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Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin) is a cyclic heptasaccharide used to deliver hydrophobic agents based on its property of solubilizing non-polar substances. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin is also extensively used as a cholesterol-depleting reagent . Methyl-β-cyclodextrin strongly reduces clathrin-dependent endocytosis . Methyl-β-cyclodextrin blocks cell migrasome formation .
Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Amivantamab (JNJ-61186372) is a human EGFR-MET bispecific antibody with immune anticancer activity. Amivantamab inhibits ligand binding, promotes endocytosis and degradation of receptor-antibody complexes, and induces Fc-dependent cytokinesis in macrophages and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity in natural killer cells .
Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Pitstop 2 is a clathrin inhibitor which inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) by associating with the terminal domain of clathrin. Pitstop 2 has the potential for anti-cancer research .
Hydroxy Dynasore (Dyngo-4a), a structural mimetic analog of Dynasore (HY-15304), is an improved, less cytotoxic and versatile dynamin inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.38 μM and 2.3 μM for brain recombinant dynamin I and recombinant mouse dynamin II, respectively. Hydroxy Dynasore inhibits dynamin-dependent transferrin endocytosis with an IC50 of 5.7 μM.
Dansylcadaverine (Monodansyl cadaverine) is an autofluorescent compound used for the labeling of autophagic vacuoles. Dansylcadaverine, a high affinity substrate of transglutaminases, can block the receptor-mediated endocytosis of many ligands .
Barbadin is a novel and selective β-arrestin/β2-adaptin interaction inhibitor, has IC50 values of 19.1 μM for β-arrestin1 and 15.6 μM for β-arrestin2. Barbadin blocks agonist-promoted endocytosis of the prototypical β2-adrenergic, V2-vasopressin and angiotensin-II type-1 receptors. Barbadin can induce apoptosis .
FM1-43 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
Tri-GalNAc-DBCO is a synthetic ligand composed of three GalNAc units connected to DBCO. Tri-GalNAc-DBCO can act as a ligand for the sialic acid-degrading protein receptor (ASGPR), and can be coupled with targeting proteins or small molecules to form GalNAc-LYTACs. Tri-GalNAc-DBCO specifically binds to ASGPR and, through receptor-mediated endocytosis, guides the coupled molecules to lysosomes for degradation .
GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. GALA significantly promotes the cytosolic release of cargos carried by exosomes, plasmids and liposomes, effectively enhances gene transfection efficiency, and drives gene knockdown of functional macromolecules (such as siRNA) in alveolar epithelial cells (with no significant cytotoxicity at effective concentrations). GALA serves as a critical tool for studies on lung cancer metastasis (e.g., melanoma lung metastasis) and lung-targeted drug delivery systems .
Dynole 34-2 is a potent dynamin GTPase inhibitor (IC50s=6.9 and 14.2 µM for dynamin1 and dynamin2 GTPase activity, respectively) with antimitotic effect. Dynole 34-2 induces apoptosis, as revealed by cell blebbing, DNA fragmentation, and PARP cleavage. Dynole 34-2 also potently inhibits receptor mediated endocytosis (RME) .
FZ-AD005 is a DLL3-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with high selectivity, composed of the anti-DLL3 antibody FZ-A038 (HY-P990896), a dipeptide linker (Val-Ala), and DXd (HY-13631D). The Kd value of FZ-AD005 for human DLL3 ranges from 13.29 to 58.3 pmol/L. After binding to DLL3 on the cell surface, FZ-AD005 mediates endocytosis, and the payload DXd is released via cleavage by lysosomal cathepsins. DXd inhibits topoisomerase TopI to induce double-strand DNA breaks, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and FZ-AD005 exhibits bystander killing activity against adjacent DLL3-negative cells. FZ-AD005 shows stable circulation in vivo, has good tolerance and acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles in rats and cynomolgus monkeys, and effectively inhibits the growth of DLL3-expressing tumor cells. FZ-AD005 serves as a promising candidate molecule for research on small cell lung cancer and human neuroendocrine prostate cancer .
Prosaptide Tx14(A), a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
4-Di-1-ASP is a styryl dye used to stain glioma cells in living brain tissue for analysis of cell structure, viability, proliferation and endocytosis, cytokinesis and phagocytosis, as well as for observation of mitochondrial structures in living cells. 4-Di-1-ASP fluoresces green when imaged microscopically (λex /λem = 475/606 nm) .
Wiskostatin is a potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP)-mediated actin polymerization by stabilization of the closed, autoinhibited conformation, thereby preventing Arp2/3 complex activation. Wiskostatin is also a dynamin inhibitor with an IC50 value of 20.7 μM and a potent inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis with an IC50 value of 6.9 μM. Wiskostatin causes a rapid, profound, and irreversible decrease in cellular ATP levels. Wiskostatin also induces disassembly of podosomes in a murine monocyte cell line .
DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 is a nanocarrier component composed of DSPE and the EGFR-targeting peptide (GE11). DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 specifically binds to EGFR and mediates receptor-mediated endocytosis of micellar drug carriers. DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 can be used for drug delivery .
Zarutatug (TORL-3-600 antibody) is an IgG1κ humanized antibody targeting cadherin 17 (CDH17). It selectively binds to cell-surface CDH17, triggering endocytosis and trafficking to lysosomes. Zarutatug can be used to construct ADCs, such as TORL-3-600 .
E (c (RGDfK)) 2 is a αvβ3 integrin ligand and tumor-targeting agent. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 binds to αvβ3 integrin, mediates receptor-mediated endocytosis of conjugated payloads, and inhibits integrin-dependent cell adhesion to fibrinogen. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells and endothelial cells. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 preferentially accumulates in orthotopic mouse breast tumors and human ovarian cancer xenograft tumors. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 can be used in research related to glioblastoma, lung cancer, breast adenocarcinoma and ovarian cancer .
Aprutumab (BAY 1179470) is a fully human fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2)-specific monoclonal antibody . Aprutumab induces FGFR2endocytosis and degradation in cancer cells expressing FGFR2. Aprutumab serves as the targeted monoclonal antibody component of the antibody-drug conjugate BAY 1187982 (HY-141600) and mediates the endocytosis of the antibody-drug conjugate into FGFR2-positive cells. Aprutumab can be used for the research of FGFR2-positive solid tumors, including studies on gastric cancer and triple-negative breast cancer .
Dopamine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dopamine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Phenylarsine oxide (PAO), an inhibitor of endocytosis, inhibits PTPε with an IC50 of 18 μM. Phenylarsine oxide (PAO) inhibits oxygen consumption and decreases cellular ATP content overlap with those used to inhibit protein internalization .
Amivantamab (FUT8-KO) is an anti-EGFR-MET monoclonal antibody expressed by CHO cells with the fucosyltransferase 8 gene (FUT8) knocked out. Fucose deficiency enhances the ADCC effect of the antibody. Amivantamab (FUT8-KO) inhibits ligand binding, promotes endocytosis and degradation of receptor-antibody complexes, and induces Fc-dependent cytokinesis in macrophages and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity in natural killer cells .
Clemastanin B, a lignin, has potent anti-influenza activities by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment. Clemastanin B targets viral endocytosis, uncoating or ribonucleoprotein (RNP) export from the nucleus. Clemastanin B has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities .
FM1-43 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
Dopamine-d5 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Dopamine (hydrochloride). Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Dynole 2−24 is an indole-based dynamin GTPase inhibitor (IC50=0.56 μM for dynamin I). Dynole 2−24 is nontoxic and shows increased potency against dynamin I and II in vitro and in cells (IC₅₀(CME)=1.9 μM). Dynole 2−24 also shows 4.4-fold selectivity for dynamin I. Dynole 2−24 is active in-cell inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis . CME: Clathrin mediated endocytosis
Clathrin-IN-4 (compound 8b), a Wiskostatin?(HY-12534) analogue, is a potent inhibitor of clathrin mediated endocytosis with an IC50 of 2.1 μM. Clathrin-IN-4 is a dynamin I GTPase activity inhibitor with an IC50 of 9.1 μM .
PM-1, a derivative of Thioflavin-T (ThT; HY-D0218), is a small but highly specific plasma membrane (PM) fluorescent dye for specific and long-time membrane imaging of living and fixed cells. PM-1 is embedded directly into the cell membrane and exhibits a very long retention time on the plasma membrane with a half-life of approximately 15 h. PM-1 can be used in combination with protein labeling probes to study ectodomain shedding and endocytosis processes of cell surface proteins .
DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated is a DynaMin inhibitor to interfere with the binding of amphiphysin with dynamin. DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated is a membrane-permeant form of the peptide that prevents endocytosis .
Dynamin IN-2 (compound 43), a Wiskostatin (HY-12534) analogue, is a potent dynamin inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.0 μM for dynamin I GTPase. Dynamin IN-2 also blocks clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME), with an IC50 of 9.5 μM .
UNI418 is a dual inhibitor of PIKfyve and PIP5K1C with antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (EC50=1.4 μM). UNI418 blocks ACE2-mediated SARS-CoV-2 viral endocytosis by inhibiting PIP5K1C (IC50=60.1 nM; Kd=61 nM). In addition, UNI418 inhibits the proteolytic activation of proteases regulated by PIKfyve (Kd=0.78 nM) to prevent SARS-CoV-2 from entering host cells .
Tafolecimab (IBI-306) is a human lgG2 monoclonal antibody that specifically binds PCSK-9 and reduces LDL-C levels by inhibiting PCSK-9-mediated endocytosis of the LDL receptor, which in turn enhances clearance of LDL-C and leads to a reduction in LDL-C levels. Tafolecimab may be used in studies of hypercholesterolaemia .
FITC-Chitosan (MW 100000) is a chitosan (Chitosan) (HY-B2144A) labeled with FITC (HY-66019). FITC-Chitosan (MW 100000) combines the biological and physicochemical properties of chitosan (such as biocompatibility, positive charge, and nanoparticle-forming ability) with the fluorescent visibility of FITC (Ex/Em = ~485/535 nm) .
Biotin-TAT (47-57), a biotin tagged TAT, is a transactivator of transcription. Biotin-TAT (47-57) is one of the most widely used protein transduction domains (PTDs) into different primary cells is ATP- and temperature-dependent, indicating the involvement of endocytosis .
Fucosyltransferase 8 (EC:2.4.1.68; FUT8; α1-6FucT) is a glycosyl transferase and catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue from GDP-fucose to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine residue of N-glycans .
L-796778 is an agonist of the hsst3 receptor. In CHO-K1 cells expressing the hsst3 receptor, L-796778 is a partial agonist that inhibits forskolin (HY-15371)-stimulated cAMP production with an IC50 value of 18 nM .
(KKEEE)3K is a kidney-targeting peptide. (KKEEE)3K enters renal tubular cells via megalin receptor-mediated endocytosis. (KKEEE)3K can be used in the research of renal drug delivery .
mPEG4000-amine can be used to synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulating anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
mPEG350-amine can synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulation of anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
mPEG3400-amine can synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulation of anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
ASGPR ligand-2 (Compound 366) is an asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) binder. ASGPR ligand-2 can be coupled with recognition elements of target proteins (such as antibodies or antigen-binding fragments), and through the endocytosis mediated by ASGPR, the target protein is delivered to the lysosomes of liver cells, promoting the degradation of the target protein. ASGPR ligand-2 can be used for the research of metabolic disease .
