Malvidin 3-Glucoside Modulated Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Global Metabolome Disrupted in a Murine Colitis Model Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium

  • Mol Nutr Food Res. 2019 Nov;63(21):e1900455. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201900455.
Fang Liu  1  2 ,  Thomas T Y Wang  3 ,  Qingjuan Tang  1 ,  Changhu Xue  1 ,  Robert W Li  4 ,  Vivian C H Wu  2
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
  • 2. Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Albany, CA, 94706, USA.
  • 3. Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
  • 4. Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
PMID: 31444937 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900455
Abstract

Scope: This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms of the anthocyanin malvidin 3-glucoside (MV) in alleviating gut dysbiosis using a murine colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

Methods and results: The effect of MV on the structure and function of the colon microbiome and microbial metabolism is evaluated using 16S rRNA gene Sequencing, global metabolomics, and a network algorithm based on the random-matrix theory. MV ingestion improved histopathological scores and increased IL10 expression in the colon mucosa of colitis mice. While DSS has a profound effect on the gut microbiome and significantly decreases both microbial richness and evenness, MV further reduces evenness but promotes microbial interactions and restores the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio repressed by DSS. Moreover, MV reduces the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, such as Ruminococcus gnavus, in colitis mice and has a strong modulatory effect on microbial co-occurrence patterns and gut metabolites. In addition, MV reverses several key inflammatory mediators, including sphingolipid metabolites, from elevated levels in DSS colitis mice. As a bioactive ingredient, MV exerts its effect on the gut microbiome in a mechanism that differs from the whole blueberry.

Conclusion: MV ingestion ameliorates intestinal inflammation by modulating colon epithelium integrity, gut microbiome, and key inflammatory mediators.

Keywords
16S rRNA gene sequencing; anthocyanin; colitis; gut microbiome; malvidin; metabolomics.
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