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Pathways Recommended: Stem Cell/Wnt Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
Results for "

cell polarization

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

67

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5

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1

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7

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1

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23

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4

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2

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-D0080
    Laurdan
    Maximum Cited Publications
    23 Publications Verification

    		 Fluorescent Dye Others
    Laurdan is a membrane-permeable fluorescent probe that displays spectral sensitivity to the phospholipid phase of the cell membrane to which it is bound. Quantitation of generalized polarization (GP) of Laurdan can be used to identify phospholipid phase (Ex/Em = 370/440-490 nm).
    Laurdan
  • HY-101563
    GSK3326595
    Maximum Cited Publications
    31 Publications Verification

    EPZ015938

    		 Histone Methyltransferase SARS-CoV MDM-2/p53 CDK Apoptosis Infection Cancer
    GSK3326595 is a protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitor. GSK3326595 decreases SARS-CoV-2 infection, inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and increases hepatic triglyceride levels without affecting atherosclerosis. GSK3326595 can be used for research of relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma .
    GSK3326595
  • HY-N0171A
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
    15+ Cited Publications

    β-Sitosterol (purity>98%); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (purity>98%)

    		 Bacterial Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) MDM-2/p53 Caspase PARP MMP Bcl-2 Family HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related NF-κB mTOR Lactate Dehydrogenase CDK Glutathione Peroxidase SOD Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
  • HY-N0171
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
    20+ Cited Publications

    		 Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
  • HY-N6871
    Abietic acid
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Bacterial IKK Ferroptosis Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Abietic acid, an orally active diterpene isolated from Colophony, displays significant anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity effect, bacteriostatic, cell cycle arresting and pro-apoptotic activities. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy. Abietic acid enhances cell migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Abietic acid induces significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 expression. Abietic acid attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Abietic acid exhibits a positive effect against liver injury by attenuating inflammation and ferroptosis. Abietic acid shows accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous wounds. Abietic acid significantly reduces the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells by IKKβ inhibition.Additionally, Abietic acid ameliorates psoriasis-like inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in mice. Abietic acid is promising for research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver injury-related deseases and psoriasis .
    Abietic acid
  • HY-D0986
    TMA-DPH
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Fluorescent Dye Others
    TMA-DPH is a hydrophobic fluorescent membrane probe (Ex=355 nm; Em=430 nm). TMA-DPH is able to anchor on the cell surface and localize to different regions of the phospholipid bilayer. By analyzing the fluorescence polarization values of TMA-DPH in the plasma membrane and membrane substructures, the fluidity of the cell membrane can be determined .
    TMA-DPH
  • HY-Y0836
    Diethyl succinate
    3 Publications Verification

    Diethyl Butanedioate

    		 Environmental Pollutants Biochemical Assay Reagents Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Diethyl succinate (Diethyl Butanedioate) can be utilized at physiological pH, allowing it to penetrate biological membranes and integrate into the cells of tissue cultures, where it is metabolized via the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Diethyl succinate modulates the polarization and activation of microglial cells by reducing mitochondrial fission and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby exerting an inflammatory protective effect in primary microglial cells. Furthermore, Diethyl succinate is non-toxic and can be used in flavorings and seasonings .
    Diethyl succinate
  • HY-143712
    Allolithocholic acid
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Drug Metabolite G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1 ROR Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease .
    Allolithocholic acid
  • HY-125859A
    Myeloperoxidase, human white blood cells
    1 Publications Verification

    MPO

    		 Bacterial Inflammation/Immunology
    Myeloperoxidase, human white blood cells (MPO) is a peroxidase. In Myeloperoxidase, human white blood cells mediate oxidative stress by promoting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and active nitrogen (RNS), regulating the polarization and inflammation-related signaling pathways of microglia and neutrophils. Myeloperoxidase, human white blood cells has antibacterial activity .
    Myeloperoxidase, human white blood cells
  • HY-N16308
    ER-Laurdan

