Vepafestinib
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Vepafestinib (TAS0953/HM06) is a next-generation brain-penetrant, selective and orally active RET inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.33 nM. Vepafestinib inhibits the phosphorylation of RET and its downstream signaling pathways, thus blocking the growth and signal transduction of tumor cells and inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Vepafestinib can be used in the research of various RET-driven cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer, thyroid cancer and other disease areas.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 98.61%
- CAS No.: 2129515-96-2
- Formula: C26H30N6O3
- Molecular Weight:474.55
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Vepafestinib (0.01-10000 nM; 96 h) inhibits growth of all tumor cell lines[1].
Vepafestinib (5-500 nM; 2 h) inhibits cell growth and blocks the phosphorylation of RET and ERK in Ba/F3 cells expressing KIF5B-RET or its mutants[1].
Vepafestinib (100 nM; 6-24 h) inhibits the phosphorylation of RET, AKT, S6, ERK1 and ERK2 in LUAD-0002AS1 cells. And ownregulates the cell cycle regulator cyclin D1, induces the expression of apoptosis markers.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:LUAD-0002AS1, TT, ECLC5B cells
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Concentration:0.01 nM, 0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM, 10000 nM
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Incubation Time:96 h
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Result:Inhibited growth of all tumor cell lines.
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Cell Line:Ba/F3 cells expressing KIF5B-RET or mutants
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Concentration:5 nM, 50 nM and 500 nM
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Incubation Time:2 h
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Result:Inhibited the growth of Ba/F3 cells expressing KIF5B-RET or mutants.
Blocked the phosphorylation of RET and ERK, with near-complete inhibition of phosphorylation of RETG810R, RETG810S and RETG810C at 100 nM.
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Cell Line:LUAD-0002AS1 cells
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Concentration:100 nM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Downregulated the cell cycle regulator cyclin D1, increased the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27, and downregulated p21.
Induced the expression of apoptosis markers such as cleaved PARP (c-PARP), BIM and PUMA.
In Vivo
Vepafestinib (10-50 mg/kg; oral administration; twice daily; continuous administration) effectively inhibits tumor growth without affecting animal body weight in mouse models of Ba/F3 KIF5B-RETWT or Ba/F3 KIF5B-RETG810R allograft tumors[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female athymic nude mice (6-8 weeks old), implanted subcutaneously with NIH-3T3 cells expressing CCDC6-RET fusion complementary DNA[1].
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Dosage:12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage, once or twice daily, for 7 days
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Result:Resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the growth of NIH-3T3-RET xenograft tumors. All dosages tested significantly reduced tumor volume, and there was no statistically significant reduction in animal weight.
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Animal Model:Female NOD-SCID gamma (NSG) mice (6-8 weeks old), implanted subcutaneously with ECLC5B xenograft tumors[1]
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Dosage:25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage, once or twice daily, for 35 days
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Result:Significantly reduced ECLC5B xenograft tumor growth, and there was no significant reduction in animal weight.
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Animal Model:Female NSG mice (6-8 weeks old), implanted subcutaneously with LUAD-0057AS1 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors[1]
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Dosage:50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage, once or twice daily, for 21 days
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Result:Significantly reduced the volume of LUAD-0057AS1 PDX tumors, and there was no significant reduction in animal weight.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 2129515-96-2
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 474.55
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Formula C26H30N6O3
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Color Light yellow to yellow
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SMILES
O=C(C1=C(C#CCN2CCOCC2)N(C3(C)CC3)C4=NC=NC(N)=C41)NC5=CC=C(COC)C=C5
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Synonyms
TAS0953/HM06
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (105.36 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1 mg/mL (2.11 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (10.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Kinase activity and phosphorylation assays
Kinase activity assays measure the ability of kinases to transfer phosphate groups from ATP to specific substrates, while phosphorylation assays detect the presence and levels of phosphorylated proteins. Common methods include radiolabeled ATP incorporation (e. g. ,), ADP release detection via bioluminescence (e. g. ,[3]), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for phospho-specific epitopes (e. g. ,[6]), and microtiter-based formats for high-throughput screening (e. g. ,[8]). The ADP-Glo assay quantifies kinase activity by measuring ADP produced during phosphorylation using a luciferase-based system. Radiometric assays involve autoradiography or scintillation counting after incorporation of 32P-labeled ATP into substrate proteins. ELISA-based approaches rely on phospho-specific antibodies to detect activated kinases in cell lysates or purified samples.
