Ariestatin A
Ariestatin A is an antibacterial agent that exhibits significant inhibitory effects against a variety of Gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ariestatin A is extracted from the fungus Austroacremonium gemini MST-FP2131, and it is a glycosylated hybrid polyketide with a saturated C15 alkyl side chain. Ariestatin A shows no cytotoxic activity against mammalian cells and does not affect the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ariestatin A can be used for bacterial infections caused by the aforementioned Gram-positive bacteria.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Formula: C34H48O12
- Molecular Weight:648.74
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Ariestatin A (96 h) potently inhibits the growth of Bacillus subtilis (MIC=1.6 μg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC=3.1 μg/mL), and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC= 6.3 μg/mL), while displaying no antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and no cytotoxicity against mouse myeloma NS-1 or neonatal foreskin fibroblast cells[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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Molecular Weight 648.74
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Formula C34H48O12
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SMILES
OC1=CC(O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)=CC(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)=C1C(OC3=CC(C)=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C3)=O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Austroacremonium gemini
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Gram Staining of Tissue Sections
Gram staining of tissue sections is a histochemical technique used to differentiate Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria within histological specimens based on differences in bacterial cell wall structure and dye retention, adapted from classical bacteriological Gram staining into tissue-compatible “histological Gram stain” variants. In tissue applications, modifications of the Brown-Hopps and Brown-Brenn methods are commonly used to improve differentiation of microorganisms embedded within host connective tissue and to reduce overstaining or loss of Gram-negative signal, which are known limitations of earlier approaches. The principle relies on crystal violet-iodine complex retention in Gram-positive organisms and subsequent decolorization and counterstaining steps that allow contrast visualization of Gram-negative organisms against tissue background.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Ariestatin A Related Classifications
HY-N20697 Related Classifications
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