    		Fluorescent Dye Others
    ER-Laurdan is a derivative of the membrane-permeable fluorescent probe Laurdan (HY-D0080) that targets the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). As a membrane fluidity reporter, ER-Laurdan specifically localizes to the ER luminal membrane, and exhibits a prominent solvatochromic response to fluidity changes caused by membrane packing and exogenous saturated fatty acid stress. ER-Laurdan shows no overlapping localization with mitochondria, enables quantitative analysis of ER membrane fluidity via generalized polarization ratio measurement, and allows automatic signal masking with the help of ER markers. With high specificity and quantitative capability, ER-Laurdan serves as an important tool for investigating metabolic disorders and associated changes in the physical properties of cell membranes .
    ER-Laurdan
  • HY-151527
    PI3K/Akt/CREB activator 1
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Akt PI3K Epigenetic Reader Domain Neurological Disease
    PI3K/Akt/CREB activator 1 (compound AE-18) is a potent, orally active PI3K/Akt/CREB activator. PI3K/Akt/CREB activator 1 promotes neuronal proliferation, induced differentiation of Neuro-2a cells into a neuron-like morphology, and accelerated the establishment of axon-dendrite polarization of primary hippocampal neurons through upregulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor via the PI3K/Akt/CREB pathway. PI3K/Akt/CREB activator 1 can be used in research of vascular dementia (VaD) .
    PI3K/Akt/CREB activator 1
  • HY-DY1057
    TMA-DPH (solution)

    		Fluorescent Dye Others
    TMA-DPH (solution) is a hydrophobic fluorescent membrane probe (Ex=355 nm; Em=430 nm). TMA-DPH is able to anchor on the cell surface and localize to different regions of the phospholipid bilayer. By analyzing the fluorescence polarization values of TMA-DPH in the plasma membrane and membrane substructures, the fluidity of the cell membrane can be determined .
    Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
    TMA-DPH (solution)
  • HY-N6028
    Darutoside
    1 Publications Verification

    		 COX NF-κB Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Inflammation/Immunology
    Darutoside is an orally effective diterpene compound with significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, wound healing promotion, and immunomodulatory activities. Darutoside reduces edema and pain responses by inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and the migration of inflammatory cells. It regulates macrophage polarization towards the M2 type by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, alleviating inflammation and promoting wound healing. Through multi-target regulation of metabolic networks, Darutoside significantly alleviates acute gouty arthritis .
    Darutoside
  • HY-N3415
    Kumatakenin
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Apoptosis Autophagy Caspase Ferroptosis SARS-CoV Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Kumatakenin is an orally active apoptosis inducer and autophagy inhibitor, with a Kd value of 2.94 μM for mouse ATG5. Kumatakenin increases the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, thereby inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Kumatakenin reduces the expression of chemokines and pro-oncogenic factors in ovarian cancer cells, and inhibits M2 macrophage polarization. Kumatakenin inactivates TRIM65 function, reduces the expression and stability of FASN, and thus inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor progression of esophageal cancer cells. Kumatakenin interacts with ATG5 to reduce its protein level, decrease LC3 level, and reduce the number of autophagosomes in the hippocampus. Kumatakenin binds to Eno3 to upregulate its expression, reduce the stability and expression level of IRP1 mRNA, inhibit ferroptosis, alleviate intestinal inflammation, and restore epithelial barrier function. Kumatakenin enhances the efficacy of antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication, and reduces cytokine production. Kumatakenin is applicable to research related to ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, depression and colitis .
    Kumatakenin
  • HY-N0171R
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
    5+ Cited Publications

    β-Sitosterol (Standard); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (Standard))

    		 Reference Standards Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Beta-Sitosterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
  • HY-B1076
    Medrysone
    1 Publications Verification

    HMS; 6α-Methyl-11β-hydroxyprogesterone

    		 VEGFR CCR STAT Neurological Disease
    Medrysone (HMS; 6α-Methyl-11β-hydroxyprogesterone) is a STAT6 modulator and M2 macrophage polarization inducer. Medrysone enhances IL-4-triggered STAT6 activation, upregulates the expression of M2 markers, and promotes the secretion of VEGF and CCL2. Medrysone also enhances the pro-migratory activity of M2-like macrophages toward endothelial cells. By regulating macrophage polarization and related repair pathways, Medrysone significantly promotes corneal wound repair in a rat mechanical injury model. Medrysone can be used for research related to corneal injury .
    Medrysone
  • HY-DY1025
    Laurdan (solution)