Clathrin-IN-2 is potent inhibitor of clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME) with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM. Clathrin-IN-2 also has inhibitiory for dyn I GTPase with an IC50 value of 7.7 μM .
M918 is a cell-penetrating peptide. M918 is internalized by cells through endocytosis and can effectively penetrate a variety of cells in a non-toxic manner. M918 can be used in gene therapy and drug delivery system research .
D15, a peptide with 15 aa segment of dynamin, is an AMPARendocytosis inhibitor. D15 blocks the interaction of dynamin with amphiphysin 1 and 2. D15 significantly increases AMPAR excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSC) amplitude of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in Sapap3 KO mice. D15 can be used for neuropsychiatric disorder research .
CPP9 is a small, amphipathic, cyclic cell penetrating peptide (CPP). CPPs bind directly to the plasma membrane phospholipids and enter mammalian cells via endocytosis, followed by efficient release from the endosome. CPP9 can be used for intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents and chemical probes .
Neurokinin Receptor (393-407), rat (SPR393–407) is a rat neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) fragment. NK1R is rapidly internalized by endocytosis and recycled to the plasma membrane when binding to substance P (SP). Neurokinin Receptor (393-407), rat can be used in the research of neurogenic inflammation .
PEG-bis-amine (MW 1000) synthesizes folate-conjugated polymeric micelles for encapsulation of the anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin HY-16560 (HY-16560). Folic acid-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
PEG4000-bis-amine synthesizes folate-conjugated polymeric micelles for encapsulation of the anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin HY-16560 (HY-16560). Folic acid-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
EE-Flipper 33 is a Flipper probe designed to evaluate the mechanism of early endocytosis. EE-Flipper has a pKa value of 10.6 and is capable of tracking approximately 70% of early endosomes (EE) in live cells. Furthermore, EE-Flipper 33 can also label the Golgi apparatus in live cells with an internal pH ranging from 6.0 to 6.7 .
TIM-098a is a selective AAK1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.24 µM. TIM-098a has no inhibitory activity against CaMKK isoforms. TIM-098a inhibits AAK1-regulated endocytosis by suppressing AAK1 kinase activity .
HB-230 is a red fluorescent transglutaminase 2 (TG2) probe. HB-230 complexes with TG2 and α2-macroglobulin via the LRP1 pathway for efficient endocytosis. The excitation and emission wavelengths of HB-230 are 649 and 665 nm, respectively .
Pitstop 2d is a Clathrin inhibitor with an IC50 of <2 μM. Pitstop 2d binds to Clathrin N-terminal β-propeller domain, inhibits Clathrin function and dynamics and impairs VSV entry. Pitstop 2d inhibits Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis. Pitstop 2d does not inhibit clathrin-independent Endocytosis .
Sulfonadyn-47 is a GTP-competitive dynamin I (dynI) inhibitor that targets the active site in the GTPase domain of dynamin I, with IC50 values of 3.5 μM against dynI, 27.3 μM in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) assays, and 12.3 μM in synaptic vesicle endocytosis (SVE) assays. Sulfonadyn-47 increases seizure threshold. Sulfonadyn-47 can be used the study for the seizure.
N-Sterol is a sterol lipid that has been used to generate lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for delivery of mRNA in vitro and in vivo. N-Sterol LNPs are taken up in J774A.1 macrophages in a lipid composition-dependent manner via clathrin caveolae, caveolin-mediated endocytosis, micropinocytosis, or phagocytosis at different frequencies .
Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA, a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
Rhodady C10 (Compound C10) is a dynamin I GTPase inhibitor. Rhodady C10 blocks receptor-mediated endocytosis (IC50: 7 μM). Dynamin is involved in clathrin-independent endocytosis, phagocytosis, and caveolae internalization .
Pyrimidyn 7 is an inhibitor of dynamin I/II with IC50 values of 1.1 μM and 1.8 μM, respectively. Pyrimidyn 7 competitively inhibits the interactions between GTP and phospholipids with dynamin I. Additionally, Pyrimidyn 7 reversibly inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) of transferrin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in various non-neuronal cell linecell [1.
MMV688533 is an antimalarial agent. MMV688533 interferes with intracellular trafficking, lipid utilization, and endocytosis pathways in Plasmodium falciparum. MMV688533 rapidly kills asexual blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax parasites in vitro and reduces parasitemia in a Plasmodium falciparum NSG mouse model. MMV688533 can be used for the research of malaria .
4-Sulfo-N-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,8-naphthalimide potassium is an inactive 1,8-Naphthalimide derivative. 4-Sulfo-N-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,8-naphthalimide potassium can be used as a negative control for the clathrin inhibitor 3-Sulfo-N-benzyl-1,8-naphthalimide, potassium salt .
DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a DynaMin inhibitor to interfere with the binding of amphiphysin with dynamin. DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a membrane-permeant form of the peptide that prevents endocytosis .
IAV-IN-2 (Compound MC-22) inhibits for Influenza A Virus (IAV) through blocking the entry of IAV into host cell via clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) .
Self-assembling peptide pY1 is a peptide that assemblies around cancer cells and targets EGFR. When co-cultured with Ovalbumin (OVA), pY1 can effectively block the endocytosis of OVA .
Arg-Flipper 34 is one of the flipper probes which have been introduced as small molecule fluorophores to image membrane tension in living systems. Arg-Flipper 34 can be used to assess the mechanics of early endocytosis .
(Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is the Gq-dependent pathway agonist. (Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is also a weaker agonist for the β-arrestin engagement and endocytosis toward the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) .
BG-SS-SulfoCy3 is a SulfoCy3-labeled SNAP tag fluorescent probe, which is linked by a disulfide bond to achieve selective labeling and controllable cleavage. BG-SS-SulfoCy3 can be used to study the endocytosis and trafficking of membrane proteins such as GPCRs .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled TFA is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
RTIL 13 is a potent inhibitor of dynamin GTPase, with an IC50 of 2.3 μM for dynamin I GTPase. RTIL 13 also targets pleckstrin homology lipid binding domain. RTIL 13 can inhibit receptor-mediated and synaptic vesicle endocytosis, with IC50s of 9.3 μM and 7.1 μM, respectively .
ZINC05626394 is a cytochrome b5 reductase 3 inhibitor with activity by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability. ZINC05626394 may have potential applications in anti-cancer suppression, especially in combination with antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The efficacy of ZINC05626394 may be limited by different mechanisms, including antigen-related resistance and failure of endocytosis .
Pitstop 1 is a small molecule inhibitor with endocytosis-inhibiting activity. Pitstop 1 blocks the interaction of chaperones with the Krasin terminal domain in cells, thereby affecting the function of Krasin. Pitstop 1 exhibits superior biological activity in significantly inhibiting the effects of Krasin. Pitstop 1 acts as a dose that inhibits the entry of viruses and pathogens into cells and modulates cell signaling .
GluR23Y is a biological active peptide. (This GluR23Y peptide was used in ELISA cell-surface assay for the insulin-stimulated endocytosis of native AMPA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons. GluR23Y prevented any insulin-induced reduction. The blockade of insulin action was observed when the GluR23Y peptide was delivered into neurons by fusing it to the membrane transduction domain of HIV-1.)
Dopamine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dopamine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
TRS-005 is an anti-CD20ADC, formed by conjugating an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody to MMAE (HY-15162) via a Val-Cit (HY-140014) linker. TRS-005 targets CD20-positive tumor cells and delivers MMAE into cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis. TRS-005 can be used for research on relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (specifically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) .
Clathrin-IN-5 (Compound 9) is a Clathrin N-terminal domain-Amphiphysin protein-protein interaction inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.77 μM. Clathrin-IN-5 inhibits the protein-protein interaction between the clathrin N-terminal domain and amphiphysin. Clathrin-IN-5 inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis with an IC50 of 4.6 μM. Clathrin-IN-5 inhibits the GTPase activity of Dynamin I with an IC50 of 29.7 μM .
BV2 is a delivery peptide that binds to BVES, with a Ka of 2.03 μM for the BVES target. BV2 specifically binds to the extracellular domain of BVES, achieving muscle homing and cellular internalization via caveolae-mediated endocytosis. When BV2 is modified on the surface of exosomes by PMO, it enhances dystrophin restoration in the peripheral muscles and myocardium of dystrophin-deficient mice. BV2 is applicable to research related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy and muscle atrophy .
Pitstop 2c is a Clathrin inhibitor with an IC50 of <2 μM. Pitstop 2c binds to Clathrin N-terminal β-propeller domain, inhibits Clathrin function and dynamics and impairs VSV entry. Pitstop 2c inhibits Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis. Pitstop 2d does not inhibit clathrin-independent Endocytosis .
PDI2 (PSMA-DOTA-PEI2) is a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand that acts as a tumor retention agent, renal uptake reducer, imaging agent and antitumor agent, applicable in SPECT diagnostic imaging and radiotheranostics. PDI2 specifically binds to PSMA on prostate cancer cells, enters cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis, and exhibits higher tumor retention rate and lower renal uptake level. PDI2 is applicable in research related to prostate cancer and castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer .
AA76-lipid (Compound aa76) is a compound with a C-terminal arginine and histidine. AA76-lipid can be used to prepare pancreas-targeted lipid nanoparticles AH-LNP. After assembling with proteins, the increased size of AH-LNP promotes Capsule-filter-mediated selective accumulation in the pancreas and receptor-mediated endocytosis, thereby enhancing pancreas-targeting ability. AA76-lipid enables highly pancreas-selective delivery of mRNA. AA76-lipid can be used in the research of pancreatic cancer .
cLABL is a cyclic peptide that specifically binds to ICAM‑1. cLABL mediates targeted enrichment and rapid endocytosis of nanoparticles. cLABL is applicable to researches such as precise drug delivery at inflammatory sites .
Dansylcadaverine (solution) (Monodansyl cadaverine (solution)) is an autofluorescent compound used for the labeling of autophagic vacuoles. Dansylcadaverine, a high affinity substrate of transglutaminases, can block the receptor-mediated endocytosis of many ligands . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
TMU454 is a prototype GalNAc-PROTAC conjugate. TMU454 binds to ASGPR on the membrane of cells, and then is internalized via ASGPR-mediated endocytosis. TMU454 selectively degrades BRD4. TMU454 exhibits anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma .
(KKEEE)3K acetate is a kidney-targeting peptide. (KKEEE)3K enters renal tubular cells via megalin receptor-mediated endocytosis. (KKEEE)3K acetate can be used in the research of renal drug delivery .
Hsp70TAC PD-1 Degrader-2 is a PD-L1 Hsp70TAC (Hsp70-targeting Chimeras) degrader with Kd values of 0.36 μM. Hsp70TAC PD-1 Degrader-2 forms a ternary complex with Hsp70 and PD-L1 to drive PD-L1 degradation. Hsp70TAC PD-1 Degrader-2 induces degradation of mature membrane-bound PD-L1 in an Hsp70-dependent manner and via caveolin-mediated endocytosis and lysosomal trafficking. Hsp70TAC PD-1 Degrader-2 accumulates preferentially in tumor cells with elevated Hsp70 expression for tumor-selective PD-L1 degradation. Hsp70TAC PD-1 Degrader-2 can be used for the research of cancer, such as breast invasive carcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma . (Pink: PD-1/PD-L1 ligand (HY-19745A); Blue: Hsp70 ligand (HY-182979); Black: linker (HY-182982)).
