Metabolic Disease

Metformin-¹³C₂ (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-¹³C₂) hydrochloride is the ¹³C-labeled Metformin hydrochloride (HY-17471A). Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride exerts central glucose-lowering effects by inhibiting Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) in SF1 hypothalamic neurons. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, Metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Octreotide-d₈ (SMS 201-995-d₈) TFA is the deuterium labeled Octreotide TFA. Octreotide (SMS 201-995) is a somatostatin receptor agonist and synthetic octapeptide endogenous somatostatin analogue. Octreotide (SMS 201-995) can bind to the somatostatin receptor and mainly subtypes 2, 3, and 5, increases Gi activity, and reduces intracellular cAMP production. Octreotide (SMS 201-995) has antitumor activity, mediates apoptosis and may also be used in disease studies in acromegaly.

Sucrose-¹³C₁₂ (D-(+)-Saccharose-¹³C₁₂) is the ¹³C-labeled Sucrose (HY-B1779). Sucrose (D-(+)-Saccharose) is a disaccharide which is composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. Sucrose can be applied in some animal models, including metabolic disease, obesity, diet on preference, and diabetes, et al.

L-770644 is an orally active, potent and selective agonist of the human β3 adrenergic receptor (EC₅₀ = 13 nM).

7-Acetylintermedine is a hepatotoxic botanical pyrrolizidine alkaloid.

Diethyl phthalate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diethyl phthalate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diethyl phthalate is an endocrine disruptor that has the activity of affecting the apoptosis system of PC12 cells. Diethyl phthalate is widely used in a variety of plastics and personal care products. Diethyl phthalate has shown the potential to induce male reproductive toxicity unrelated to androgens in animal experiments.

Decanoyl-L-carnitine-d₁₉ ((-)-Decanoylcarnitine-d₁₉> is the deuterium labeled Decanoyl-L-carnitine (HY-135035). Decanoyl-L-carnitine ((-)-Decanoylcarnitine) is an endogenous metabolite. Decanoyl-L-carnitine can be used as a serum metabolic biomarkers as indicators in the progression of intravenous leiomyomatosis.

Org 25935 is a potent and selective glycine transporter 1 protein (GlyT1) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 100 nM. Org 25935 can decrease ethanol (EtOH) intake and EtOH preference in rats, whereas water intake is unaffected. Org 25935 can be used for researching alcohol dependence or abuse.

C-telopeptide is a cross-linked peptide of type I collagen that is released during bone resorption and correlates with bone mineral density (BMD). C-telopeptide can be used in studies related to postmenopausal osteoporosis.

KAT681 is a liver-selective thyromimetic.

5α-reductase-IN-1 is an inhibitor of 5α-reductase, used for the research of patterned alopecia in combination with minoxidil.

Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp is a peptide consists of 5 Asp.

Speract, a sea urchin egg peptide that regulates sperm motility, also stimulates sperm mitochondrial metabolism.

Org30958 is a potent aromatase inhibitor in vivo.

Benzquinamide (P2647; BZQ; Benzoquinamide) is an orally active binder of dopamine receptors and adrenergic receptors. Benzquinamide specifically targets dopamine D2, D3, D4 receptors and α-2A, α-2B, α-2C adrenergic receptors. Benzquinamide regulates blood pressure and heart rate, attenuates the pressor effect of adrenaline, and exhibits activities such as antiemesis, anxiolysis, and reduction of histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. Benzquinamide has good safety and does not deplete serotonin or norepinephrine in the brain. Benzquinamide can be used in studies related to nausea/vomiting, mental disorders, anxiety states, neurosis, and psychosis.

Topterone is a topical antiandrogen.

R-(+)-Mono-desmethylsibutramine is the R enantiomer of Mono-desmethylsibutramine.

Compound 2 is an active compound used for the research of metabolic bone diseases.

Trecadrine is a β3-adrenergic agonist.

Xanthine oxidase-IN-1 is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor extracted from patent WO2008126898A1, page 68, compound example 3, with an IC₅₀ of 6.5 nM.