    		Fluorescent Dye Others
    Laurdan (solution) is a membrane-permeable fluorescent probe that displays spectral sensitivity to the phospholipid phase of the cell membrane to which it is bound. Quantitation of generalized polarization (GP) of Laurdan can be used to identify phospholipid phase.
    Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
    Laurdan (solution)
  • HY-N0600
    Ginsenoside F3

    		Interleukin Related IFNAR NF-κB Inflammation/Immunology
    Ginsenoside F3 is a saponin extracted from the leaves of Panax ginseng with immunoenhancing and antitumor immunostimulatory activities. Ginsenoside F3 upregulates RIPOR2 with a Kd value of 3.77 μM. Ginsenoside F3 enhances NF‑κB activation, upregulates T‑bet and downregulates GATA‑3, increases the production of IL‑2 and IFN‑γ, decreases the production of IL‑4 and IL‑10, reverses CD8⁺ T‑cell exhaustion, restores cytokine secretion, and enhances antitumor immunity in a mouse non‑small cell lung cancer model. Ginsenoside F3 can be used for the research of non-small cell lung cancer .
    Ginsenoside F3
  • HY-165613
    Pam2Cys

    Dipalmitoyl-S-glyceryl-cysteine; S-[2,3-Bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl]cysteine

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Influenza Virus NF-κB Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Pam2Cys (Dipalmitoyl-S-glyceryl-cysteine; S-[2,3-Bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl]cysteine) is a TLR2 agonist and immunostimulant. Pam2Cys binds to TLR2 to activate dendritic cells and trigger the TLR2-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway. Pam2Cys also induces dendritic cell maturation by upregulating the expression of cell surface MHC II molecules. Pam2Cys activates innate immune signaling pathways, drives pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial responses, enhances the expression of macrophage activation markers, increases phagocytic activity, induces the release of IL-12 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and polarizes macrophages into a pro-inflammatory, antimicrobial phenotype without interfering with IL-10-induced macrophage polarization. Pam2Cys also serves as the lipid moiety in synthetic lipopeptide vaccines and possesses self-adjuvant properties. Pam2Cys enhances the immunogenicity of conjugated peptide segments and induces cellular and humoral immune responses. However, it does not activate CD4 T cells in mouse splenocyte cultures when used alone. Pam2Cys activates pulmonary TLR2 signaling pathways, triggers innate immune responses, recruits neutrophils and macrophages, induces the secretion of various cytokines, alleviates symptoms and damages associated with influenza A virus infection in mice without impairing adaptive immunity. Pam2Cys can be used in studies related to tuberculosis and influenza A virus infection .
    Pam2Cys
  • HY-N2896
    Arjunolic acid

    		Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Fungal Bacterial NF-κB SOD AMPK mTOR Notch Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Wnt MyD88 Sirtuin Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Arjunolic acid is an orally active, multifunctional bioactive compound. Arjunolic acid exhibits free radical scavenging activity, as well as fungal and bacterial activities. Arjunolic acid induces apoptosis (Apoptosis) in various cancer cells. Arjunolic acid protects hepatocytes against induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by reducing reactive oxygen species and inhibiting NF-κB activation. Arjunolic acid regulates pancreatic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats by blocking the activation of the TLR-4/MyD88 and canonical Wnt pathways. Arjunolic acid inhibits neuroinflammation and ameliorates depressive behaviors via the SIRT1/AMPK/Notch1 signaling pathway in microglia. Arjunolic acid improves Crohn's disease-like colitis by restoring gut microbiota composition and inhibiting TLR4 signaling. Arjunolic acid suppresses osteosarcoma progression by inhibiting Wnt3a-mediated M2 polarization of macrophages. Arjunolic acid ameliorates diabetic retinopathy via the autophagy pathway regulated by AMPK/mTOR/HO-1. Arjunolic acid is applicable to research related to type 2 diabetes, organ toxicity, depression, Crohn's disease, osteosarcoma, diabetic retinopathy, and testicular dysfunction .
    Arjunolic acid
  • HY-N2110
    Phellopterin

