S100B Antibody (YA3640)

S100B is a member of the S100 EF-hand calcium-binding protein family and is highly enriched in astrocytes, where it functions as an intracellular calcium sensor and extracellular signaling molecule that regulates cellular differentiation, growth, and neural homeostasis^[1][2]. Mechanistically, extracellular S100B interacts with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), activating signaling pathways that influence neuronal and glial responses, neuroinflammation, and cell survival processes^[3][4]. Through these activities, S100B participates in the regulation of neurite extension, astrocyte maturation, oligodendrocyte development, and neural network function during central nervous system development and maintenance^[2][4]. In disease contexts, altered S100B expression or release is associated with traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological conditions, and circulating S100B has therefore become a widely investigated biomarker of central nervous system injury and blood-brain barrier dysfunction^[1][5]. Compared with related S100 family members, S100B is distinguished by its predominant enrichment in astrocytes and its extensive characterization as both a pathogenic mediator and a clinical biomarker in neurological disorders^[1][2]. For experimental applications, modulation of S100B-dependent signaling has been explored through strategies targeting S100B interactions with RAGE or other binding partners, and S100B antagonists have been used to investigate the contribution of this protein to disease-associated cellular responses^[3].