GPLGVRGC is a cysteine-tagged variant of GPLGVRG (HY-P11800). GPLGVRGC is hydrolyzable by MMP13. GPLGVRGC mediates the disassembly of micelle-exosome systems, enhances chondrocyte endocytosis, and promotes responsive system uptake. GPLGVRGC confers targeted delivery and responsive release properties to micelle-exosome systems. GPLGVRGC is applicable to the research of osteoarthritis .
Lipid TD5 is an ionizable cationic lipid with a pKa of 7.3. Lipid TD5 can be used to generate lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver mRNA in vitro and in vivo. Lipid TD5 LNPs can undergo endocytosis in a 5-HT receptor subtype 1A-dependent manner in primary mouse astrocytes .
AMBA is a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR, BB2, BRS-2) ligand with a human IC50 of 0.82 nM and a human Ki of 0.65 nM. AMBA binds to GRPR with high specificity and high affinity, and undergoes receptor-mediated endocytosis, which retains the conjugated radiometal in target cells. AMBA is applicable for the research of prostate cancer .
SHR-A1403 Antibody is an anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody. SHR-A1403 Antibody down-regulates phosphorylated c-Met, Akt, ERK, weakens intracellular signal cascades, and mediates antibody-c-Met complex endocytosis. SHR-A1403 Antibody can be used for the research of c-met-overexpressing cancers and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma .
AB-004 is a humanized monoclonal antibody and ADC targeting uPARAP. AB-004 can be conjugated with the topoisomerase-1 inhibitor P1021 via a protease-cleavable tetrapeptide linker to form the ADC ADCE-D01. AB-004 binds to tumor cells expressing uPARAP, triggering the endocytosis of the ADC. AB-004 is applicable for cancer research .
Paclitaxel liposome is a liposome-encapsulated form of Paclitaxel (HY-B0015). Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel liposome is characterized by reduced acute toxicity, prolonged circulating half-life of paclitaxel, and enhanced accumulation at tumor sites. Paclitaxel liposome can be used in research related to breast cancer and locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .
Pentabromophenol (PBP) is a brominated flame retardant (BFR) widely used in various consumer products to reduce the flammability of materials used in different utility items. Pentabromophenol can accelerate the degradation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors by promoting clathrin-mediated endocytosis, thereby inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway. Additionally, Pentabromophenol can also induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) .
Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties .
FM4-64 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
FM4-64 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
Pep-1 (uncapped) is a specific ligand of IL-13Ra2. Pep-1 (uncapped) exerts cell penetrating activity through receptor-mediated endocytosis, can cross the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) and target glioma cells. Pep-1 (uncapped) can enhance the uptake of nanoparticles by tumor cells and enhance the cell penetration ability of nanoparticles, and can be used to develop targeted drug delivery systems for glioma .
ES9-17 is an analog of ES9 (endosidin9), which is an inhibitor of clathrin heavy chain (CHC). ES9-17 is an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), a major route for internalization of plasma membrane proteins and molecules from the extracellular environment in plants. ES9-17 inhibits the uptake of transferrin and FM4-64. ES9-17 also inhibits root growth of Arabidopsis seedings .
Thioglucose is a thiosugar with antioxidant properties. Thioglucose acts as an H2S/polysulfide donor to elevate intracellular sulfane sulfur levels and promote hydropersulfide formation. Thioglucose reduces the endocytosis of gold nanoparticles by phagocytes, enhances cytotoxicity and improves biocompatibility by increasing their adsorption on the surface of cancer cells. Thioglucose can be engineered into a stimulus-responsive prodrug or functional reagent for the development of targeted nanocarriers, and is used in studies related to human breast adenocarcinoma and cervical cancer .
HZX-02-059 is a potent methuosis inducer and dual-target PIKfyve/tubulin inhibitor with anticancer activity. Methuosis mainly disrupts the balance of endocytosis and exocytosis, forming a large number of vesicles and inducing cell death. HZX-02-059 also induces cell vacuolization, promotes apoptosis, downregulates the p53 pathway, inhibits PI3K/AKT phosphorylation, and inhibits c-Myc and NF-κB transcription .
Zopocianine sodium (OTL-0078 sodium; OTL78 sodium) is a near-infrared optical probe targeting PSMA. Zopocianine sodium binds to PSMA on the surface of PSMA-expressing cells, enters cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis, and accumulates in acidic endosomes. Zopocianine sodium selectively accumulates in PSMA-positive cancer tissues and enables the detection of small tumors, primary prostate tumors, and locoregional metastases. Zopocianine sodium helps achieve negative tumor surgical margins during fluorescence-guided surgery. Zopocianine sodium is applicable to research related to prostate cancer .
Zopocianine (OTL-0078; OTL78) is a near-infrared optical probe targeting PSMA. Zopocianine binds to PSMA on the surface of PSMA-expressing cells, enters cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis, and accumulates in acidic endosomes. Zopocianine selectively accumulates in PSMA-positive cancer tissues and enables the detection of small tumors, primary prostate tumors, and locoregional metastases. Zopocianine helps achieve negative tumor surgical margins during fluorescence-guided surgery. Zopocianine is applicable to research related to prostate cancer .
(±)-Carbinoxamine is a blood-brain barrier-permeable histamine H1 receptor antagonist. (±)-Carbinoxamine blocks the action of histamine on H1 receptors, reducing symptoms such as sneezing, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, erythema, pruritus and urticaria. (±)-Carbinoxamine inhibits influenza virus entry into cells via endocytosis, targets the early stage of the viral life cycle, and simultaneously reduces viral replication levels in the lungs, alleviating pathological damage and inflammatory responses in lung tissues. (±)-Carbinoxamine can be used in research on allergic rhinitis, influenza, etc.
Carbinoxamine maleate salt is a blood-brain barrier-permeable histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Carbinoxamine maleate salt blocks the action of histamine on H1 receptors, reducing symptoms such as sneezing, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, erythema, pruritus and urticaria. Carbinoxamine maleate salt inhibits influenza virus entry into cells via endocytosis, targets the early stage of the viral life cycle, and simultaneously reduces viral replication levels in the lungs, alleviating pathological damage and inflammatory responses in lung tissues. Carbinoxamine maleate salt can be used in research on allergic rhinitis, influenza, etc.
Convallatoxin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Convallatoxin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties .
Mipomersen sodium (ISIS 301012) is an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of apolipoprotein B (apoB). Mipomersen has anti-HCV effect and reduces the infectivity of the HCV. Mipomersen sodium can be used for the research of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) .
GALA-chol is a cholesterol-conjugated pH-responsive fusion peptide that can serve as a delivery adjuvant. GALA-chol enhances the endocytosis of siRNA RET/PTC1-SQ nanoparticles, inhibits cell viability, and undergoes pH-responsive charge conversion in the acidic lysosomal environment, thereby promoting lysosomal escape of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) cargo. GALA-chol anchors to the sEV membrane and maintains the structural integrity and intrinsic homing activity of sEVs. GALA-chol can be used in studies related to adjuvant delivery .
TAT-GluR23A Fusion Peptide is a biological active peptide. (This is the GluR23A sequence, a control inactive peptide used as a mutant counterpart to glutamate receptor endocytosis inhibitor (GluR23Y), connected to an 11 amino acid cell permeable HIV Trans-Activator of Transcription (TAT) protein transduction domain (PTD). GluR23A is derived from GluR23Y amino acids 869 to 877, with Ala substituted for Tyr, and thus lacking essential phosphorylation sites.Control peptide of HY-P2259)
OI-3 is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD146 (MCAM). OI-3 specifically binds to CD146 on the surface of human mesothelioma cells and undergoes endocytosis; both chimeric (chOI-3) and murine (mOI-3) variants possess this activity. When conjugated with 212Pb to form 212Pb-TCMC-OI-3, OI-3 acts as a cytotoxic agent that delivers α-emitting radionuclides to induce targeted cytotoxicity. OI-3 can be used in research related to malignant peritoneal mesothelioma .
AAK1/HDACs-IN-1 (Compound 12) is the dual inhibitor for AAK1 and HDAC, that inhibits AAK1, HDAC1, and HDAC6 with IC50s of 15.9, 148.6, and 5.2 nM, respectively. AAK1/HDACs-IN-1 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection, suppresses the endocytosis of ACE2-SARS-CoV-2 complex, as well as AP2M1-ACE2 interaction .
Dynole 34-2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dynole 34-2 (HY-107545). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dynole 34-2 is a potent dynamin GTPase inhibitor (IC50s=6.9 and 14.2 µM for dynamin1 and dynamin2 GTPase activity, respectively) with antimitotic effect. Dynole 34-2 induces apoptosis, as revealed by cell blebbing, DNA fragmentation, and PARP cleavage. Dynole 34-2 also potently inhibits receptor mediated endocytosis (RME) .
EP9 is a 7-amino acid peptide targeting CD63. EP9 binds specifically to the extracellular region of CD63, including a groove in the large extracellular loop (EC2) or the extracellular end of CD63’s central cavity, triggering endocytosis of decorated nanoemulsions/liposomes into cells. EP9 promotes cellular uptake of decorated nanoemulsions/liposomes into activated cardiac fibroblasts and epicardial stromal cells via caveolae and/or clathrin-coated pits. EP9 can be used for the research of myocardial infarction, cardiac fibrosis .
4A-MPLA ammonium is an orally active TLR4 agonist. 4A-MPLA ammonium induces TLR4 endocytosis dependent on Cdc42 and galectin-3, triggering TRIF-mediated signaling and sustained IFN-β production. 4A-MPLA ammonium promotes lipid droplet formation, upregulates interferon-stimulated genes and type I IFN signaling genes, downregulates lysosome/phagosome function genes, and modulates tolerogenic dendritic cell function. 4A-MPLA ammonium can be used for the research of colitis .
Oritavancin (LY 333328), a semisynthetic derivative of Vancomycin (HY-B0671), is an orally active glycopeptide antibiotic with bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms. Oritavancin shows antibacterial effect against B. anthracis, such as Ames strain with a MIC value of 0.015 g/mL. Oritavancin inhibits cell wall synthesis and disrupts the membrane potential. Oritavancin inhibits ArlS kinase activity thereby interfering the signal transduction. Oritavancin enters cells by adsorptive endocytosis, which drives it to lysosomes, where it exerts antibiotic activity .
NEU-4438 is an antimalarial agent. NEU-4438 inhibits DNA synthesis, reduces AMPK-γ, and increases Clathrin heavy chain. NEU-4438 exhibits antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma brucei. NEU-4438 reduces trypanosome tissue burden in a chronic HAT mouse model .
Oritavancin diphosphate (LY333328 diphosphate), a semisynthetic derivative of Vancomycin (HY-B0671), is an orally active glycopeptide antibiotic with bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms. Oritavancin diphosphate shows antibacterial effect against B. anthracis, such as Ames strain with a MIC value of 0.015 g/mL. Oritavancin diphosphate inhibits cell wall synthesis and disrupts the membrane potential. Oritavancin diphosphate inhibits ArlS kinase activity thereby interfering the signal transduction. Oritavancin diphosphate enters cells by adsorptive endocytosis, which drives it to lysosomes, where it exerts antibiotic activity .
