Cathepsin Inhibitor

Z-FA-FMK ((1S)-Z-FA-FMK) is a potent Cathepsin B and L inhibitor. Z-FA-FMK blocks the induction of DEVDase activity, DNA fragmentation, and externalization of phosphatidylserine by selective synthetic retinoid-related molecules (RRMs). Z-FA-FMK inhibits apoptosis. Z-FA-FMK inhibits caspase activity and selectively inhibits recombinant effector caspases 2, -3, -6, and -7. Z-FA-FMK is a viral inhibitor. Z-FA-FMK inhibits reovirus replication in a susceptible host.

Cathepsin L-IN-2 ((Rac)-Z-Phe-Phe-FMK) is an isomer of the Cathepsin L inhibitor Z-Phe-Phe-FMK (HY-141867), with an IC₅₀ of 15 μM for cathepsin L. Z-Phe-Phe-FMK irreversibly blocks the proteolytic function of cathepsins by covalently binding to the cysteine residues in the active center of the enzyme. Cathepsin L-IN-2 and Z-Phe-Phe-FMK can be used to study neurodegenerative diseases (such as GRN-related frontotemporal dementia) and cancer invasion and metastasis.

Papain inhibitor (Glycylglycyl-L-tyrosyl-L-arginine) is a competitive papain-targeting enzyme inhibitor with a K_i of 9 μM. Papain inhibitor binds directly to the substrate binding site of papain, inhibiting substrate hydrolysis by the enzyme. Papain inhibitor functions as a component of an electrochemical probe for the detection of papain.

Petesicatib (RO5459072; RG-7625) is a cathepsin S inhibitor, used in research of immune diseases.

ALLM (Calpain inhibitor II) is a potent inhibitor of calpain and cathepsin proteases. ALLM inhibits neuronal cell death and improves chronic neurological function after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Z-WEHD-FMK is a potent, cell-permeable and irreversible caspase-1/5 inhibitor. Z-WEHD-FMK also exhibits a robust inhibitory effect on cathepsin B activity (IC₅₀=6 μM). Z-WEHD-FMK can be used to investigate cells for evidence of apoptosis.

Z-LVG-CHN2 is a cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of cysteine proteinase. Z-LVG-CHN2 is a tripeptide derivative and mimics part of the human cysteine proteinase-binding center. Z-LVG-CHN2 displays an inhibition on HSV whereas no significant effect on poliovirus replication. Z-LVG-CHN2 effectively blocks SARS-COV-2 replication (EC₅₀=190 nM) via inhibition of SARS-COV-2 3CL pro protease.

Mesaconic acid (Citronic acid; Methylfumaric acid) is an orally active anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. Mesaconic acid reduces the level of NF-κB in colon tissues, downregulates the expression of Keap1 and Bax, upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and Bcl2, and decreases the expression of Caspase-1. Mesaconic acid reduces the levels of NLRP3, ASC and Casp-1 in colon, liver and kidney tissues. Mesaconic acid reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, increases the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, elevates NAD⁺ levels, regulates oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme levels, and upregulates intestinal barrier proteins in colon, liver and kidney tissues. Mesaconic acid increases the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria and reduces the abundance of harmful gut bacteria in rapidly aging mice, and exhibits anti-aging properties. Mesaconic acid acts as a flame retardant and serves as a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction. Mesaconic acid can be used in the research of aging-related inflammation.

KGP94 is a selective inhibitor of cathepsin L with an IC₅₀ of 189 nM. KGP94 inhibits migration and invasion of metastatic carcinoma and shows low cytotoxicity (GI₅₀=26.9 µM) against various human cell lines.

Z-FF-FMK (Z-Phe-Phe-FMK) is a cell-permeable, irreversible, and cysteine protease inhibitor targeting cathepsin-L. Z-FF-FMK inhibits angiotensin II-induced MEK activation in vascular walls, aortic medial remodeling, blood pressure elevation, and upregulation of cystatin C in aortic walls. Z-FF-FMK prevents β-amyloid-mediated caspase-3 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis of cortical neurons (apoptosis). Z-FF-FMK can be used in research related to hypertension and Alzheimer's disease.

MeOSuc-AAPV-CMK (Elastase Inhibitor III) is an elastase inhibitor that simultaneously inhibits Cathepsin G and Proteinase 3. MeOSuc-AAPV-CMK blocks the shedding of FcgRIIIb on the surface of human neutrophils. MeOSuc-AAPV-CMK reverses the elastase-mediated reduction in proinflammatory cytokine production by immune cells, partially restores IL-1β levels in immune cell co-culture systems, and prevents elastase-mediated adiponectin cleavage.

Cathepsin C-IN-5 (compound SF38) is a potent, selective and orally active Cathepsin C inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 59.9 nM, 4.26 µM, >5 µM, >5 µM, >5 µM for Cat C, Cat L, Cat S, Cat B, Cat K, respectively. Cathepsin C-IN-5 inhibits the Cat C activity in bone marrow and blood. Cathepsin C-IN-5 decreases the activation of NSPs (neutrophil serine proteases). Cathepsin C-IN-5 shows anti-inflammatory activity.

Aurantiamide acetate (TMC-58A) is a selective and orally active cathepsin inhibitor isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. Aurantiamide acetate has anti-inflammatory activities and can be used for the study of inflammatory diseases.

Olgotrelvir (STI-1558) sodium is an orally active dual inhibitor of coronavirus main protease (Mpro) and human cell cathepsin (Cathepsin L). Olgotrelvir sodium is readily converted to its active form, AC1115, in full blood and/or plasma. Olgotrelvir sodium can effectively inhibit both SARS-CoV-2 replication and entry into host cells.

Relacatib (SB-462795) is a novel, potent, and orally active inhibitor of human cathepsins K, L, and V with K_i values of 41 pM, 68 pM, and 53 pM, respectively. Relacatib inhibits endogenous cathepsin K in situ in human osteoclasts and human osteoclast-mediated bone resorption with IC₅₀ values of 45 nM and 70 nM, respectively. Relacatib inhibits bone resorption in vitro in human tissue as well as in cynomolgus monkeys in vivo.

Cathepsin X-IN-1 (compound 25) is a potent Cathepsin X inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 7.13 µM. Cathepsin X-IN-1 decreases PC-3 cell migration with low cytotoxic.

L-006235 (L-235) is a potent, selective, reversible and orally active inhibitor of cathepsin K, with an IC₅₀ of 5 nM in bone resorption assay. L-006235 shows selectivity for cathepsin K (K_i=0.2 nM) over cathepsin B, cathepsin L, and cathepsin S (K_i=1, 6, and 47 μM, respectively). L-006235 can reduce collagen degradation and prevent bone loss.

Cysteine Protease inhibitor is a cysteine protease inhibitor. Cysteine Protease inhibitor can be used in immunoblotting experiments of cells or tissues.

LN5P45 is an OTUB2 inhibitor (IC₅₀: 2.3 μM). LN5P45 induces monoubiquitination of OTUB2 on lysine 31. LN5P45 can be used for research of tumor progression and metastasis.

JPM-OEt is a broad spectrum cysteine cathepsin inhibitor. JPM-OEt binds covalently in the active site, and irreversibly inhibits the cysteine cathepsin family. Antitumor activity.