    		Akt Sirtuin Integrin STAT PI3K Apoptosis ERK PPAR PKC Toll-like Receptor (TLR) HIV Inflammation/Immunology
    Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus .
    Phellopterin
  • HY-W142432
    Perfluoroundecanoic acid

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents β-catenin Wnt Arginase TGF-beta/Smad mTOR Akt ERK Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Perfluoroundecanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is an orally active oxidative stress inducer. Perfluoroundecanoic acid promotes macrophage M2 polarization, activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhances β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Perfluoroundecanoic acid -induced M2 phenotype macrophage accelerates tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Perfluoroundecanoic acid induces DNA damage, reproductive and pathophysiological dysfunctions via oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Perfluoroundecanoic acid inhibits Leydig cell development in pubertal male rats via inducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Perfluoroundecanoic acid accelerates insulitis development in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Perfluoroundecanoic acid can be used for the study of ovarian cancer, type 1 diabetes and inflammation .
    Perfluoroundecanoic acid
  • HY-P6292
    KS-133

    		PACAP Receptor PKA ERK PI3K Akt GSK-3 Neurological Disease Cancer
    KS-133 is a bicyclic peptide with VIPR2 antagonistic activity that can cross the blood-brain barrier. KS-133 selectively blocks VIPR2-mediated Gq/Ca, Gs/cAMP, cAMP/PKA/ERK and PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathways. KS-133 inhibits VIPR2 agonist-induced CREB phosphorylation in the prefrontal cortex of mice. KS-133 shifts the polarization direction of macrophages toward M1. KS-133 attenuates cancer cell proliferation and reduces the cell cycle distribution level at the S-M phase. KS-133 exerts antitumor effects in a mouse model of colorectal cancer. KS-133 reverses cognitive decline in mouse models of psychiatric disorders. KS-133 can be used for research related to schizophrenia, colorectal cancer and breast cancer .
    KS-133
  • HY-N0566
    23-Hydroxybetulinic acid

    Anemosapogenin

    		 Apoptosis Autophagy Bcl-2 Family Caspase Survivin p38 MAPK MMP Cancer
    23-Hydroxybetulinic acid (Anemosapogenin) is an orally active triterpenoid with broad-spectrum anticancer activity. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid reduces the levels of Bcl-2 and survivin, elevates the level of Bax, promotes the cleavage/activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and induces apoptosis via the endogenous mitochondrial pathway involving cytochrome C release and mitochondrial membrane potential disruption. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid arrests the cell cycle at S and G1 phases, inhibits cancer cell proliferation, blocks the MAPK signaling pathway, regulates MMP2, and induces autophagic apoptosis by upregulating beclin-1. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid inhibits the activity and efflux function of P-gp, increases the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs, and synergistically enhances cytotoxicity with Doxorubicin (HY-15142). 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid inhibits the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT6, blocks M2 macrophage polarization, and reduces M2 macrophage-mediated apoptosis resistance of colon cancer cells. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid can be used in related studies on chronic myeloid leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, sarcoma 180, multidrug-resistant breast cancer, leukemia, Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and colorectal cancer .
    23-Hydroxybetulinic acid
  • HY-D1056F
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4

    Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Inflammation/Immunology
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 (Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) is a biotin-conjugated Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HY-D1056A1) that can be coupled with streptavidin protein. Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 can be used to identify Lipopolysaccharide ligands. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O111:B4) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 activate TLR-4 in immune cells and can cause significant gastric diseases. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 can also induce M1-type polarization in mouse macrophages .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4
  • HY-133705
    Geldanamycin-FITC
    1 Publications Verification

    		 HSP Others
    Geldanamycin-FITC, a Geldanamycin fluorescent probe, can be used in a fluorescence polarization assay for HSP90 inhibitors. Geldanamycin-FITC also can be used for detection of cell surface HSP90 (Ex/Em = 488/515 nm) .
    Geldanamycin-FITC
  • HY-P4846
    Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH
    2 Publications Verification