(±)-Carbinoxamine-d6 is the deuterium labeled (±)-Carbinoxamine (HY-B1589) . (±)-Carbinoxamine is a blood-brain barrier-permeable histamine H1 receptor antagonist. (±)-Carbinoxamine blocks the action of histamine on H1 receptors, reducing symptoms such as sneezing, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, erythema, pruritus and urticaria. (±)-Carbinoxamine inhibits influenza virus entry into cells via endocytosis, targets the early stage of the viral life cycle, and simultaneously reduces viral replication levels in the lungs, alleviating pathological damage and inflammatory responses in lung tissues. (±)-Carbinoxamine can be used in research on allergic rhinitis, influenza, etc.
Carbinoxamine maleate salt (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carbinoxamine maleate salt (HY-B1589A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carbinoxamine maleate salt is a blood-brain barrier-permeable histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Carbinoxamine maleate salt blocks the action of histamine on H1 receptors, reducing symptoms such as sneezing, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, erythema, pruritus and urticaria. Carbinoxamine maleate salt inhibits influenza virus entry into cells via endocytosis, targets the early stage of the viral life cycle, and simultaneously reduces viral replication levels in the lungs, alleviating pathological damage and inflammatory responses in lung tissues. Carbinoxamine maleate salt can be used in research on allergic rhinitis, influenza, etc.
DOTAP methylsulfat is a cationic lipid reagent, a cationic derivative of trimethylammonium, linked to two 18-carbon fatty acid tails, each with a single olefin group. DOTAP methylsulfat can self-assemble with negatively charged ions (such as DNA) to form complexes, which can be adsorbed to the cell membrane surface and enter the cell by electrostatic interaction and endocytosis, respectively. DOTAP methylsulfat promotes endosomal membrane fusion with its own hydrophobic domain, releases DNA into the cytoplasm, and exerts gene delivery function. DOTAP methylsulfat can be widely used in research fields such as gene therapy, cell transfection, and non-viral vector design .
PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 (1,2-dipalmitoyl) ammonium (PI(4,5)P2) is a signaling molecule. PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 (1,2-dipalmitoyl) ammonium is critical at multiple stages of endocytosis, where it sequentially recruits adaptor proteins and accessory proteins to endocytic sites. PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 (1,2-dipalmitoyl) ammonium is considered essential for maintaining the structure of the Golgi apparatus and the transport of proteins within the Golgi apparatus .
Photosensitizer-2 (compound 1) is a organic D-π-A sensitizer against phototoxicity. Photosensitizer-2 contains an acrylic acid moiety that exerts high levels of phototoxicity. Photosensitizer-2 shows antitumor activity against HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 20.9 ± 4.5 μM (dark) and 0.046 ± 0.012 μM (irradiation), respectively .
HMRhoNox-M (LysoRhoNox) is a selective fluorescent probe for labile Fe2+ with an orange fluorescence, and its excitation/emission wavelength is λₑₓ/λₑₘ = 555/575 nm. HMRhoNox-M undergoes N-oxide deoxygenation mediated by Fe 2+, converting from a non-fluorescent spirocyclic closed form to a fluorescent quinone open form. HMRhoNox-M is used to detect labile Fe 2+ in living cells .
hIMB1636 is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting Trop2. By binding to the conformational Trop2 epitope, hIMB1636 regulates related signaling pathways, triggers lysosomal endocytosis, and further induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. hIMB1636 effectively inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration and in vivo tumor growth, and also exerts bystander killing effect and mediates long-term retention. hIMB1636 can be conjugated with NOTA/DOTA for radiolabeling to enable immuno-PET imaging, or prepared as hIMB1636-LDP-AE to significantly inhibit the growth of breast cancer and lung cancer xenografts .
Belantamab (GSK2857916) is a humanized IgG1 anti-BCMA/TNFRSF17 monoclonal antibody. Belantamab is linked to MMAF (HY-15579) through a non-cleavable ADC linker to synthesize the antibody-active molecule conjugate (ADC) Belantamab mafodotin (HY-P3239). After binding to BCMA on the surface of tumor cells, Belantamab mafodotin enters the cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. After entering the cell, Belantamab mafodotin releases MMAF, blocks cell division by inhibiting tubulin polymerization, arrests the cell cycle and induces cell apoptosis. Belantamab can be used for the study of multiple myeloma, especially relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma .
PROTAC PD-L1 degrader-2 is a PD-L1PROTAC degrader with an IC50 of 197.4 nM and a Kd of 301 nM. PROTAC PD-L1 degrader-2 induces PD-L1endocytosis, drives degradation via the proteasomal and lysosomal pathways, and inhibits the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. As an immune activator, PROTAC PD-L1 degrader-2 increases the levels of CD4 +, CD8 +, granzyme B and perforin. PROTAC PD-L1 degrader-2 can be used in studies related to colon cancer immunology .
Tri-GalNAc(OAc)3 TFA is a trivalent N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) derivative that can be used to synthesize GalNAc-LYTAC. Tri-GalNAc is a specific ligand targeting the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), mediating the endocytosis and transport of cell surface proteins (such as EGFR, HER2) to lysosomes for degradation by lysosomal targeting chimeras (LYTACs). Tri-GalNAc significantly reduces the level of target proteins and inhibits downstream signaling pathways (such as EGFR-mediated Akt and MAPK signals). Tri-GalNAc(OAc)3 TFA can be used for hepatocyte targeting studies, and can degrade carcinogenic membrane proteins and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in liver cancer cell models .
Oritavancin (diphosphate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oritavancin (diphosphate). Oritavancin diphosphate (Standard), a semisynthetic derivative of Vancomycin (HY-B0671), is an orally active glycopeptide antibiotic with bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms. Oritavancin diphosphate (Standard) shows antibacterial effect against B. anthracis, such as Ames strain with a MIC value of 0.015 g/mL. Oritavancin diphosphate (Standard) inhibits cell wall synthesis and disrupts the membrane potential. Oritavancin diphosphate (Standard) inhibits ArlS kinase activity thereby interfering the signal transduction. Oritavancin diphosphate (Standard) enters cells by adsorptive endocytosis, which drives it to lysosomes, where it exerts antibiotic activity .
DSPE-PEG2000-TCO is a click chemistry coupling partner. DSPE-PEG2000-TCO undergoes a reverse electron-demand Diels-Alder click reaction to form a covalent linkage with tetrazine-modified Cetuximab (HY-P9905). DSPE-PEG2000-TCO maintains the stability of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and has high mRNA encapsulation efficiency, which supports cellular uptake and mRNA transfection. DSPE-PEG2000-TCO is used to prepare EGFR-targeted and APN-targeted mRNA-loaded LNPs, mediating receptor-dependent endocytosis, mRNA delivery, and intestinal epithelial transcytosis .
Ladiratuzumab (hLIV22) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against zinc transporter LIV-1/ZIP6. Ladiratuzumab is conjugated to MMAE (HY-15162) via a cleavable dipeptide linker to synthesize an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) Ladiratuzumab vedotin (HY-P99683). Ladiratuzumab vedotin selectively targets LIV-1 protein overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells, enters cells through antibody-mediated receptor endocytosis, releases MMAE to inhibit microtubule polymerization, and kills adjacent tumor cells with a bystander effect. Ladiratuzumab can be used in the study of solid tumors such as metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) .
DSPE-PEG3400-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG3400-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
DSPE-PEG5000-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG5000-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
Anti-CD24 Antibody (SWA11) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting CD24, with high affinity and specificity for tumor cells expressing CD24. Anti-CD24 Antibody (SWA11) binds to CD24 on tumor cells, triggers endocytosis, alters STAT3-dependent gene expression, regulates Src phosphorylation, and blocks CD24-mediated signaling pathways. Anti-CD24 Antibody (SWA11) exhibits anticancer effects, such as against lung cancer and ovarian cancer. Recommended isotype control: Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
DSPE-PEG1000-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG1000-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
Zevontabart (MYTX-011 Antibody; Q-397) is a pH-dependent anti-c-MET antibody. Zevontabart regulates the trafficking process of c-MET to reduce receptor recycling, and enhances its own endocytosis and accumulation in c-MET-expressing cells. Zevontabart induces cytotoxicity in solid tumor cells and exerts anti-tumor activity in a non-small cell lung cancer xenograft mouse model. Zevontabart can be used to synthesize ADC, such as: MYTX-011. Zevontabart can be used in studies related to non-small cell lung cancer, with its corresponding isotype control being Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001) .
DSPE-PEG2000-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG2000-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
bFGF (119-126) is a ligand of bFGF. The complex formed by bFGF (119-126) and bFGF can bind to FGFR1, while inhibiting the bFGF-FGFR1 interaction, FGFR1 phosphorylation and downstream signaling pathways. Therefore, bFGF (119-126) induces cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. When conjugated with a carrier, bFGF (119-126) enhances cellular uptake via FGFR-mediated endocytosis and serves as an effective FGFR-targeted ligand. When used in combination with ultrasound and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), bFGF (119-126) significantly enhances the inhibitory effect on tumors. bFGF (119-126) is applicable to research related to lung cancer, breast cancer, glioblastoma and ovarian cancer .
CQY684 (PCA062 antibody) is a monoclonal antibody targeting CDH3/P-cadherin, which locks P-cadherin in an X-dimer conformation and enhances the stability of this adhesion structure. CQY684 induces P-cadherin phosphorylation and promotes its dissociation from the cytoplasmic region of P-cadherin. As an endocytosis inducer and lysosome-targeting agent, CQY684 facilitates the internalization of the P-cadherin-CQY684 complex and improves the turnover efficiency of P-cadherin. CQY684 serves as a platform for the delivery of intracellular anticancer compounds, which is achieved through the targeted lysosomal transport of the antibody-P-cadherin complex. CQY684 is applicable to the research of breast cancer, esophageal cancer, and head and neck cancer .
Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) is a cell-penetrating peptide that is synthesized by adding nona-arginine motif to the carboxy terminus of RVG (rabies virus glycoprotein). Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) binds to nAChR on neuronal cells to mediate receptor-mediated endocytosis and targeted siRNA delivery.Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) protects complexed siRNA from degradation, enhances transcellular siRNA delivery in neuronal cells, and promotes efficient, pecific gene silencing.Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) can be used for the researches of neurological disease and cancer .
Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt is a negatively charged β-cyclodextrin derivative, as well as a metal ion chelator and solubilizing reagent. Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt forms stable aqueous complexes with Ba 2+, Ca 2+, Cd 2+, Ni 2+, Pb 2+, Sr 2+, and Zn 2+ ions. Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt derived hydrogel carriers support oral insulin delivery via paracellular permeation across Caco-2 monolayers and produce sustained hypoglycemic effects in diabetic mice. Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt can be conjugated onto folate-modified BSA nanoparticles to boost folate receptor-mediated endocytosis, elevate intracellular anticancer drug uptake and trigger cell apoptosis. Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt can be utilized for chiral separation in capillary electrophoresis, development of nanoscale drug carriers and nucleic acid transfection research .
Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) is a mAb that specifically targets mouse discoidin domain receptor DDR2 without cross-reacting with DDR1. Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) binds to the extracellular domain of native mouse DDR2, induces endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of DDR2, and this process is independent of collagen binding. Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) exhibits significant therapeutic effects in both the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model of renal fibrosis and the bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis, effectively downregulating the mRNA expression of type I collagen Col1a1 and fibronectin Fn1. Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) can be humanized and has the potential to be developed as a targeted agent for diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and renal fibrosis .
