Cat. No.: HY-N0570

Hydroxytyrosol

(Synonyms: DOPET; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol; 3-Hydroxytyrosol)

10 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 10 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Hydroxytyrosol (DOPET; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable multi-active compound with multiple effects including antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-platelet aggregation, and neuroprotective activities. Hydroxytyrosol not only inhibits the growth of Vibrio by increasing bacterial membrane permeability, but also interacts with DNA and mediates supercoiled DNA relaxation. Meanwhile, Hydroxytyrosol effectively reduces thrombosis and inhibits lipid oxidation by inhibiting COX activity and promoting vascular nitric oxide production. In terms of neuroprotection, Hydroxytyrosol significantly alleviates neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory responses by up-regulating the expression level of ERβ, thereby improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease models. Hydroxytyrosol has been widely used in scientific research related to Vibrio infection, arterial thrombosis, Alzheimer's disease and other related fields.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.81%
CAS No.: 10597-60-1
Formula: C₈H₁₀O₃
Molecular Weight:154.16

Storage:

Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Hydroxytyrosol Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 10597-60-1

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (10)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

All Estrogen Receptor/ERR Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
DG-75	IC₅₀	58 μg/mL Compound: 2, HT	Cytotoxicity against human DG75 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human DG75 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 18823782]
HeLa	IC₅₀	70 μg/mL Compound: 2, HT	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 18823782]
HUVEC	IC₅₀	7.5 μM Compound: 46	Inhibition of NADPH oxidase in Homo sapiens (human) HUVEC cells Inhibition of NADPH oxidase in Homo sapiens (human) HUVEC cells	10.1007/s00044-012-0353-y
MRC5	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 2; HT	Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27155468]
Platelet	IC₅₀	27 μM Compound: Htyr; Hydroxytyrosol	Inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet rich plasma preincubated for 10 mins Inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet rich plasma preincubated for 10 mins	[PMID: 26225717]
Platelet	IC₅₀	67 μM Compound: Htyr; Hydroxytyrosol	Inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet rich plasma preincubated for 10 mins Inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet rich plasma preincubated for 10 mins	[PMID: 26225717]
SK-BR-3	IC₅₀	201.1 μM Compound: Hydroxytyrosol	Antiproliferative activity against human SKBR3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT reduction assay Antiproliferative activity against human SKBR3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT reduction assay	[PMID: 28551177]

In Vitro

Hydroxytyrosol (39-80 μg/mL; up to 24 h) inhibits growth of Vibrio parahemolyticus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 39 μg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration of 78 μg/mL, and 80 μg/mL of the compound almost completely stops bacterial growth during incubation^[1].
Hydroxytyrosol (15-250 min) exhibits time-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity with EC₅₀ values of 0.26, 0.22, and 0.14 mol AH/mol DPPH at 15, 60, and 250 min, respectively, showing weaker activity than hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, and 3,4-DHPEA-EA but activity comparable to α-tocopherol^[3].
Hydroxytyrosol (20 μM; 24 h) enhances ERβ promoter activity in HT22 cells, promoting ERβ transcriptional expression^[4].
Hydroxytyrosol (10-20 μM; 24-48 h) enhances ERβ mRNA and protein expression in HT22 cells, with greater effects at higher concentrations or longer incubation times^[4].
Hydroxytyrosol (10 μM; 48 h) protects primary rat hippocampal neurons from Aβ_25-35-induced cell death and apoptosis by restoring ERβ expression and inhibiting apoptotic signaling pathways^[4].
Hydroxytyrosol (10 μM; 48 h) protects primary rat hippocampal neurons from Aβ_25-35-induced apoptosis in an ERβ-dependent manner, as its neuroprotective effects are eliminated when ERβ is knocked down^[4].
Hydroxytyrosol (10 μM; 24 h) alleviates Aβ_25-35-induced synaptic dysfunction in primary rat hippocampal neurons in an in vitro ERβ-dependent manner, as its protective effects on electrophysiological function are eliminated when ERβ is knocked down^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Proliferation Assay^[7]

Cell Line:

DLD1 cells
Concentration:

50, 100 and 200 μg/mL
Incubation Time:
Result:

Inhibited the growth of DLD1 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner.

In Vivo

Hydroxytyrosol (1-100 mg/kg per day; p.o.; daily; 7 days) administered orally to rats for 7 days inhibits collagen-induced platelet aggregation with an ID₅₀ of 16.05 mg/kg per day, via mechanisms including reduced thromboxane B₂ synthesis and increased nitric oxide production^[2].
Hydroxytyrosol (50 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; 12 weeks) improves cognitive function, reduces neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, and restores cerebral ERβ expression in female APP/PS1 transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice, without altering Aβ processing^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

LPS (HY-D1056) )-mediated septic mice models^[1]
Dosage:

20 and 40 mg/kg
Administration:

Orally gavage, daily for 10 days
Result:

Increased survival rate.
Inhibited the incidence of oxidative damage in splenic tissue.
Decreased total leukocytes count, C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and myeloperoxidase levels.
Suppressed the production levels of tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b, and interleukin-6.
Increased mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production.

Animal Model:

APP/PS1 mice^[3]
Dosage:

5 mg/kg
Administration:

Orally gavage, daily for 6 months
Result:

Decreased levels of brain inflammatory markers.
Ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction.
Reduced mitochondrial carbonyl protein.
Enhanced SOD-2 expression.
Reversed the phase 2 enzyme system.
Had no effects on brain Aβ accumulation.