    		 CXCR Apoptosis IFNAR TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is an endogenous degradation product of extracellular collagen and acts as a CXCR2 agonist . Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH exerts bactericidal activity by generating hydrogen peroxide, inhibits pulmonary inflammation, and reduces immune cell apoptosis (apoptosis). Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH promotes the production of IFN-γ and inhibits the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in leukocytes. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH increases the survival rate of mice in sepsis models, enhances the bactericidal activity of neutrophils, acts as a neutrophil chemoattractant, induces neutrophil polarization, and regulates inflammatory and repair processes. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH induces chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling through sustained action. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is released via alkaline hydrolysis of corneal proteins in alkali-injured eyes, thereby driving the early infiltration of neutrophils into the cornea. Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is applicable to research related to sepsis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, severe asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and corneal ulcer .
    Ac-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH
  • HY-N8559
    Aloesone

    		Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Inflammation/Immunology
    Aloesone is a phenolic compound. Aloesone can inhibit the production of ROS, the release of NO, M1 polarization, and apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS (HY-D1056). Aloesone has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities .
    Aloesone
  • HY-161982
    JNU-0921

    		TNF Receptor Cancer
    JNU-0921 is a potent and orally active CD137 agonist. JNU-0921 increases the mRNA expression of IFN-γ and GZMB. JNU-0921 induces luciferase activity with an EC50 value of 64.07 nM.JNU-0921 enhances effector and memory function of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells (CTLs) and alleviates their exhaustion. JNU-0921 also skews polarization of helper T cells toward T helper 1 type and enhances their activity to boost CTL function. JNU-0921 shows anticancer activity .
    JNU-0921
  • HY-N10116A
    Calamenene

    		Interleukin Related IFNAR Calcium Channel Bacterial CCR Infection Cancer
    Calamenene is a sesquiterpene compound . Calamenene promotes dendritic cell maturation, upregulates CD1a, CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and CCR7 on the cell surface, reduces endocytic activity, enhances T cell-stimulating capacity, drives Th1 polarization through the secretion of IL-12, induces IFN-γ production, decreases IL-4 generation, and triggers intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization as well as dendritic cell migration towards MIP-3β. Calamenene exerts bacteriostatic and bactericidal growth-inhibitory effects against pathogenic *Vibrio harveyi*. Calamenene can be used in studies related to cancer and bacterial infections .
    Calamenene
  • HY-N12378
    β-Patchoulene

    		NF-κB Toll-like Receptor (TLR) PKA Epigenetic Reader Domain Keap1-Nrf2 Sirtuin AMPK Caspase FASTK ERK ROCK Apoptosis Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    β-Patchoulene is an orally active anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic agent. β-Patchoulene inhibits the NF-κB, TLR4, and cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathways; activates the Sirt1/Nrf2 and AMPK signaling pathways; and targets Fas/FasL, Caspase-3, ERK1/2, ROCK1/MLC2 for inhibition. β-Patchoulene regulates cytokine secretion, inflammatory cell infiltration, lipid peroxidation, cell polarization, gut microbiota, and lipid metabolism, restores barrier function, mitochondrial function, and cell viability, and exhibits repellent activity against Spodoptera exigua larvae. β-Patchoulene can be used in research related to various inflammatory, ischemic, fibrosis-associated diseases, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma .
    β-Patchoulene
  • HY-N13239
    Dandelion Extract

    		Apoptosis Inflammation/Immunology
    Dandelion Extract is a dandelion extract, and its ingredients include: Flavone. Dandelion Extract can reduce LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells by regulating cell polarization and apoptosis. Dandelion Extract can also reduce CuSO4-induced inflammatory response in zebrafish larvae. .
    Dandelion Extract
  • HY-155848
    LYP-IN-4

    		Phosphatase Cancer
    LYP-IN-4 (compound D14) is a reversible and selective inhibitor of lymphotyrosine phosphatase (LYP) (Ki=1.34 μM, IC50=3.52μM). LYP-IN-4 inhibits LYP to regulate TCR signaling, up-regulates PD-1/PD-L1 expression, and enhance anti-tumor immunity. LYP-IN-4 activates T cells and inhibits M2 macrophage polarization, inhibits tumor growth in MC38 isogenic mouse models.
    LYP-IN-4
  • HY-175876
    ADAM17-IN-1

