55123-66-5
Chemical Structure
Leupeptin
- CAS No.: 55123-66-5
- Formula:C20H38N6O4
- Molecular Weight:426.55
IUPAC Name: (S)-2-acetamido-N-((S)-1-(((S)-5-guanidino-1-oxopentan-2-yl)amino)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl)-4-methylpentanamide
InChIKey: GDBQQVLCIARPGH-ULQDDVLXSA-N
SMILES: O=C[C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC(C)=O)CC(C)C)=O)CC(C)C)=O)CCCNC(N)=N
Biological Activity: Leupeptin is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor. Leupeptin inhibits serine, cysteine and threonine proteases, and regulates autophagy. Leupeptin reduces the expression levels of LC3B, iNOS, Cox-2, Beclin-1 and the level of endopeptidases; increases the levels of p62, Arg 1, Msr 1 and Mrc−1; and blocks the upregulation of p-PTEN, p-NF-κB, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-p38 and ERK1/2. Leupeptin inhibits NO, ROS, proinflammatory cytokines, the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio, phagolysosome fusion, mammalian lysosomal hydrolase activity and SARS-CoV-2 replication; and reverses impaired autophagic flux. Leupeptin is applicable to research related to chronic inflammatory diseases, edema, skin tumorigenesis, COVID-19 and respiratory infections[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].
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Leupeptin | Leupeptin is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor. Leupeptin inhibits serine, cysteine and threonine proteases, and regulates autophagy. Leupeptin reduces the expression levels of LC3B, iNOS, Cox-2, Beclin-1 and the level of endopeptidases; increases the levels of p62, Arg 1, Msr 1 and Mrc−1; and blocks the upregulation of p-PTEN, p-NF-κB, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-p38 and ERK1/2. Leupeptin inhibits NO, ROS, proinflammatory cytokines, the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio, phagolysosome fusion, mammalian lysosomal hydrolase activity and SARS-CoV-2 replication; and reverses impaired autophagic flux. Leupeptin is applicable to research related to chronic inflammatory diseases, edema, skin tumorigenesis, COVID-19 and respiratory infections. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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- [1]. Sharma A, et al. Leupeptin maintains redox homeostasis via targeting ROS-autophagy-inflammatory axis in LPS-stimulated macrophages and cytokines dichotomy in Con-A challenged lymphocyte. Peptides. 2023 Oct;168:171066. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Aoyagi T, et al. Biological activities of leupeptins. J Antibiot. 1969 Nov;22:558-568.
- [3]. Hozumi M, et al. Inhibition of tumorigenesis in mouse skin by leupeptin, a protease inhibitor from Actinomycetes. Cancer Res. 1972 Aug;32(8):1725-8. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Haspel J, et al. Characterization of macroautophagic flux in vivo using a leupeptin-based assay. Autophagy. 2011 Jun;7(6):629-42. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Fu L, et al. Mechanism of Microbial Metabolite Leupeptin in the Treatment of COVID-19 by Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbs. mBio. 2021 Oct 26;12(5):e0222021. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Li JH, et al. Making and Breaking Leupeptin Protease Inhibitors in Pathogenic Gammaproteobacteria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Oct 5;59(41):17872-17880. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Thelen M, et al. SILAC-Based Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Lysosomes from Mammalian Cells Using LC-MS/MS. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.). 2017;1594:1-18. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Billinger E, et al. Inhibition properties of free and conjugated leupeptin analogues. FEBS open bio. 2020 Dec;10(12):2605-2615. [Content Brief]
Keywords
