2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Immunology/Inflammation Anti-infection
  3. Endogenous Metabolite NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Interleukin Related Bacterial
  4. ATP

ATP  (Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate)

製品番号: HY-B2176 純度: 99.88%
COA 取扱説明書 Technical Support

ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.

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CAS 番号 : 56-65-5

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100 mg $60 在庫あり
500 mg $96 在庫あり
1 g $150 在庫あり
5 g $240 在庫あり
10 g $290 在庫あり
50 g   お問い合わせ  

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カスタマーレビュー

Based on 152 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of ATP:

ATP 関連抗体

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

顧客検証

WB
Cell Imaging/Staining
RT-PCR
IP
Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454.  [Abstract]

    BV2 cells (2.5 × 10⁵ cells/ml) were pretreated with syringin for 2 h and subsequently stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 16 h. For activation, LPS‑primed cells were treated with syringin or MCC950 for 2 h, followed by 3 mM ATP for 1.5 h or 10 μM nigericin for 1 h before collection. Representative WB showing NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, and pro-IL-1β in cell lysates, and cleaved-Caspase-1 and cleaved-IL-1β in culture supernatants in ATP-induced activation. (B, C) Densitometric quantification of cleaved-Caspase-1 and cleaved-IL-1β in (A).

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454.  [Abstract]

    LPS (3 mM) + ATP treatment significantly increased Iba-1 intensity, indicating activation of BV2 cells.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454.  [Abstract]

    qRT-PCR analysis of a panel of microglial activation markers revealed that LPS + ATP (3 mM) significantly upregulated the transcription of CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD32, and Iba-1 in BV2 cell.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454.  [Abstract]

    DCFH-DA fluorescence staining revealed that LPS + ATP (3 mM) treatment markedly increased intracellular ROS levels in BV2 microglia, as indicated by elevated DCF fluorescence intensity. Treatment with 50 or 100 μM syringin significantly suppressed ROS production.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 25:148:157454.  [Abstract]

    100 μM syringin did not affect the expression levels of NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, or ASC proteins in total lysates under LPS + ATP treatment in BV2 cells.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immunity. 2024 Mar 12;57(3):495-512.e11.  [Abstract]

    Representative western blots and analyses of the following proteins in BV2 cells treated with vehicle (Con), LPS (200 ng/ml, 3 h), LPS + ATP (3 mM, 30 min), or LPS + ATP-siNKAα1.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Transl Res. 2023 May:255:1-13.

    LPS/ATP treatment significantly promotes expression of NLRP3 and production of N-GSDMD in HAEC. HAEC are pretreated with LPS (500ng/ml) for 5 h and then stimulated with ATP (5 mM) for 1 h.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Differ. 2022 Feb;29(2):439-450.  [Abstract]

    Primary BMDM cells were isolated from WT and Trim21-/- C57BL/6 mice. Cells were primed with 1 μg/mL LPS for 2 h followed by 5 mM ATP or 20 μM Nig or 30 μM flagellin for 30 min. Cell viability are determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Crit Care. 2021 Oct 12;25(1):356.  [Abstract]

    Stimulation of Raw264.7 macrophages with PBS/PBS-Exo/TNF-Exo for 24 h and treatment with PBS, 5 mM ATP or 20 mM nigericin for 2 h. Cleavage of GSDMD by western blot. GSDMD-FL: full-length GSDMD, GSDMD-N: N-terminal cleavage products of GSDMD.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2020 Feb 18;11(2):132.   [Abstract]

    KCs were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 4 hours and subsequently treated them with 5 mM ATP for 2 hours to induce pyroptosis. The RNA level of lnc-Lfar1 was determined by qRT-PCR.

    ATP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2020 Feb 18;11(2):132.   [Abstract]

    KCs were transfected with lnc-Lfar1 siRNA for 24 h, followed by stimulation with 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h and subsequently treated with 5 mM ATP or 100 ng/ml for 2 h to induce pyroptosis. a, b The protein level of NLRP3, Caspase1 and GSDMD was determined by western blot. GAPDH was used as an internal control.

    Endogenous Metabolite アイソフォーム固有の製品をすべて表示:

    すべてのアイソフォームを表示
    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    NOD-like Receptor (NLR) アイソフォーム固有の製品をすべて表示:

    すべてのアイソフォームを表示
    NLRP3 NLRP1 NOD1 NOD2

    Interleukin Related アイソフォーム固有の製品をすべて表示:

    すべてのアイソフォームを表示
    IL-1 IL-2 IL-3 IL-4 IL-5 IL-6 IL-8 IL-10 IL-12 IL-13 IL-15 IL-17 IL-23 IL-7 IL-33 IL-22 IL-18

    • 生物活性

    • 純度とドキュメンテーション

    • 参考文献

    • カスタマーレビュー

    製品説明

    ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice[1][2][3][4].

