Kynuramine dihydrochloride
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Kynuramine, an endogenously occurring amine, is a fluorescent substrate and probe of plasma amine oxidase.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.81%
- CAS No.: 36681-58-0
- Formula: C9H14Cl2N2O
- Molecular Weight:237.13
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Kynuramine inhibits both presynaptic and postsynaptic α-adrenoceptors in vitro[2].
Kynuramine has been shown to act as a partial agonist on serotonin receptors in dog cerebral arteries[2].
Kynuramine (20 μg/mL) frequently causes a small contraction of the ileum but failed to alter the twitch response to cholinergic stimulation[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Kynuramine (1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg; i.v.; single does) increases heart rate and blood pressure in pithed rats[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female rats[3].
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Dosage:0.064-8 μg.
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Administration:Intraventricular administration; single does.
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Result:Produced facilitation of lordosis behavior.
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Animal Model:Male rats (about 200g)[4].
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Dosage:1.25-5.0 mg/kg.
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Administration:i.v.; single does.
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Result:Promoted heart rate and blood pressure.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 36681-58-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 237.13
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Formula C9H14Cl2N2O
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Color Brown to black
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SMILES
O=C(CCN)C1=C(N)C=CC=C1.Cl.Cl
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 125 mg/mL (527.14 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.77 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.77 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. J B Massey, et al. Kynuramine, a fluorescent substrate and probe of plasma amine oxidase. J Biol Chem. 1977 Nov 25;252(22):8081-4. [Content Brief]
[2]. T D Johnson, An alpha-adrenoceptor inhibitory action of kynuramine. Eur J Pharmacol. 1981 Jul 10;72(4):351-6. [Content Brief]
[3]. S D Mendelson, et al. Intraventricular administration of l-kynurenine and kynuramine facilitates lordosis in the female rat. Eur J Pharmacol. 1987 Oct 27;142(3):447-51. [Content Brief]
[4]. T D Johnson, et al. Blood pressure and heart rate effects of kynuramine in pithed rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1983 Feb 18;87(2-3):323-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.2171 mL | 21.0855 mL | 42.1710 mL | 105.4274 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8434 mL | 4.2171 mL | 8.4342 mL | 21.0855 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4217 mL | 2.1085 mL | 4.2171 mL | 10.5427 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2811 mL | 1.4057 mL | 2.8114 mL | 7.0285 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2109 mL | 1.0543 mL | 2.1085 mL | 5.2714 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1687 mL | 0.8434 mL | 1.6868 mL | 4.2171 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1406 mL | 0.7028 mL | 1.4057 mL | 3.5142 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1054 mL | 0.5271 mL | 1.0543 mL | 2.6357 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0843 mL | 0.4217 mL | 0.8434 mL | 2.1085 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0703 mL | 0.3514 mL | 0.7028 mL | 1.7571 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0527 mL | 0.2636 mL | 0.5271 mL | 1.3178 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0422 mL | 0.2109 mL | 0.4217 mL | 1.0543 mL |
Kynuramine dihydrochloride Related Classifications
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