Chlorpromazine is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-transparent antipsychotic agent that effectively antagonises D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A, which is widely used in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Chlorpromazine exerts anti-cancer activity through a variety of pathways, including anti-proliferation, induction of autophagy and cycle arrest (G2-M phase), inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis, and inhibition of tumour immune escape. Chlorpromazine also blocks hNav1.7 channels (IC50=25.9 μM; concentration-dependent) and HERG potassium channels (IC50=21.6 μM), which has potential for analgesic and cardiac arrhythmic studies. Chlorpromazine also can inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis .
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-transparent antipsychotic agent that effectively antagonises D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A, which is widely used in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride exerts anti-cancer activity through a variety of pathways, including anti-proliferation, induction of autophagy and cycle arrest (G2-M phase), inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis, and inhibition of tumour immune escape. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also blocks hNav1.7 channels (IC50=25.9 μM; concentration-dependent) and HERG potassium channels (IC50=21.6 μM), which has potential for analgesic and cardiac arrhythmic studies. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also can inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis .
GalNAc-L96 free base is a conjugate of GalNAc and its ligand L96. When conjugated with the A-rich HCV sequence (H12), GalNAc-L96 free base binds potently to ASGPR, with a Ki value of 10.4 nM. GalNAc-L96 free base promotes siRNA delivery to hepatocytes .
Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-transparent antipsychotic agent that effectively antagonises D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A, which is widely used in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride exerts anti-cancer activity through a variety of pathways, including anti-proliferation, induction of autophagy and cycle arrest (G2-M phase), inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis, and inhibition of tumour immune escape. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also blocks hNav1.7 channels (IC50=25.9 μM; concentration-dependent) and HERG potassium channels (IC50=21.6 μM), which has potential for analgesic and cardiac arrhythmic studies. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also can inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis .
Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-transparent antipsychotic agent that effectively antagonises D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A, which is widely used in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride exerts anti-cancer activity through a variety of pathways, including anti-proliferation, induction of autophagy and cycle arrest (G2-M phase), inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis, and inhibition of tumour immune escape. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also blocks hNav1.7 channels (IC50=25.9 μM; concentration-dependent) and HERG potassium channels (IC50=21.6 μM), which has potential for analgesic and cardiac arrhythmic studies. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also can inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis .
LNP Lipid-8 (11-A-M) is an ionizable single-tail multi-head lipid that can be used as a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) to deliver siRNA to T cells without targeting ligands. LNP Lipid-8 is more selective for T cells than other cell types such as hepatocytes. LNP Lipid-8 selectively delivers siRNA/sgRNA to T cells (especially CD8+ T cells) through endogenous lipid transport pathways, and can enter cells and release RNA through endocytosis to achieve gene silencing. LNP Lipid-8 loaded with GFP siRNA (siGFP) significantly led to GFP gene silencing in mouse models. LNP Lipid-8 showed good efficacy and safety in both cells and animals, without obvious liver targeting and toxicity. LNP Lipid-8 can be used for RNA delivery research in the fields of tumor immunotherapy and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases .
DSPE-PEG3400 is a phospholipid-PEG polymer conjugate that can be used in drug delivery applications. DSPE-PEG3400 serves as a material for preparing nanocarriers, which is used to prolong blood circulation time, enhance stability and improve encapsulation efficiency .
Dextran 70,000 is a high molecular weight polysaccharide formed by glucose linked by α-(1→6) glycosidic bonds. Dextran 70,000 can expand blood volume through colloidal osmotic pressure effect and inhibit cell adhesion and platelet aggregation through steric hindrance. At the same time, Dextran 70,000 can be used as a drug carrier to achieve targeted delivery through endocytosis. Dextran 70,000 is biologically inert and has low immunogenicity. It can be used for clinical blood volume expansion, anti-thrombotic research, and evaluation of vascular permeability in in vitro experiments. It can also be combined with fluorescent dyes for cell tracking and drug delivery research. The Dextran series of compounds are also natural polysaccharide drug carriers that can be connected to drugs through covalent bonding methods such as ester bonds, amide bonds or click chemistry, or self-assembled to form carriers such as nanoparticles and hydrogels. Dextran is biodegradable and biocompatible, and can achieve targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Dextran derivatives can prolong the half-life of drugs, increase local concentrations, and reduce the activity of immune clearance.
mPEG750-amine (mPEG750-NH2) is a chemical modification reagent for nanoparticles, capable of covalently binding to Ad-PVA to form Ad-PVA-PEG polymers. mPEG750-amine stabilizes gene delivery complexes by providing steric hindrance, reducing particle aggregation, while enhancing the water solubility and serum stability of the complex, reducing carrier cytotoxicity, and assisting in the efficient condensation of pDNA by cationic components to form nanoparticles that can be endocytosed by cells. mPEG750-amine can also be used to synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulating the anticancer agent Camptothecin (HY-16560). Folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers for poorly soluble anticancer drugs, capable of avoiding macrophages and acting through folate receptor (FR)-mediated endocytosis to target tumor cells. mPEG750-amine can be applied to research in the field of non-viral gene delivery, as a component of gene delivery vectors, facilitating the safe and efficient delivery of nucleic acid drugs to target cells .
TAT-GluA2 3Y is a blood-brain barrier-permeable AMPA receptor inhibitory peptide that crosses cell membranes via the HIV-1TAT protein domain. TAT-GluA2 3Y blocks the endocytosis of AMPA receptors, including the internalization of GluA1/GluA2 subunits, by disrupting interactions with the AP2, Brag2 and Syt3-GluA2 complexes, while also inhibiting long-term depression. TAT-GluA2 3Y blocks hypoxia-mediated AMPAR internalization, alleviates A1R-induced persistent synaptic inhibition, and reduces cerebral ischemic volume, neurological deficits and spatial memory deficits. TAT-GluA2 3Y blocks the effect of NLRP3 deficiency on fear generalization, inhibits amphetamine-induced behavioral/neurochemical sensitization, weakens the unconditioned stimulus-conditioned stimulus association of morphine, and promotes the extinction of morphine CPP. TAT-GluA2 3Y can be used in studies related to fear generalization, ischemic stroke, hypoxia, drug addiction and opioid addiction .
Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) is a high-affinity, multi-target antibody that binds specifically to LY6E. Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) binds specifically to cell-surface LY6E and enters lysosomes via lipid raft-dependent endocytosis, thereby effectively inhibiting the growth of various LY6E-expressing solid tumors (such as breast cancer and lung cancer) in both in vitro and in vivo models. Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) exerts a dual mechanism of action: on one hand, it blocks the interaction between PILRα and CD8α, specifically reduces the survival rate of peripheral CD8 + T cells and induces their activation, breaking the state of cellular quiescence; on the other hand, it recognizes and immunoprecipitates IDE under both non-denaturing and denaturing conditions, which is applicable to studies on the subcellular localization and protein interactions of IDE. The regulatory effect of Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) on CD8 + T cells strictly depends on the presence of PILRα, and it does not affect CD4 + T cells or T cell development in the thymus, exhibiting high specificity .
P-LPK is a dodecapeptide that specifically targets SLC1A5, which is highly expressed on the membrane of colorectal cancer cells, with a Kd value of 1.19 μM. P-LPK has no intrinsic cell proliferation regulatory activity. Gallium-68-labeled P-LPK selectively accumulates at colorectal cancer tumor sites in xenograft mouse models. P-LPK can serve as a targeted carrier to deliver Camptothecin (HY-16560) to colorectal cancer cells, forming the conjugate P-LPK-CPT. P-LPK can be used in the research of colorectal cancer .
(Arg)9,TAMRA-labeled acetate is a TAMRA-labeled, membrane-permeable cationic cell-penetrating polyarginine peptide. (Arg)9,TAMRA-labeled acetate acts as a cell-penetrating peptide for drug delivery .
INCA033989 is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting mutCALR (KD = 1.75 nM for mutCALR del52; KD = 6.78 nM for mutCALR ins5). INCA033989 antagonizes mutCALR-driven signaling and proliferation. INCA033989 selectively inhibits pSTAT3/pSTAT5. INCA033989 prevents thrombocytosis and reduces the expansion of mutCALR-positive cells. INCA033989 is useful for research on myeloproliferative neoplasms .
FM4-64 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
Dansylcadaverine (Monodansyl cadaverine) is an autofluorescent compound used for the labeling of autophagic vacuoles. Dansylcadaverine, a high affinity substrate of transglutaminases, can block the receptor-mediated endocytosis of many ligands .
FM1-43 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
FZ-AD005 is a DLL3-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with high selectivity, composed of the anti-DLL3 antibody FZ-A038 (HY-P990896), a dipeptide linker (Val-Ala), and DXd (HY-13631D). The Kd value of FZ-AD005 for human DLL3 ranges from 13.29 to 58.3 pmol/L. After binding to DLL3 on the cell surface, FZ-AD005 mediates endocytosis, and the payload DXd is released via cleavage by lysosomal cathepsins. DXd inhibits topoisomerase TopI to induce double-strand DNA breaks, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and FZ-AD005 exhibits bystander killing activity against adjacent DLL3-negative cells. FZ-AD005 shows stable circulation in vivo, has good tolerance and acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles in rats and cynomolgus monkeys, and effectively inhibits the growth of DLL3-expressing tumor cells. FZ-AD005 serves as a promising candidate molecule for research on small cell lung cancer and human neuroendocrine prostate cancer .
4-Di-1-ASP is a styryl dye used to stain glioma cells in living brain tissue for analysis of cell structure, viability, proliferation and endocytosis, cytokinesis and phagocytosis, as well as for observation of mitochondrial structures in living cells. 4-Di-1-ASP fluoresces green when imaged microscopically (λex /λem = 475/606 nm) .
FM4-64 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
FM1-43 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
PM-1, a derivative of Thioflavin-T (ThT; HY-D0218), is a small but highly specific plasma membrane (PM) fluorescent dye for specific and long-time membrane imaging of living and fixed cells. PM-1 is embedded directly into the cell membrane and exhibits a very long retention time on the plasma membrane with a half-life of approximately 15 h. PM-1 can be used in combination with protein labeling probes to study ectodomain shedding and endocytosis processes of cell surface proteins .
FITC-Chitosan (MW 100000) is a chitosan (Chitosan) (HY-B2144A) labeled with FITC (HY-66019). FITC-Chitosan (MW 100000) combines the biological and physicochemical properties of chitosan (such as biocompatibility, positive charge, and nanoparticle-forming ability) with the fluorescent visibility of FITC (Ex/Em = ~485/535 nm) .
EE-Flipper 33 is a Flipper probe designed to evaluate the mechanism of early endocytosis. EE-Flipper has a pKa value of 10.6 and is capable of tracking approximately 70% of early endosomes (EE) in live cells. Furthermore, EE-Flipper 33 can also label the Golgi apparatus in live cells with an internal pH ranging from 6.0 to 6.7 .
Arg-Flipper 34 is one of the flipper probes which have been introduced as small molecule fluorophores to image membrane tension in living systems. Arg-Flipper 34 can be used to assess the mechanics of early endocytosis .
BG-SS-SulfoCy3 is a SulfoCy3-labeled SNAP tag fluorescent probe, which is linked by a disulfide bond to achieve selective labeling and controllable cleavage. BG-SS-SulfoCy3 can be used to study the endocytosis and trafficking of membrane proteins such as GPCRs .