    		MMP Interleukin Related Inflammation/Immunology
    ADAM17-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor of ADAM17. ADAM17-IN-1 inhibits ADAM17 activity to reduce metabolic activity of dendritic cells (DCs), impair DC antigen-presenting function, suppress allergen-specific Th2 cell polarization, and reduce Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) secretion. ADAM17-IN-1 demonstrates protective efficacy against house dust mite (HDM)-induced type 2/eosinophilic airway inflammation in mice. ADAM17-IN-1 can be used for the study of type 2-high allergic asthma .
    ADAM17-IN-1
  • HY-145491
    Resolvin D5

    		ERK NF-κB CCR Inflammation/Immunology
    Resolvin D5 is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent produced in M2 macrophages. Resolvin D5 alleviates Paclitaxel (HY-B0015)-induced mechanical allodynia and inflammatory pain by activating the GPR32 receptor, with gender specificity (effective only in male mice) and independence from TRPV1 or TRPA1 channels. Resolvin D5 attenuates LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation, downregulates proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and CCL5, inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and osteoclastogenesis, promotes regulatory T cell differentiation, and shows no cytotoxicity to human monocytes. The level of Resolvin D5 is elevated in arthritic SKG mice, but Resolvin D5 has no effect on dendritic cell differentiation or M1 macrophage polarization, nor does it prevent ZyA-induced arthritis progression. Resolvin D5 is suitable for research related to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, inflammatory pain and rheumatoid arthritis .
    Resolvin D5
  • HY-104026B
    L-Kynurenine sulfate

    		Endogenous Metabolite Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inflammation/Immunology
    L-Kynurenine sulfate, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist that activates AHR-directed, naive T cell polarization to the anti-inflammatory Treg phenotype .
    L-Kynurenine sulfate
  • HY-P10897
    SjDX5-271

    		Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    SjDX5-271 is a small 3 kDa peptide. SjDX5-271 inhibits the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. SjDX5-271 induces cell polarization. SjDX5-271 alleviats hepatic inflammation. SjDX5-271 protects mice against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury .
    SjDX5-271
  • HY-175250
    TNF-α-IN-25

    		TNF Receptor Inflammation/Immunology
    TNF-α-IN-25 is an orally active TNF-α inhibitor. TNF-α-IN-25 shows Fluorescence Polarization (FP) assay IC50 of 103 nM in FP binding assays and L929 assay IC50 of 505 nM in cell-based assays. TNF-α-IN-25 inhibits paw swelling in the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) arthritis model. TNF-α-IN-25 can be used for the study of arthritis .
    TNF-α-IN-25
  • HY-179047
    SMU-L11-R

    		Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 IKK p38 MAPK ERK TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    SMU-L11-R is a selective TLR7 agonist with an EC50 of 0.012 μM for human TLR7. SMU-L11-R specifically activates TLR7, recruits  MyD88, and triggers MAPK/NF-κB pathways, leading to TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-6 secretion in both mouse and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. SMU-L11-R promotes M1-like macrophage polarization. SMU-L11-R exhibits excellent synergistic anti-tumor effects with PD-L1 inhibitors by upregulating CD8 +T cells. SMU-L11-R shows potential in colorectal cancer studies .
    SMU-L11-R
  • HY-104026CS
    L-Kynurenine-13C10 sulfate hemihydrate

    		Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite Inflammation/Immunology
    L-Kynurenine- 13C10 (sulfate hemihydrate) is the 13C labeled L-Kynurenine sulfate. L-Kynurenine sulfate hemihydrate, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist that activates AHR-directed, naive T cell polarization to the anti-inflammatory Treg phenotype .
    L-Kynurenine-13C10 sulfate hemihydrate
  • HY-104026BS
    L-Kynurenine-13C10 sulfate

