Protease Substrate

4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 6-sulfate is a fluorescent dye. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 6-sulfate undergoes desulphation by galactose-6-sulphate sulphatase to form 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside, which is cleaved by β-galactosidase to release fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferone. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 6-sulfate interacts with N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) via hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and steric interactions. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 6-sulfate serves as a substrate in assays measuring galactose-6-sulphate sulphatase and GALNS activity. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 6-sulfate can be used for the research of Morquio disease type A (mucopolysaccharidosis IV A).

N-Acetyl-DL-phenylalanine β-naphthyl ester is an aromatic amino acid ester, which functions as a chromogenic substrate for chymotrypsin and microbial serine proteases such as subtilisin.

Ac-IETD-AMC is a fluorogenic caspase-8/granzyme B substrate containing the acetyl (Ac) moiety. Ac-IETD-AMC is frequently used to measure caspase-8 activity.

NSP-AS is chemiluminescent acridinium substrate II and can be used in homo geneous assays.

Resorufin methyl ether (Methoxyresorufin) is a cytochrome P450 fluorometric substrate. Resorufin methyl ether is a relatively specific substrate for CYP1A2 activity in rodents.

D-Ala-Lys-AMCA is a known proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) substrate that emits blue fluorescence. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA may be transported into liver cancer cells and Caco-2 cells based on fluorescence analysis. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA can be used for characterizing PEPT1-specific substrates or inhibitors (Ex/Em = 390/480 nm).

CUG (3-Carboxyumbelliferyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) is a fluorogenic substrate (λ_ex=386, λ_em=445 nm, ε=32K).

X-Gluc Dicyclohexylamine is a dye reagent for the detection of β-glucuronidase, an enzyme produced by Escherichia coli. X-Gluc sodium can be used to detect E. coli contamination in food, water and the urinary tract. X-Gluc sodium is also widely used in molecular biology experiments to label and detect the expression of target genes (GUS reporter system).

DDAO-C6 is a cridone ester derivative, highly specific fluorescence for detecting human serum albumin (HSA). DDAO-C6 acts as an enzymatic activatable near-infrared fluorescent probe in visually sensing endogenous lipase from gut microbes (Ex/Em=600/658 nm).

Cy7 Gly-Gly-Gly is a derivative of Cyanine7 (Cy7) featuring a triglycine peptide linker. It serves as a substrate for Sortase-mediated protein labeling (Ex/Em = 750/776 nm).

Cy3 Gly-Gly-Gly is a derivative of Cyanine3 (Cy3) featuring a triglycine peptide linker. It serves as a substrate for Sortase-mediated protein labeling (Ex/Em = 550/570 nm).

NIR-ASM is a near-infrared fluorescent probe that can cross cell membranes and be activated by NQO1. NIR-ASM can distinguish NQO1-expressing cancer cells from normal cells via fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. NIR-ASM generates near-infrared fluorescence with a high signal-to-noise ratio in tumor models with NQO1 activity, enabling the detection of endogenous NQO1 activity in vivo. NIR-ASM is applicable to the research of lung cancer and breast cancer.

Photoactive NTR probe (Compound 1) is a covalent crosslinker and Fluorescent indicator targeting Nitroreductase. The Photoactive NTR probe undergoes a sequential activation process: it is first activated via nitroreductase-mediated nitro-to-amino conversion, and then forms a fluorescent product upon photoactivation. The Photoactive NTR probe can form covalent adducts with the side chains of cysteine, tyrosine, lysine and histidine in adjacent proteins to reduce fluorophore diffusion. The Photoactive NTR probe enables super-resolution (STORM) imaging of active mitochondrial nitroreductase microdomains in living cells.

L&M-D-MR is a highly specific fluorescent "AND" logic probe with response moieties for leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). The coexistence of both LAP and MAO is required for L&M-D-MR to trigger intramolecular cyclization, release fluorophores and activate fluorescence. In the presence of only a single enzyme, L&M-D-MR generates only an extremely weak signal. L&M-D-MR enables bioimaging in living cells and mouse models, and can effectively distinguish different subtypes of liver diseases via blood samples or test strips. L&M-D-MR is widely used in studies related to liver cirrhosis, hepatitis B and drug-induced liver injury.

5GluAF-2MeTG is an activatable fluorescent probe targeting the glutamate carboxypeptidase (CP) activity of PSMA (Ex/Em=490/500-600 nm). After being hydrolyzed by PSMA, 5GluAF-2MeTG releases a cell membrane-permeable fluorescent product, and achieves fluorescence activation by disrupting donor-excited photoinduced electron transfer (d-PeT). 5GluAF-2MeTG enables fluorescence imaging of live PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells in vitro and visualizes the carboxypeptidase activity of PSMA. 5GluAF-2MeTG can be used to detect prostate cancer regions in preclinical excised tissue specimens.

Bis (picolinoyl) fluorescein is a Cu²⁺ esterase activity probe with both fluorogenic and chromogenic properties. Bis (picolinoyl) fluorescein enables quantitative analysis of free Cu²⁺, as well as detection of esterolytic activity of Cu bound to organic ligands or biomolecules.

HMRef-βGal is a fluorescent probe and a substrate responsive to β-galactosidase (β-galactosidase) (Ex/Em=498 nm/505-600 nm). After being cleaved by β-galactosidase, HMRef-βGal triggers significant fluorescence enhancement via intramolecular spirocyclic function regulation. HMRef-βGal generates bright fluorescence in cancer cells with elevated β-galactosidase activity, enabling visualization of tiny peritoneal metastases in mouse models. HMRef-βGal exhibits low in vitro cytotoxicity and low acute in vivo toxicity in mice. HMRef-βGal can be used for preclinical fluorescence-guided diagnosis and cytoreductive surgery of peritoneal metastases, including compatibility with real-time naked-eye detection and endoscopic imaging, as well as for studies related to peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer.

Photoactive esterase probe is a photoactivatable fluorescent probe for esterase. Photoactive esterase probe is used for the detection and imaging of esterase activity in living cells.