Glucosamine
Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Glucosamine (D-Glucosamine) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids, is used as a dietary supplement. Glucosamine also is a natural constituent of glycosaminoglycans in the cartilage matrix and synovial fluid, which when administered exogenously, exerts pharmacological effects on osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.0%
- CAS No.: 3416-24-8
- Formula: C6H13NO5
- Molecular Weight:179.17
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Glucosamine
More- Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
- Mil Med Res. 2025 Jul 28;12(1):39. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2021 Mar 24;11(12):5650-5674. [Abstract]
- Microbiome. 2019 Mar 20;7(1):43. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Sep 10;44(9):116249. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Oct 18;143(Pt 2):113427. [Abstract]
- Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2026 Dec;54(1):248-275. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2025 Jun 1;328(6):G746-G759. [Abstract]
- Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2025 Jul 29:18:2573-2584. [Abstract]
- Biocell. 2025 Sep 25;49(9):1711-1731.
- bioRxiv. 2026 Jan 26.
- Laurea Magistrale in Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano. 2019 Jun.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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WB
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Glucosamine (D-Glucosamine) exhibits dose-dependent DPPH antioxidant activity[2].
Glucosamine treatment of Short-term (4 h) inhibits HIF-1α at the protein level, decreases phosphorylation of p70S6K and S6, translation-related proteins[3].
Glucosamine significantly decreases renal expression of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, and fibronectin in the obstructed kidneys and TGF-β1-treated renal cells[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 3416-24-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 179.17
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Formula C6H13NO5
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C[C@H](N)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)O
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Synonyms
D-Glucosamine; Chitosamine
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (12)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227 -
Mil Med Res
Accelerating cartilage regeneration with DNA-SF hydrogel sustained release system-based cartilage organoids. [Abstract]2025 Jul 28;12(1):39. PMID: 40722047 -
Theranostics
Endogenous glutamate determines ferroptosis sensitivity via ADCY10-dependent YAP suppression in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2021 Mar 24;11(12):5650-5674. PMID: 33897873
Glucosamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2021 Mar 24;11(12):5650-5674. [Abstract]
LUAD cells were treated with erastin with or without Fer-1 or DFO, in the presence or absence of GlcN (5 mM). Cell death was measured after treatment for 24 h.
Glucosamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2021 Mar 24;11(12):5650-5674. [Abstract]
LUAD cells were treated with erastin with or without Fer-1 or DFO, in the presence or absence of GlcN (5 mM). MDA was measured after treatment for 16 h.
Glucosamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2021 Mar 24;11(12):5650-5674. [Abstract]
Metabolites downstream of GFPT1 restore YAP alteration by erastin. p-YAPS127, O-YAPT241 and YAP were measured by IB in H1975 cells treated with or without erastin, glucose, GlcN (5 mM) or GlcNAc for 8 h.
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Microbiome
Species-specific enhancement of enterohemorrhagic E. coli pathogenesis mediated by microbiome metabolites. [Abstract]2019 Mar 20;7(1):43. PMID: 30890187 -
Cell Rep
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway drives tumor immune evasion via translational control of PD-L1 at the elongation level. [Abstract]2025 Sep 10;44(9):116249. PMID: 40938752 -
Int Immunopharmacol
2024 Oct 18;143(Pt 2):113427. PMID: 39426230 -
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol
Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/PVA hydrogels and the chondroprotective influence of hydroxytyrosol: an In vitro study. [Abstract]2026 Dec;54(1):248-275. PMID: 42331338 -
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
Glucose metabolism through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway drives hepatic de novo lipogenesis via promoting N-linked protein glycosylation. [Abstract]2025 Jun 1;328(6):G746-G759. PMID: 40331866 -
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
2025 Jul 29:18:2573-2584. PMID: 40755745 -
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Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 100 mg/mL (558.12 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
DMSO : 3.33 mg/mL (18.59 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 50 mg/mL (279.06 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Bruyère O, et al. Efficacy and safety of glucosamine sulfate in the management of osteoarthritis: Evidence from real-life setting trials and surveys. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016 Feb;45(4 Suppl):S12-7. [Content Brief]
[2]. Jamialahmadi K, et al. Protective effects of glucosamine hydrochloride against free radical-induced erythrocytes damage. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 Jul;38(1):212-9. [Content Brief]
[3]. Jo JR, et al. Short-term treatment with glucosamine hydrochloride specifically downregulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α at the protein level in YD-8 human tongue cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2014 May;44(5):1699-706. [Content Brief]
[4]. Park J, et al. Glucosamine hydrochloride exerts a protective effect against unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis by attenuating TGF-β signaling. J Mol Med (Berl). 2013 Nov;91(11):1273-84. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 5.5812 mL | 27.9061 mL | 55.8123 mL | 139.5307 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.1162 mL | 5.5812 mL | 11.1625 mL | 27.9061 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5581 mL | 2.7906 mL | 5.5812 mL | 13.9531 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3721 mL | 1.8604 mL | 3.7208 mL | 9.3020 mL | |
| H2O | 20 mM | 0.2791 mL | 1.3953 mL | 2.7906 mL | 6.9765 mL |
| 25 mM | 0.2232 mL | 1.1162 mL | 2.2325 mL | 5.5812 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1860 mL | 0.9302 mL | 1.8604 mL | 4.6510 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1395 mL | 0.6977 mL | 1.3953 mL | 3.4883 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1116 mL | 0.5581 mL | 1.1162 mL | 2.7906 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0930 mL | 0.4651 mL | 0.9302 mL | 2.3255 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0698 mL | 0.3488 mL | 0.6977 mL | 1.7441 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0558 mL | 0.2791 mL | 0.5581 mL | 1.3953 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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