    IC50 & Target[4]

    NLRP3 inflammasome

     

    IL-1β

     

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    HEK293 EC50
    0.2 μM
    Compound: ATP
    Agonist activity at rat P2Y1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as release of intracellular calcium by fluorescence based assay
    Agonist activity at rat P2Y1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as release of intracellular calcium by fluorescence based assay
    		[PMID: 22873688]
    HEK293 EC50
    0.2 μM
    Compound: ATP
    Agonist activity at P2Y1 receptor expressed in human HEK293 cells
    Agonist activity at P2Y1 receptor expressed in human HEK293 cells
    		[PMID: 20175517]
    HEK293 EC50
    590 nM
    Compound: 1
    Concentration required for calcium mobilization at rat purinergic 2Y1 receptor expressed in HEK 293 cells
    Concentration required for calcium mobilization at rat purinergic 2Y1 receptor expressed in HEK 293 cells
    		[PMID: 15317453]
    Oocyte EC50
    1 μM
    Compound: ATP
    Antagonist activity against recombinant rat P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2X4) at 30 uM, expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    Antagonist activity against recombinant rat P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2X4) at 30 uM, expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    		[PMID: 12213051]
    Oocyte EC50
    1000 nM
    Compound: ATP
    Antagonist activity against recombinant rat P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2X4) at 30 uM, expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    Antagonist activity against recombinant rat P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2X4) at 30 uM, expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    		[PMID: 12213051]
    Oocyte EC50
    1400 nM
    Compound: ATP
    Antagonist activity against recombinant rat receptor P2X purinoceptor 2 (P2X2) at 10 uM, expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    Antagonist activity against recombinant rat receptor P2X purinoceptor 2 (P2X2) at 10 uM, expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    		[PMID: 12213051]
    体外実験

    ATP (5 mM; 1 hour) co-treatment with LPS (1 μg/mL) has a synergistic effect on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs[3].
    ATP (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) induces secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 from BMDMs in a caspase-1 activation-dependent manner[4].
    ATP (2mM) promotes neutrophil chemotaxis[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    ATP 関連抗体
    体内実験

    ATP (50 mg/kg; i.p., 1-24 h before bacterial challenge) protects mice against bacterial infection in mice, such as E. coli and S. aureus[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Four-week-old Kunming mice infected with E. coli and S. aureus (18-22 g)[4]
    Dosage: 50 mg/kg
    Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, 1, 4, 24 h before bacterial (E. coli) challenge
    Result: Reduced peritoneal bacterial counts.
    Increased the levels of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 in the peritoneal lavage fluid.
    Recruited neutrophils to the peritoneum.
    分子量

    507.18

    分子式

    C10H16N5O13P3
    CAS 番号
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=P(O)(O)OP(OP(OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)(O)=O)(O)=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source

    widespread
    輸送条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    保管条件

    -20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
    溶剤 & 溶解度
    体外: 

    H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (197.17 mM)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.9717 mL 9.8584 mL 19.7169 mL
    5 mM 0.3943 mL 1.9717 mL 3.9434 mL
    10 mM 0.1972 mL 0.9858 mL 1.9717 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    一般には略語で表示されます：C1V1 = C2V2

    濃度 （開始）

    C1

    ×
    体積 （開始）

    V1

    =
    濃度 （終了）

    C2

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    体積 （終了）

    V2

    体内:

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 100 mg/mL (197.17 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

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    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

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    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    純度とドキュメンテーション

    純度: 99.88%

    COA (251 KB) CNMR (230 KB) RP-HPLC (204 KB) MS (228 KB)

    取扱説明書 (2659 KB)
    参考文献

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O 1 mM 1.9717 mL 9.8584 mL 19.7169 mL 49.2922 mL
    5 mM 0.3943 mL 1.9717 mL 3.9434 mL 9.8584 mL
    10 mM 0.1972 mL 0.9858 mL 1.9717 mL 4.9292 mL
    15 mM 0.1314 mL 0.6572 mL 1.3145 mL 3.2861 mL
    20 mM 0.0986 mL 0.4929 mL 0.9858 mL 2.4646 mL
    25 mM 0.0789 mL 0.3943 mL 0.7887 mL 1.9717 mL
    30 mM 0.0657 mL 0.3286 mL 0.6572 mL 1.6431 mL
    40 mM 0.0493 mL 0.2465 mL 0.4929 mL 1.2323 mL
    50 mM 0.0394 mL 0.1972 mL 0.3943 mL 0.9858 mL
    60 mM 0.0329 mL 0.1643 mL 0.3286 mL 0.8215 mL
    80 mM 0.0246 mL 0.1232 mL 0.2465 mL 0.6162 mL
    100 mM 0.0197 mL 0.0986 mL 0.1972 mL 0.4929 mL
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    ATP Related Classifications

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    The molarity calculator equation

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    質量   濃度   体積   分子量 *
    = × ×

    The dilution calculator equation

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    一般には略語で表示されます：C1V1 = C2V2

    濃度 （開始） × 体積 （開始） = 濃度 （終了） × 体積 （終了）
    × = ×
    C1   V1   C2   V2
    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    ATP56-65-5Adenosine 5'-triphosphateEndogenous MetaboliteNOD-like Receptor (NLR)Interleukin RelatedBacterialILenergystoragemetabolismimmunityinflammationNLRP3inflammasomecytokineInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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    製品名:
    ATP
    製品番号:
    HY-B2176
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