The effect of doxycycline-containing chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles on NLRP3 inflammasome in periodontal disease

  • Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Jun 1;237:116163. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116163.
Shuo Xu  1 ,  Qihui Zhou  2 ,  Zhongxin Jiang  3 ,  Yanwen Wang  4 ,  Kai Yang  1 ,  Xiaohui Qiu  1 ,  Qiuxia Ji  5
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
  • 2. Institute for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
  • 3. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
  • 4. Stuart Country Day School of the Sacred Heart, 1200 Stuart Road, Princeton, New Jersey, 08628, United States.
  • 5. Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 32241426 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116163
Abstract

A polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticle comprising chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) was prepared (CS/CMCS-NPs) by ionic gelation, which was then used as a doxycycline carrier (Dox:CS/CMCS-NPs). The obtained CS/CMCS-NPs and Dox:CS/CMCS-NPs were characterized for various parameters and bacteriostatic ability against Porphyromonas gingivalis. The regulation of related genes and proteins of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) was characterized by qRT-PCR, western blotting and ELISA. The results showed that Dox:CS/CMCS-NPs had an orderly morphology and an excellent cytocompatibility. P. gingivalis was strongly inhibited by Dox:CS/CMCS-NPs contrasted with control group. Dox:CS/CMCS-NPs effectively down-regulated both gene and protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β in HGFs. This study provides a new method for rational application of Dox in the clinical treatment of periodontal disease and a new direction for explaining the mechanism of action of Dox:CS/CMCS-NPs and more drug-carrying nanoparticles.

Keywords
Carboxymethyl chitosan; Chitosan; Doxycycline; NLRP3 inflammasome; Periodontitis.
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