    		Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite Inflammation/Immunology
    L-Kynurenine-13C10 (sulfate) is the 13C labeled L-Kynurenine sulfate. L-Kynurenine sulfate, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist that activates AHR-directed, naive T cell polarization to the anti-inflammatory Treg phenotype .
    L-Kynurenine-13C10 sulfate
  • HY-143712S1
    Allolithocholic Acid-d4

    3α-hydoxy-5α-Cholaoic Acid-d4, allo-LCA-d4

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Drug Metabolite G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1 ROR Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Allolithocholic Acid-d4 (3α-hydoxy-5α-Cholaoic Acid-d4, allo-LCA-d4) is deuterium labeled Allolithocholic acid (HY-143712). Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC50 = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease .
    Allolithocholic Acid-d4
  • HY-P10947
    MACTIDE-V

    		Epigenetic Reader Domain YAP Cancer
    MACTIDE-V is an orally active and selective peptide-drug conjugate targeting CD206. MACTIDE-V delivers Verteporfin (HY-B0146) to CD206 + tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to inhibit the YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, prompting YAP exclusion from the nucleus, inducing TAM polarization toward an anti-tumoral phenotype with enhanced phagocytosis and antigen presentation, and boosting T cell infiltration and NK cell activity. MACTIDE-V suppresses primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse models .
    MACTIDE-V
  • HY-168954
    CSF1R-IN-26

    		c-Fms Apoptosis Akt ERK STAT Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    CSF1R-IN-26 (Compound III-1) is the inhibitor for CSF-1R with an IC50 of 20.07 nM. CSF1R-IN-26 promotes the polarization of M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages, thereby inducing apoptosis in MC-38 cancer cell. CSF1R-IN-26 inhibits the activation of AKT/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. CSF1R-IN-26 reconstructs the tumor immune microenvironment and exhibits antitumor activity in mouse models. CSF1R-IN-26 exhibits pharmacokinetics characteristics in SD rats with a half-life 1.86 hours, and an oral bioavailability of 79.22% .
    CSF1R-IN-26
  • HY-N2110R
    Phellopterin (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Akt Sirtuin Integrin STAT PI3K Apoptosis ERK PPAR PKC Toll-like Receptor (TLR) HIV Infection Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Phellopterin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phellopterin. Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus.
    Phellopterin (Standard)
  • HY-P10897A
    SjDX5-271v

    		Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    SjDX5-271v is a negative control of SjDX5-271 (HY-P10897). SjDX5-271 is a small 3 kDa peptide. SjDX5-271 inhibits the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. SjDX5-271 induces cell polarization. SjDX5-271 alleviats hepatic inflammation. SjDX5-271 protects mice against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury .
    SjDX5-271v
  • HY-155762
    Anti-neuroinflammation agent 1

    		NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Interleukin Related Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Anti-neuroinflammation agent 1 is a potent anti-neuroinflammation agent that regulates polarization BV2 microglia cells from M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype .
    Anti-neuroinflammation agent 1
  • HY-162453
    Anticancer agent 204

    		Apoptosis MMP Cancer
    Anticancer agent 204 (Compound 6), a cinnamide fluorinated derivative, possesses anticancer activity. Anticancer agent 204 can arrest the cell cycle of HepG2 cells in the G1 phase and induce apoptosis by reducing the level of mitochondrial membrane polarization (MMP) .
    Anticancer agent 204
  • HY-P1052A
    Myelin Basic Protein(87-99) TFA

    		PKC Inflammation/Immunology
    Myelin Basic Protein(87-99) TFA is an encephalitogenic peptide that induces basic protein-specific T cell proliferation. Myelin Basic Protein(87-99) TFA causes a Th1 polarization in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with is implicated of multiple sclerosis (MS) .
    Myelin Basic Protein(87-99) TFA
  • HY-161778
    ZG-126

    		HDAC VD/VDR Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    ZG-126 is an agonist for vitamin D receptor (VDR) and an inhibitor for histone deacetylase (HDAC) (IC50=0.63-67.6 μM). ZG-126 exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and 4T1. ZG-126 exhibits antitumor and anti-metastatic efficacy against melanoma and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in mouse models. ZG-126 also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, through the reduction of macrophage infiltration and immunosuppressive M2-polarization .
    ZG-126

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