Saccharides Source Classification	NF-κB Autophagy Keap1-Nrf2 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88
Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active .

HY-113212

Ursocholic acid 1 Publications Verification	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis .

HY-N0886

Aloin B 3 Publications Verification Isobarbaloin	Quinones Structural Classification Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Anthraquinones Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	SARS-CoV Virus Protease
Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) is an orally active SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 16.08 μM (hydrolytic activity) and 17.51 μM (deubiquitinase activity). Aloin B is metabolized by rat intestinal flora into aloe-emodin-9-anthrone to exert laxative effects. Aloin B inhibits TPA (HY-18739)-induced ear edema, putrescine elevation, and tumor promotion in mouse skin. Aloin B can be used in research related to anti-inflammation, tumor promotion inhibition, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and constipation .

HY-N0626

Sorbic acid	Infection Structural Classification other families Preservatives Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Food Research	Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Antibiotic
Sorbic acid is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Sorbic acid inhibits microbial growth. Sorbic acid suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Sorbic acid can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-N0626A

Potassium sorbate Sorbic acid potassium	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Antibiotic Bacterial Fungal
Potassium sorbate (Sorbic acid potassium) is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Potassium sorbate inhibits microbial growth. Potassium sorbate suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Potassium sorbate can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-W012836

4-Ethylphenol 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Phenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-125130

Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside 1 Publications Verification Hes-7-G	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavonones Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Umbelliferae Plants Disease Research Fields Carphephorus corymbosus (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray Source Classification	HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) Bacterial Interleukin Related
Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside is a typical flavonoid monoglucoside, which is an anti-inflammatory agent and an antihypertensive with orally active. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside is a commonly used food adjuvant. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside inhibits human intestinal maltase and human HMG-CoA reductase with K_i of 1.8 mM and 9.8 μM, respectively. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside has antibacterial activity and can regulate intestinal flora and metabolic homeostasis in mice .

HY-N0237

Atractyloside A 3 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Other Diseases Plants Compositae Disease Research Fields Source Classification Erythrina sigmoidea Hua	Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 NF-κB Mitochondrial Metabolism Interleukin Related Aquaporin
Atractyloside A is an orally active inhibitor of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and also an opener of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Atractyloside A interferes with the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, thereby inhibiting intestinal inflammatory responses. Atractyloside A reverses mucin synthesis impairment, improves intestinal barrier integrity, and restores homeostasis by altering the composition of the gut microbiota. Atractyloside A can be used in studies related to spleen deficiency diarrhea and myocardial injury .

HY-N7541

Antrodin A	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology Source Classification	Others
Antrodin A is one of the main active ingredients in the solid-state fermented A. camphorate mycelium. Antrodin A protects the liver from alcohol damage by improving the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of the liver and maintaining the stability of the intestinal flora .

HY-N0626AR

Potassium sorbate (Standard) Sorbic acid potassium (Standard)	Structural Classification other families Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Antibiotic
Potassium sorbate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Potassium sorbate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Potassium sorbate (Sorbic acid potassium) is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Potassium sorbate inhibits microbial growth. Potassium sorbate suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Potassium sorbate can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-N0626R

Sorbic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms other families Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Antibiotic
Sorbic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sorbic acid (HY-N0626). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sorbic acid is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Sorbic acid inhibits microbial growth. Sorbic acid suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Sorbic acid can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

HY-N7088R

Raffinose (Standard) Melitose (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Polysaccharides Microorganisms other families Plants Endogenous metabolite Saccharides Source Classification	Reference Standards NF-κB Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 Keap1-Nrf2 Autophagy
Raffinose (Standard) is the analytical standard of Raffinose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active .

HY-W012836R

4-Ethylphenol (Standard)	Structural Classification Monophenols Microorganisms Phenols Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
4-Ethylphenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W001083R

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Monophenols Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.

HY-113212R

Ursocholic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards Apoptosis
Ursocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ursocholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis[1][2][3][4][5].

HY-N0886R

Aloin B (Standard) Isobarbaloin (Standard)	Quinones Structural Classification Liliaceae Anthraquinones Phenols Polyphenols Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. Plants Source Classification	Reference Standards Virus Protease SARS-CoV
Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aloin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aloin B is an orally active SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 16.08 μM (hydrolytic activity) and 17.51 μM (deubiquitinase activity). Aloin B is metabolized by rat intestinal flora into aloe-emodin-9-anthrone to exert laxative effects. Aloin B inhibits TPA (HY-18739)-induced ear edema, putrescine elevation, and tumor promotion in mouse skin. Aloin B can be used in research related to anti-inflammation, tumor promotion inhibition, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and constipation .

HY-N16449

Arachidonoylmorpholine	Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Drug Metabolite
Arachidonoylmorpholine is a metabolic regulatory molecule related to arachidonic acid metabolism. The level of Arachidonoylmorpholine will increase when the function of the intestinal flora is disrupted. Arachidonoylmorpholine is promising for research of pig gut health, such as post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-17580S

Fidaxomicin-d7
Fidaxomicin-d₇ (OPT-80-D₇) is the deuterium labeled Fidaxomicin. Fidaxomicin (OPT-80), a macrocyclic RNA polymerase inhibitor, has a narrow spectrum of activity. Fidaxomicin selectively eradicates pathogenic Clostridium difficile with minimal disruption to the multiple species of bacteria that make up the normal, healthy intestinal flora .

HY-W012836S1

4-Ethylphenol-d10
4-Ethylphenol-d₁₀ is the deuterium labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W012836S

4-Ethylphenol-d5
4-Ethylphenol-d₅ is the deuterium labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W001083S1

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d5

2-(3-Hydroxyphenyl-2,4,6-d₃)acetic-2,2-d₂ acid is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.

HY-W012836S2

4-Ethylphenol-d2
4-Ethylphenol-d₂ is deuterated labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-W753473

4-Ethylphenol-d9
4-Ethylphenol-d₉ is the deuterium labeled 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum .

HY-113212S

Ursocholic acid-d4

Ursocholic acid-d₄ is deuterium labeled Ursocholic acid. Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis .

HY-W001083S2

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d6

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-N0626A

Potassium sorbate Sorbic acid potassium		Others
Potassium sorbate (Sorbic acid potassium) is an antibacterial preservative effective against most molds, yeasts, and some bacterial species. Potassium sorbate inhibits microbial growth. Potassium sorbate suppresses the activity of intestinal microorganisms in zebrafish, alters the composition of intestinal flora, and reduces the levels of intestinal immune biomarkers, including IgG, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Potassium sorbate can be used in research on the prevention and treatment of mold, yeast, and bacterial infections .

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