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Western Blot
Western blotting (WB) is a commonly used experimental method in molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunogenetics for identifying and quantifying target proteins. It combines gel electrophoresis with immunoassay, enabling researchers to analyze protein expression, post-translational modifications, and molecular weight.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining
Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining measures the fluorescence intensity of DNA-bound fluorochromes in single cells or nuclei to estimate DNA content distributions, allowing assignment of populations to G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases by DNA histogram deconvolution. Propidium iodide (PI) intercalates into DNA, and PI fluorescence is proportional to cellular DNA content when staining is performed under conditions that make DNA accessible and minimize non-DNA signal. Cells with G2/M DNA content are expected to show approximately twice the fluorescence intensity of G0/G1 cells, while S-phase cells occupy intermediate fluorescence values. PI-based DNA-content analysis can also detect cells with fractional DNA content, often reported as sub-G1, when DNA fragmentation and extraction during staining reduce retained DNA signal in apoptotic cells. DAPI is an alternative DNA fluorochrome for univariate DNA-content analysis, while bivariate approaches combining DNA content with proliferation
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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BrdU Incorporation Assay
Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay is based on the principle that BrdU, a thymidine analog, is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby serving as a marker of DNA replication and cellular proliferation. Incorporated BrdU can be detected using anti-BrdU antibodies following DNA denaturation, enabling visualization or quantification of proliferating cells through immunochemical detection methods such as immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry.
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Research Protocol for Endocrine Diseases
Endocrine diseases often arise from disrupted hormone production, hormone signaling, or target-tissue responsiveness; for diabetes-focused endocrine disease models, insulin signaling regulates glucose uptake, hepatic glucose output, lipid metabolism, and β-cell compensation. Type 2 diabetes develops through interacting defects in insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, adipose inflammation, hepatic glucose overproduction, altered incretin signaling, and ectopic lipid metabolism. A major unresolved question is whether endocrine dysfunction is driven primarily by target-tissue insulin resistance, intrinsic β-cell failure, immune/inflammatory stress, or combined multi-organ failure that differs by disease stage.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Protocol for Cell Cycle
Cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry measures DNA content in single cells to estimate the fraction of cells in G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases. Propidium iodide intercalates into DNA, and after RNA removal with RNase, fluorescence intensity reflects cellular DNA content: 2N cells are assigned to G0/G1, cells between 2N and 4N to S phase, and 4N cells to G2/M. DNA-content analysis alone cannot reliably separate G0 from G1 or G2 from M. Ki-67 can distinguish quiescent G0 cells from cycling cells, EdU or BrdU incorporation marks active DNA synthesis in S phase, and phospho-histone H3 staining identifies mitotic cells within the 4N population.
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Protocol for Kinase activity and phosphorylation assays
Kinase activity assays measure transfer of phosphate from ATP to a protein or peptide substrate, generating phosphorylated substrate, ADP, or incorporated radiolabeled phosphate as the readout; phosphorylation assays measure site-specific phosphorylation in cells or tissues as a proxy for kinase-pathway activation, inhibition, or substrate regulation. Phosphorylation can be detected by phospho-specific Western blot, immunoprecipitation kinase assay, phospho-immunofluorescence, phospho-flow cytometry, luminescent ADP detection, radiolabeled ATP incorporation, or reporter-based pathway assays, and these readouts can be applied to cancer cells, primary neurons, mouse tumors, organoids, inflammatory macrophages, ferroptosis studies, and mitophagy studies when the kinase target is biologically relevant.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (283 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Miyazaki I, et al. Vepafestinib is a pharmacologically advanced RET-selective inhibitor with high CNS penetration and inhibitory activity against RET solvent front mutations. Nat Cancer. 2023 Sep;4(9):1345-1361. doi: 10.1038/s43018-023-00630-y. Epub 2023 Sep 21. Erratum in: Nat Cancer. 2023 Oct;4(10):1526. [Content Brief]
[2]. Vepafestinib: a RET-selective inhibitor with enhanced CNS penetrance targets therapy-resistant mutants. Nat Cancer. 2023 Sep;4(9):1220-1221. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.1073 mL | 10.5363 mL | 21.0726 mL | 52.6815 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4215 mL | 2.1073 mL | 4.2145 mL | 10.5363 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2107 mL | 1.0536 mL | 2.1073 mL | 5.2681 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1405 mL | 0.7024 mL | 1.4048 mL | 3.5121 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1054 mL | 0.5268 mL | 1.0536 mL | 2.6341 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0843 mL | 0.4215 mL | 0.8429 mL | 2.1073 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0702 mL | 0.3512 mL | 0.7024 mL | 1.7560 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0527 mL | 0.2634 mL | 0.5268 mL | 1.3170 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0421 mL | 0.2107 mL | 0.4215 mL | 1.0536 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0351 mL | 0.1756 mL | 0.3512 mL | 0.8780 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0263 mL | 0.1317 mL | 0.2634 mL | 0.6585 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0211 mL | 0.1054 mL | 0.2107 mL | 0.5268 mL |
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