Dansylcadaverine (solution) (Monodansyl cadaverine (solution)) is an autofluorescent compound used for the labeling of autophagic vacuoles. Dansylcadaverine, a high affinity substrate of transglutaminases, can block the receptor-mediated endocytosis of many ligands . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
HMRhoNox-M (LysoRhoNox) is a selective fluorescent probe for labile Fe2+ with an orange fluorescence, and its excitation/emission wavelength is λₑₓ/λₑₘ = 555/575 nm. HMRhoNox-M undergoes N-oxide deoxygenation mediated by Fe 2+, converting from a non-fluorescent spirocyclic closed form to a fluorescent quinone open form. HMRhoNox-M is used to detect labile Fe 2+ in living cells .
Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin) is a cyclic heptasaccharide used to deliver hydrophobic agents based on its property of solubilizing non-polar substances. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin is also extensively used as a cholesterol-depleting reagent . Methyl-β-cyclodextrin strongly reduces clathrin-dependent endocytosis . Methyl-β-cyclodextrin blocks cell migrasome formation .
DOTAP methylsulfat is a cationic lipid reagent, a cationic derivative of trimethylammonium, linked to two 18-carbon fatty acid tails, each with a single olefin group. DOTAP methylsulfat can self-assemble with negatively charged ions (such as DNA) to form complexes, which can be adsorbed to the cell membrane surface and enter the cell by electrostatic interaction and endocytosis, respectively. DOTAP methylsulfat promotes endosomal membrane fusion with its own hydrophobic domain, releases DNA into the cytoplasm, and exerts gene delivery function. DOTAP methylsulfat can be widely used in research fields such as gene therapy, cell transfection, and non-viral vector design .
Dextran 70,000 is a high molecular weight polysaccharide formed by glucose linked by α-(1→6) glycosidic bonds. Dextran 70,000 can expand blood volume through colloidal osmotic pressure effect and inhibit cell adhesion and platelet aggregation through steric hindrance. At the same time, Dextran 70,000 can be used as a drug carrier to achieve targeted delivery through endocytosis. Dextran 70,000 is biologically inert and has low immunogenicity. It can be used for clinical blood volume expansion, anti-thrombotic research, and evaluation of vascular permeability in in vitro experiments. It can also be combined with fluorescent dyes for cell tracking and drug delivery research. The Dextran series of compounds are also natural polysaccharide drug carriers that can be connected to drugs through covalent bonding methods such as ester bonds, amide bonds or click chemistry, or self-assembled to form carriers such as nanoparticles and hydrogels. Dextran is biodegradable and biocompatible, and can achieve targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Dextran derivatives can prolong the half-life of drugs, increase local concentrations, and reduce the activity of immune clearance.
mPEG750-amine (mPEG750-NH2) is a chemical modification reagent for nanoparticles, capable of covalently binding to Ad-PVA to form Ad-PVA-PEG polymers. mPEG750-amine stabilizes gene delivery complexes by providing steric hindrance, reducing particle aggregation, while enhancing the water solubility and serum stability of the complex, reducing carrier cytotoxicity, and assisting in the efficient condensation of pDNA by cationic components to form nanoparticles that can be endocytosed by cells. mPEG750-amine can also be used to synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulating the anticancer agent Camptothecin (HY-16560). Folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers for poorly soluble anticancer drugs, capable of avoiding macrophages and acting through folate receptor (FR)-mediated endocytosis to target tumor cells. mPEG750-amine can be applied to research in the field of non-viral gene delivery, as a component of gene delivery vectors, facilitating the safe and efficient delivery of nucleic acid drugs to target cells .
DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 is a nanocarrier component composed of DSPE and the EGFR-targeting peptide (GE11). DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 specifically binds to EGFR and mediates receptor-mediated endocytosis of micellar drug carriers. DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 can be used for drug delivery .
Thioglucose is a thiosugar with antioxidant properties. Thioglucose acts as an H2S/polysulfide donor to elevate intracellular sulfane sulfur levels and promote hydropersulfide formation. Thioglucose reduces the endocytosis of gold nanoparticles by phagocytes, enhances cytotoxicity and improves biocompatibility by increasing their adsorption on the surface of cancer cells. Thioglucose can be engineered into a stimulus-responsive prodrug or functional reagent for the development of targeted nanocarriers, and is used in studies related to human breast adenocarcinoma and cervical cancer .
DSPE-PEG3400 is a phospholipid-PEG polymer conjugate that can be used in drug delivery applications. DSPE-PEG3400 serves as a material for preparing nanocarriers, which is used to prolong blood circulation time, enhance stability and improve encapsulation efficiency .
Fucosyltransferase 8 (EC:2.4.1.68; FUT8; α1-6FucT) is a glycosyl transferase and catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue from GDP-fucose to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine residue of N-glycans .
mPEG4000-amine can be used to synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulating anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
mPEG350-amine can synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulation of anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
mPEG3400-amine can synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulation of anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
PEG-bis-amine (MW 1000) synthesizes folate-conjugated polymeric micelles for encapsulation of the anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin HY-16560 (HY-16560). Folic acid-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
PEG4000-bis-amine synthesizes folate-conjugated polymeric micelles for encapsulation of the anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin HY-16560 (HY-16560). Folic acid-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
DSPE-PEG3400-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG3400-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
DSPE-PEG5000-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG5000-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
DSPE-PEG1000-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG1000-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
DSPE-PEG2000-GALA is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a lung endothelium-targeting peptide GALA (HY-P5423). GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. DSPE-PEG2000-GALA can be used for drug delivery .
bFGF (119-126) is a ligand of bFGF. The complex formed by bFGF (119-126) and bFGF can bind to FGFR1, while inhibiting the bFGF-FGFR1 interaction, FGFR1 phosphorylation and downstream signaling pathways. Therefore, bFGF (119-126) induces cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. When conjugated with a carrier, bFGF (119-126) enhances cellular uptake via FGFR-mediated endocytosis and serves as an effective FGFR-targeted ligand. When used in combination with ultrasound and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), bFGF (119-126) significantly enhances the inhibitory effect on tumors. bFGF (119-126) is applicable to research related to lung cancer, breast cancer, glioblastoma and ovarian cancer .
GALA is a pH-responsive amphipathic peptide consisting of 30 amino acids, which acts as a lung endothelium-targeting ligand. GALA undergoes a conformational transition from random coil to α-helix in an acidic environment at pH 5.0, thereby inducing endosomal membrane destabilization and fusion. GALA-modified liposomes traverse lung endothelial cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and transcytosis, and specifically accumulate in the lungs after intravenous injection. GALA significantly promotes the cytosolic release of cargos carried by exosomes, plasmids and liposomes, effectively enhances gene transfection efficiency, and drives gene knockdown of functional macromolecules (such as siRNA) in alveolar epithelial cells (with no significant cytotoxicity at effective concentrations). GALA serves as a critical tool for studies on lung cancer metastasis (e.g., melanoma lung metastasis) and lung-targeted drug delivery systems .
Prosaptide Tx14(A), a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
E (c (RGDfK)) 2 is a αvβ3 integrin ligand and tumor-targeting agent. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 binds to αvβ3 integrin, mediates receptor-mediated endocytosis of conjugated payloads, and inhibits integrin-dependent cell adhesion to fibrinogen. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells and endothelial cells. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 preferentially accumulates in orthotopic mouse breast tumors and human ovarian cancer xenograft tumors. E (c (RGDfK)) 2 can be used in research related to glioblastoma, lung cancer, breast adenocarcinoma and ovarian cancer .
Pep-1 (uncapped) is a specific ligand of IL-13Ra2. Pep-1 (uncapped) exerts cell penetrating activity through receptor-mediated endocytosis, can cross the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) and target glioma cells. Pep-1 (uncapped) can enhance the uptake of nanoparticles by tumor cells and enhance the cell penetration ability of nanoparticles, and can be used to develop targeted drug delivery systems for glioma .
Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) is a cell-penetrating peptide that is synthesized by adding nona-arginine motif to the carboxy terminus of RVG (rabies virus glycoprotein). Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) binds to nAChR on neuronal cells to mediate receptor-mediated endocytosis and targeted siRNA delivery.Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) protects complexed siRNA from degradation, enhances transcellular siRNA delivery in neuronal cells, and promotes efficient, pecific gene silencing.Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) can be used for the researches of neurological disease and cancer .
TAT-GluA2 3Y is a blood-brain barrier-permeable AMPA receptor inhibitory peptide that crosses cell membranes via the HIV-1TAT protein domain. TAT-GluA2 3Y blocks the endocytosis of AMPA receptors, including the internalization of GluA1/GluA2 subunits, by disrupting interactions with the AP2, Brag2 and Syt3-GluA2 complexes, while also inhibiting long-term depression. TAT-GluA2 3Y blocks hypoxia-mediated AMPAR internalization, alleviates A1R-induced persistent synaptic inhibition, and reduces cerebral ischemic volume, neurological deficits and spatial memory deficits. TAT-GluA2 3Y blocks the effect of NLRP3 deficiency on fear generalization, inhibits amphetamine-induced behavioral/neurochemical sensitization, weakens the unconditioned stimulus-conditioned stimulus association of morphine, and promotes the extinction of morphine CPP. TAT-GluA2 3Y can be used in studies related to fear generalization, ischemic stroke, hypoxia, drug addiction and opioid addiction .
DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated is a DynaMin inhibitor to interfere with the binding of amphiphysin with dynamin. DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated is a membrane-permeant form of the peptide that prevents endocytosis .
CPP9 TFA is a small, amphipathic, cyclic cell penetrating peptide (CPP). CPPs bind directly to the plasma membrane phospholipids and enter mammalian cells via endocytosis, followed by efficient release from the endosome. CPP9 TFA can be used for intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents and chemical probes .
CPP12 is a small, amphipathic, cyclic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). CPP12 binds directly to plasma membrane phospholipids, enters mammalian cells via endocytosis, and then efficiently escapes from endosomes. CPP12 can be used for the intracellular delivery of drugs and chemical probes .
CPP12 TFA is a small, amphipathic, cyclic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). CPP12 TFA binds directly to plasma membrane phospholipids, enters mammalian cells via endocytosis, and then efficiently escapes from endosomes. CPP12 TFA can be used for the intracellular delivery of drugs and chemical probes .
SP94 peptide, Cys conjugated is a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-targeting peptide conjugated with Cys. SP94 peptide, Cys conjugated can be used for synthesis of stimuli-responsive peptide nanomaterials (SRPNs) like platinum nanocluster assemblies (PT-NA) and it promotes the entry of PT-NA into HCC cells by mediating endocytosis. SP94 peptide, Cys conjugated can be used for cancers research .
Biotin-TAT (47-57), a biotin tagged TAT, is a transactivator of transcription. Biotin-TAT (47-57) is one of the most widely used protein transduction domains (PTDs) into different primary cells is ATP- and temperature-dependent, indicating the involvement of endocytosis .
(KKEEE)3K is a kidney-targeting peptide. (KKEEE)3K enters renal tubular cells via megalin receptor-mediated endocytosis. (KKEEE)3K can be used in the research of renal drug delivery .
M918 is a cell-penetrating peptide. M918 is internalized by cells through endocytosis and can effectively penetrate a variety of cells in a non-toxic manner. M918 can be used in gene therapy and drug delivery system research .
D15, a peptide with 15 aa segment of dynamin, is an AMPARendocytosis inhibitor. D15 blocks the interaction of dynamin with amphiphysin 1 and 2. D15 significantly increases AMPAR excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSC) amplitude of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in Sapap3 KO mice. D15 can be used for neuropsychiatric disorder research .
