CD115/M-CSF R
CD115, the receptor for macrophage colony-stimulating factor, is encoded by the CSF1R gene and expressed on monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and their bone marrow precursors. As a type III receptor tyrosine kinase with five extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, it is activated by M-CSF (CSF1) or IL-34 dimerization, triggering MAPK, PI3K and SRC-family signaling that drives survival, proliferation and differentiation of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage. CSF1R haploinsufficiency causes adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia, a frontal dementia; inhibitors are in trials for this disorder, and CD115-targeting antibodies deplete macrophages in tumor models.