CPP9 is a small, amphipathic, cyclic cell penetrating peptide (CPP). CPPs bind directly to the plasma membrane phospholipids and enter mammalian cells via endocytosis, followed by efficient release from the endosome. CPP9 can be used for intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents and chemical probes .
Neurokinin Receptor (393-407), rat (SPR393–407) is a rat neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) fragment. NK1R is rapidly internalized by endocytosis and recycled to the plasma membrane when binding to substance P (SP). Neurokinin Receptor (393-407), rat can be used in the research of neurogenic inflammation .
Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA, a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a DynaMin inhibitor to interfere with the binding of amphiphysin with dynamin. DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a membrane-permeant form of the peptide that prevents endocytosis .
Self-assembling peptide pY1 is a peptide that assemblies around cancer cells and targets EGFR. When co-cultured with Ovalbumin (OVA), pY1 can effectively block the endocytosis of OVA .
(Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is the Gq-dependent pathway agonist. (Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is also a weaker agonist for the β-arrestin engagement and endocytosis toward the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled TFA is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
GluR23Y is a biological active peptide. (This GluR23Y peptide was used in ELISA cell-surface assay for the insulin-stimulated endocytosis of native AMPA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons. GluR23Y prevented any insulin-induced reduction. The blockade of insulin action was observed when the GluR23Y peptide was delivered into neurons by fusing it to the membrane transduction domain of HIV-1.)
TAT-GluR23A Fusion Peptide is a biological active peptide. (This is the GluR23A sequence, a control inactive peptide used as a mutant counterpart to glutamate receptor endocytosis inhibitor (GluR23Y), connected to an 11 amino acid cell permeable HIV Trans-Activator of Transcription (TAT) protein transduction domain (PTD). GluR23A is derived from GluR23Y amino acids 869 to 877, with Ala substituted for Tyr, and thus lacking essential phosphorylation sites.Control peptide of HY-P2259)
BV2 is a delivery peptide that binds to BVES, with a Ka of 2.03 μM for the BVES target. BV2 specifically binds to the extracellular domain of BVES, achieving muscle homing and cellular internalization via caveolae-mediated endocytosis. When BV2 is modified on the surface of exosomes by PMO, it enhances dystrophin restoration in the peripheral muscles and myocardium of dystrophin-deficient mice. BV2 is applicable to research related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy and muscle atrophy .
PDI2 (PSMA-DOTA-PEI2) is a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand that acts as a tumor retention agent, renal uptake reducer, imaging agent and antitumor agent, applicable in SPECT diagnostic imaging and radiotheranostics. PDI2 specifically binds to PSMA on prostate cancer cells, enters cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis, and exhibits higher tumor retention rate and lower renal uptake level. PDI2 is applicable in research related to prostate cancer and castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer .
cLABL is a cyclic peptide that specifically binds to ICAM‑1. cLABL mediates targeted enrichment and rapid endocytosis of nanoparticles. cLABL is applicable to researches such as precise drug delivery at inflammatory sites .
(KKEEE)3K acetate is a kidney-targeting peptide. (KKEEE)3K enters renal tubular cells via megalin receptor-mediated endocytosis. (KKEEE)3K acetate can be used in the research of renal drug delivery .
GPLGVRGC is a cysteine-tagged variant of GPLGVRG (HY-P11800). GPLGVRGC is hydrolyzable by MMP13. GPLGVRGC mediates the disassembly of micelle-exosome systems, enhances chondrocyte endocytosis, and promotes responsive system uptake. GPLGVRGC confers targeted delivery and responsive release properties to micelle-exosome systems. GPLGVRGC is applicable to the research of osteoarthritis .
AMBA is a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR, BB2, BRS-2) ligand with a human IC50 of 0.82 nM and a human Ki of 0.65 nM. AMBA binds to GRPR with high specificity and high affinity, and undergoes receptor-mediated endocytosis, which retains the conjugated radiometal in target cells. AMBA is applicable for the research of prostate cancer .
GALA-chol is a cholesterol-conjugated pH-responsive fusion peptide that can serve as a delivery adjuvant. GALA-chol enhances the endocytosis of siRNA RET/PTC1-SQ nanoparticles, inhibits cell viability, and undergoes pH-responsive charge conversion in the acidic lysosomal environment, thereby promoting lysosomal escape of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) cargo. GALA-chol anchors to the sEV membrane and maintains the structural integrity and intrinsic homing activity of sEVs. GALA-chol can be used in studies related to adjuvant delivery .
EP9 is a 7-amino acid peptide targeting CD63. EP9 binds specifically to the extracellular region of CD63, including a groove in the large extracellular loop (EC2) or the extracellular end of CD63’s central cavity, triggering endocytosis of decorated nanoemulsions/liposomes into cells. EP9 promotes cellular uptake of decorated nanoemulsions/liposomes into activated cardiac fibroblasts and epicardial stromal cells via caveolae and/or clathrin-coated pits. EP9 can be used for the research of myocardial infarction, cardiac fibrosis .
P-LPK is a dodecapeptide that specifically targets SLC1A5, which is highly expressed on the membrane of colorectal cancer cells, with a Kd value of 1.19 μM. P-LPK has no intrinsic cell proliferation regulatory activity. Gallium-68-labeled P-LPK selectively accumulates at colorectal cancer tumor sites in xenograft mouse models. P-LPK can serve as a targeted carrier to deliver Camptothecin (HY-16560) to colorectal cancer cells, forming the conjugate P-LPK-CPT. P-LPK can be used in the research of colorectal cancer .
(Arg)9,TAMRA-labeled acetate is a TAMRA-labeled, membrane-permeable cationic cell-penetrating polyarginine peptide. (Arg)9,TAMRA-labeled acetate acts as a cell-penetrating peptide for drug delivery .
Amivantamab (JNJ-61186372) is a human EGFR-MET bispecific antibody with immune anticancer activity. Amivantamab inhibits ligand binding, promotes endocytosis and degradation of receptor-antibody complexes, and induces Fc-dependent cytokinesis in macrophages and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity in natural killer cells .
Belantamab (GSK2857916) is a humanized IgG1 anti-BCMA/TNFRSF17 monoclonal antibody. Belantamab is linked to MMAF (HY-15579) through a non-cleavable ADC linker to synthesize the antibody-active molecule conjugate (ADC) Belantamab mafodotin (HY-P3239). After binding to BCMA on the surface of tumor cells, Belantamab mafodotin enters the cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. After entering the cell, Belantamab mafodotin releases MMAF, blocks cell division by inhibiting tubulin polymerization, arrests the cell cycle and induces cell apoptosis. Belantamab can be used for the study of multiple myeloma, especially relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma .
Zarutatug (TORL-3-600 antibody) is an IgG1κ humanized antibody targeting cadherin 17 (CDH17). It selectively binds to cell-surface CDH17, triggering endocytosis and trafficking to lysosomes. Zarutatug can be used to construct ADCs, such as TORL-3-600 .
Ladiratuzumab (hLIV22) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against zinc transporter LIV-1/ZIP6. Ladiratuzumab is conjugated to MMAE (HY-15162) via a cleavable dipeptide linker to synthesize an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) Ladiratuzumab vedotin (HY-P99683). Ladiratuzumab vedotin selectively targets LIV-1 protein overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells, enters cells through antibody-mediated receptor endocytosis, releases MMAE to inhibit microtubule polymerization, and kills adjacent tumor cells with a bystander effect. Ladiratuzumab can be used in the study of solid tumors such as metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) .
Aprutumab (BAY 1179470) is a fully human fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2)-specific monoclonal antibody . Aprutumab induces FGFR2endocytosis and degradation in cancer cells expressing FGFR2. Aprutumab serves as the targeted monoclonal antibody component of the antibody-drug conjugate BAY 1187982 (HY-141600) and mediates the endocytosis of the antibody-drug conjugate into FGFR2-positive cells. Aprutumab can be used for the research of FGFR2-positive solid tumors, including studies on gastric cancer and triple-negative breast cancer .
Amivantamab (FUT8-KO) is an anti-EGFR-MET monoclonal antibody expressed by CHO cells with the fucosyltransferase 8 gene (FUT8) knocked out. Fucose deficiency enhances the ADCC effect of the antibody. Amivantamab (FUT8-KO) inhibits ligand binding, promotes endocytosis and degradation of receptor-antibody complexes, and induces Fc-dependent cytokinesis in macrophages and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity in natural killer cells .
Anti-CD24 Antibody (SWA11) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting CD24, with high affinity and specificity for tumor cells expressing CD24. Anti-CD24 Antibody (SWA11) binds to CD24 on tumor cells, triggers endocytosis, alters STAT3-dependent gene expression, regulates Src phosphorylation, and blocks CD24-mediated signaling pathways. Anti-CD24 Antibody (SWA11) exhibits anticancer effects, such as against lung cancer and ovarian cancer. Recommended isotype control: Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
Tafolecimab (IBI-306) is a human lgG2 monoclonal antibody that specifically binds PCSK-9 and reduces LDL-C levels by inhibiting PCSK-9-mediated endocytosis of the LDL receptor, which in turn enhances clearance of LDL-C and leads to a reduction in LDL-C levels. Tafolecimab may be used in studies of hypercholesterolaemia .
CQY684 (PCA062 antibody) is a monoclonal antibody targeting CDH3/P-cadherin, which locks P-cadherin in an X-dimer conformation and enhances the stability of this adhesion structure. CQY684 induces P-cadherin phosphorylation and promotes its dissociation from the cytoplasmic region of P-cadherin. As an endocytosis inducer and lysosome-targeting agent, CQY684 facilitates the internalization of the P-cadherin-CQY684 complex and improves the turnover efficiency of P-cadherin. CQY684 serves as a platform for the delivery of intracellular anticancer compounds, which is achieved through the targeted lysosomal transport of the antibody-P-cadherin complex. CQY684 is applicable to the research of breast cancer, esophageal cancer, and head and neck cancer .
SHR-A1403 Antibody is an anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody. SHR-A1403 Antibody down-regulates phosphorylated c-Met, Akt, ERK, weakens intracellular signal cascades, and mediates antibody-c-Met complex endocytosis. SHR-A1403 Antibody can be used for the research of c-met-overexpressing cancers and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma .
AB-004 is a humanized monoclonal antibody and ADC targeting uPARAP. AB-004 can be conjugated with the topoisomerase-1 inhibitor P1021 via a protease-cleavable tetrapeptide linker to form the ADC ADCE-D01. AB-004 binds to tumor cells expressing uPARAP, triggering the endocytosis of the ADC. AB-004 is applicable for cancer research .
OI-3 is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD146 (MCAM). OI-3 specifically binds to CD146 on the surface of human mesothelioma cells and undergoes endocytosis; both chimeric (chOI-3) and murine (mOI-3) variants possess this activity. When conjugated with 212Pb to form 212Pb-TCMC-OI-3, OI-3 acts as a cytotoxic agent that delivers α-emitting radionuclides to induce targeted cytotoxicity. OI-3 can be used in research related to malignant peritoneal mesothelioma .
hIMB1636 is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting Trop2. By binding to the conformational Trop2 epitope, hIMB1636 regulates related signaling pathways, triggers lysosomal endocytosis, and further induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. hIMB1636 effectively inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration and in vivo tumor growth, and also exerts bystander killing effect and mediates long-term retention. hIMB1636 can be conjugated with NOTA/DOTA for radiolabeling to enable immuno-PET imaging, or prepared as hIMB1636-LDP-AE to significantly inhibit the growth of breast cancer and lung cancer xenografts .
Zevontabart (MYTX-011 Antibody; Q-397) is a pH-dependent anti-c-MET antibody. Zevontabart regulates the trafficking process of c-MET to reduce receptor recycling, and enhances its own endocytosis and accumulation in c-MET-expressing cells. Zevontabart induces cytotoxicity in solid tumor cells and exerts anti-tumor activity in a non-small cell lung cancer xenograft mouse model. Zevontabart can be used to synthesize ADC, such as: MYTX-011. Zevontabart can be used in studies related to non-small cell lung cancer, with its corresponding isotype control being Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001) .
Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) is a mAb that specifically targets mouse discoidin domain receptor DDR2 without cross-reacting with DDR1. Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) binds to the extracellular domain of native mouse DDR2, induces endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of DDR2, and this process is independent of collagen binding. Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) exhibits significant therapeutic effects in both the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model of renal fibrosis and the bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis, effectively downregulating the mRNA expression of type I collagen Col1a1 and fibronectin Fn1. Anti-Mouse DDR2 Antibody (DAB0065) can be humanized and has the potential to be developed as a targeted agent for diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and renal fibrosis .
Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) is a high-affinity, multi-target antibody that binds specifically to LY6E. Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) binds specifically to cell-surface LY6E and enters lysosomes via lipid raft-dependent endocytosis, thereby effectively inhibiting the growth of various LY6E-expressing solid tumors (such as breast cancer and lung cancer) in both in vitro and in vivo models. Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) exerts a dual mechanism of action: on one hand, it blocks the interaction between PILRα and CD8α, specifically reduces the survival rate of peripheral CD8 + T cells and induces their activation, breaking the state of cellular quiescence; on the other hand, it recognizes and immunoprecipitates IDE under both non-denaturing and denaturing conditions, which is applicable to studies on the subcellular localization and protein interactions of IDE. The regulatory effect of Anti-Human/Mouse LY6E Antibody (9B12) on CD8 + T cells strictly depends on the presence of PILRα, and it does not affect CD4 + T cells or T cell development in the thymus, exhibiting high specificity .
INCA033989 is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting mutCALR (KD = 1.75 nM for mutCALR del52; KD = 6.78 nM for mutCALR ins5). INCA033989 antagonizes mutCALR-driven signaling and proliferation. INCA033989 selectively inhibits pSTAT3/pSTAT5. INCA033989 prevents thrombocytosis and reduces the expansion of mutCALR-positive cells. INCA033989 is useful for research on myeloproliferative neoplasms .
Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties .
Dopamine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dopamine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Clemastanin B, a lignin, has potent anti-influenza activities by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment. Clemastanin B targets viral endocytosis, uncoating or ribonucleoprotein (RNP) export from the nucleus. Clemastanin B has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities .
4A-MPLA ammonium is an orally active TLR4 agonist. 4A-MPLA ammonium induces TLR4 endocytosis dependent on Cdc42 and galectin-3, triggering TRIF-mediated signaling and sustained IFN-β production. 4A-MPLA ammonium promotes lipid droplet formation, upregulates interferon-stimulated genes and type I IFN signaling genes, downregulates lysosome/phagosome function genes, and modulates tolerogenic dendritic cell function. 4A-MPLA ammonium can be used for the research of colitis .
Dopamine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dopamine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
Convallatoxin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Convallatoxin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties .
Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-transparent antipsychotic agent that effectively antagonises D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A, which is widely used in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride exerts anti-cancer activity through a variety of pathways, including anti-proliferation, induction of autophagy and cycle arrest (G2-M phase), inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis, and inhibition of tumour immune escape. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also blocks hNav1.7 channels (IC50=25.9 μM; concentration-dependent) and HERG potassium channels (IC50=21.6 μM), which has potential for analgesic and cardiac arrhythmic studies. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also can inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis .
NECAP2 protein plays a pivotal role in endocytosis, interacting with adapter protein complexes AP-1 and AP-2, specifically with AP1G1 and AP2A1. Additionally, it connects with GAE domain proteins GGA1, GGA2, and GGA3, participating in a network of interactions that orchestrate endocytic events. NECAP2 emerges as a key regulator in cellular processes associated with membrane trafficking and vesicular transport. NECAP2 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived NECAP2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His, C-6*His labeled tag.
Stabilin-2 protein is a multifunctional phosphatidylserine and hyaluronic acid receptor that engulfs apoptotic cells and mediates hyaluronic acid endocytosis. As a systemic scavenger receptor, it binds various ligands and supports extracellular matrix turnover and body mobility. Stabilin-2 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived Stabilin-2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag.
Dopamine-d5 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Dopamine (hydrochloride). Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) plays several important roles in the brain and body . Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis .
(±)-Carbinoxamine-d6 is the deuterium labeled (±)-Carbinoxamine (HY-B1589) . (±)-Carbinoxamine is a blood-brain barrier-permeable histamine H1 receptor antagonist. (±)-Carbinoxamine blocks the action of histamine on H1 receptors, reducing symptoms such as sneezing, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, erythema, pruritus and urticaria. (±)-Carbinoxamine inhibits influenza virus entry into cells via endocytosis, targets the early stage of the viral life cycle, and simultaneously reduces viral replication levels in the lungs, alleviating pathological damage and inflammatory responses in lung tissues. (±)-Carbinoxamine can be used in research on allergic rhinitis, influenza, etc.
Tri-GalNAc-DBCO is a synthetic ligand composed of three GalNAc units connected to DBCO. Tri-GalNAc-DBCO can act as a ligand for the sialic acid-degrading protein receptor (ASGPR), and can be coupled with targeting proteins or small molecules to form GalNAc-LYTACs. Tri-GalNAc-DBCO specifically binds to ASGPR and, through receptor-mediated endocytosis, guides the coupled molecules to lysosomes for degradation .
DOTAP methylsulfat is a cationic lipid reagent, a cationic derivative of trimethylammonium, linked to two 18-carbon fatty acid tails, each with a single olefin group. DOTAP methylsulfat can self-assemble with negatively charged ions (such as DNA) to form complexes, which can be adsorbed to the cell membrane surface and enter the cell by electrostatic interaction and endocytosis, respectively. DOTAP methylsulfat promotes endosomal membrane fusion with its own hydrophobic domain, releases DNA into the cytoplasm, and exerts gene delivery function. DOTAP methylsulfat can be widely used in research fields such as gene therapy, cell transfection, and non-viral vector design .
Dextran 70,000 is a high molecular weight polysaccharide formed by glucose linked by α-(1→6) glycosidic bonds. Dextran 70,000 can expand blood volume through colloidal osmotic pressure effect and inhibit cell adhesion and platelet aggregation through steric hindrance. At the same time, Dextran 70,000 can be used as a drug carrier to achieve targeted delivery through endocytosis. Dextran 70,000 is biologically inert and has low immunogenicity. It can be used for clinical blood volume expansion, anti-thrombotic research, and evaluation of vascular permeability in in vitro experiments. It can also be combined with fluorescent dyes for cell tracking and drug delivery research. The Dextran series of compounds are also natural polysaccharide drug carriers that can be connected to drugs through covalent bonding methods such as ester bonds, amide bonds or click chemistry, or self-assembled to form carriers such as nanoparticles and hydrogels. Dextran is biodegradable and biocompatible, and can achieve targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Dextran derivatives can prolong the half-life of drugs, increase local concentrations, and reduce the activity of immune clearance.
Mipomersen sodium (ISIS 301012) is an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of apolipoprotein B (apoB). Mipomersen has anti-HCV effect and reduces the infectivity of the HCV. Mipomersen sodium can be used for the research of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) .
mPEG750-amine (mPEG750-NH2) is a chemical modification reagent for nanoparticles, capable of covalently binding to Ad-PVA to form Ad-PVA-PEG polymers. mPEG750-amine stabilizes gene delivery complexes by providing steric hindrance, reducing particle aggregation, while enhancing the water solubility and serum stability of the complex, reducing carrier cytotoxicity, and assisting in the efficient condensation of pDNA by cationic components to form nanoparticles that can be endocytosed by cells. mPEG750-amine can also be used to synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulating the anticancer agent Camptothecin (HY-16560). Folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers for poorly soluble anticancer drugs, capable of avoiding macrophages and acting through folate receptor (FR)-mediated endocytosis to target tumor cells. mPEG750-amine can be applied to research in the field of non-viral gene delivery, as a component of gene delivery vectors, facilitating the safe and efficient delivery of nucleic acid drugs to target cells .
DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 is a nanocarrier component composed of DSPE and the EGFR-targeting peptide (GE11). DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 specifically binds to EGFR and mediates receptor-mediated endocytosis of micellar drug carriers. DSPE-PEG2000-GE11 can be used for drug delivery .
LNP Lipid-8 (11-A-M) is an ionizable single-tail multi-head lipid that can be used as a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) to deliver siRNA to T cells without targeting ligands. LNP Lipid-8 is more selective for T cells than other cell types such as hepatocytes. LNP Lipid-8 selectively delivers siRNA/sgRNA to T cells (especially CD8+ T cells) through endogenous lipid transport pathways, and can enter cells and release RNA through endocytosis to achieve gene silencing. LNP Lipid-8 loaded with GFP siRNA (siGFP) significantly led to GFP gene silencing in mouse models. LNP Lipid-8 showed good efficacy and safety in both cells and animals, without obvious liver targeting and toxicity. LNP Lipid-8 can be used for RNA delivery research in the fields of tumor immunotherapy and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases .
DSPE-PEG3400 is a phospholipid-PEG polymer conjugate that can be used in drug delivery applications. DSPE-PEG3400 serves as a material for preparing nanocarriers, which is used to prolong blood circulation time, enhance stability and improve encapsulation efficiency .
mPEG4000-amine can be used to synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulating anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
mPEG350-amine can synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulation of anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
mPEG3400-amine can synthesize folate-conjugated polymer micelles for encapsulation of anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin (HY-16560). folate-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
PEG-bis-amine (MW 1000) synthesizes folate-conjugated polymeric micelles for encapsulation of the anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin HY-16560 (HY-16560). Folic acid-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
PEG4000-bis-amine synthesizes folate-conjugated polymeric micelles for encapsulation of the anticancer agent 9-nitrocamptothecin HY-16560 (HY-16560). Folic acid-conjugated polymer micelles are effective carriers of insoluble anticancer drugs, which can avoid macrophages and play a role in endocytosis of tumor cells mediated by folate receptors (FR).
N-Sterol is a sterol lipid that has been used to generate lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for delivery of mRNA in vitro and in vivo. N-Sterol LNPs are taken up in J774A.1 macrophages in a lipid composition-dependent manner via clathrin caveolae, caveolin-mediated endocytosis, micropinocytosis, or phagocytosis at different frequencies .
Paclitaxel liposome is a liposome-encapsulated form of Paclitaxel (HY-B0015). Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel liposome is characterized by reduced acute toxicity, prolonged circulating half-life of paclitaxel, and enhanced accumulation at tumor sites. Paclitaxel liposome can be used in research related to breast cancer and locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .
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Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
MedchemExpress Validation 03
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
MedchemExpress Validation 04
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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