Animal Model:

Pristane-induced systemic lupus erythematous mice^[4]
Dosage:

0.4 mg
Administration:

Orally administration, daily for 6 months
Result:

Reduced paw swelling.
Showed a slightly reduction of spleen and thymus.

Animal Model:

Diabetic rats^[6]
Dosage:

1, 5 and 10 mg/kg
Administration:

Orally administration, daily for 2 months
Result:

Reduced lipid peroxidation and nitrosative stress.
Reduced prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1ß.
Reduced cell death.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 10597-60-1
Appearance Solid-Liquid Mixture
Molecular Weight 154.16
Formula C₈H₁₀O₃
Color Light yellow to yellow
SMILES

OC1=CC=C(CCO)C=C1O
Synonyms

DOPET; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol; 3-Hydroxytyrosol
Structure Classification
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Pure form	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (10)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayFlow CytometryELISAWBCell Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Phytomedicine

Fangchinoline suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inhibiting SQLE to regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway dysregulation. [Abstract]

2025 May:140:156484. PMID: 40090046
Phytother Res

Hydroxytyrosol Improves UV-Induced Skin Photoaging via PI3K-AKT/MAPK/JAK-STAT and NF-κB Pathways: Insights From Keratinocytes and In Vivo Validation. [Abstract]

2026 May 22. PMID: 42173663
Pharmaceutics

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol (DPE or Hydroxytyrosol) Counteracts ERK1/2 and mTOR Activation, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Release, Autophagy and Mitophagy Reduction Mediated by Benzo[a]pyrene in Primary Human Colonic Epithelial Cells. [Abstract]

2022 Mar 17;14(3):663. PMID: 35336037

Hydroxytyrosol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmaceutics. 2022 Mar 17;14(3):663. [Abstract]

% of cell viability of HCoEpC treated with Hydroxytyrosol (H) (1 μM) and/or B[a]P (5 μM) for 6 days.

Hydroxytyrosol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmaceutics. 2022 Mar 17;14(3):663. [Abstract]

Fold change relative to control of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, CXCL13, CCL2 and Cathepsin S released by HCoEpC treated with Hydroxytyrosol (H) (1 μM) and/or B[a]P (5 μM) for 6 days.

Hydroxytyrosol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmaceutics. 2022 Mar 17;14(3):663. [Abstract]

p21 level in HCoEpC treated with Hydroxytyrosol (H) (1 μM) and/or B[a]P (5 μM) for 6 days was assessed by Western blotting.

Hydroxytyrosol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmaceutics. 2022 Mar 17;14(3):663. [Abstract]

To stain mitochondria, HCoEpC treated with Hydroxytyrosol (H) (1 µM) and/or B[a]P (5 µM) for 6 days were incubated with MitoTracker Green and analyzed by ApoTome system.
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol

Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/PVA hydrogels and the chondroprotective influence of hydroxytyrosol: an In vitro study. [Abstract]

2026 Dec;54(1):248-275. PMID: 42331338
Int J Mol Sci

Enhanced Anti-Atherogenic Effects of Epicatechin and Hydroxytyrosol in THP-1 Macrophages: An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Study. [Abstract]

2026 May 10;27(10):4235. PMID: 42196218
FOOD BIOPROD PROCESS

2023 Feb 11.
Neurotox Res

Tubuloside B Alleviates Aβ25-35 Induced PC12 Cell Injury by Attenuating Pyroptosis, Apoptosis and Excessive Autophagy. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 19;44(2):12. PMID: 41854817
Biomed Pharmacother

Unlocking the effective alliance of β-lapachone and hydroxytyrosol against triple-negative breast cancer cells. [Abstract]

2024 May:174:116439. PMID: 38518601
Texas Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences

2023 Jun 20.
Oxid Med Cell Longev

Hydroxytyrosol Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Neuropathic Pain by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. [Abstract]

2022 Nov 2:2022:2240894. PMID: 36388163

Hydroxytyrosol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Nov 2:2022:2240894. [Abstract]

Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptotic ratio of HNPCs after Hydroxytyrosol (HT) (20, 100 μM) treatment.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (810.85 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (648.68 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Ethanol : 50 mg/mL (324.34 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.4868 mL

32.4338 mL

64.8677 mL

5 mM

1.2974 mL

6.4868 mL

12.9735 mL

10 mM

0.6487 mL

3.2434 mL

6.4868 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (13.49 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (13.49 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (13.49 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (283 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Wei J, et al. Antibacterial Activity of Hydroxytyrosol Acetate from Olive Leaves (Olea Europaea L.). Nat Prod Res. 2018;32(16):1967-1970. [Content Brief]

[2]. González-Correa JA, et al. Effects of hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate administration to rats on platelet function compared to acetylsalicylic acid. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56(17):7872-7876. [Content Brief]

[3]. Gordon MH, et al. Antioxidant activity of hydroxytyrosol acetate compared with that of other olive oil polyphenols. J Agric Food Chem. 2001;49(5):2480-2485. [Content Brief]

[4]. Qin C, et al. Hydroxytyrosol acetate improves the cognitive function of APP/PS1 transgenic mice in ERβ‐dependent manner[J]. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2021, 65(3): 2000797.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
Ethanol / H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	6.4868 mL	32.4338 mL	64.8677 mL	162.1692 mL
	5 mM	1.2974 mL	6.4868 mL	12.9735 mL	32.4338 mL
	10 mM	0.6487 mL	3.2434 mL	6.4868 mL	16.2169 mL
	15 mM	0.4325 mL	2.1623 mL	4.3245 mL	10.8113 mL
	20 mM	0.3243 mL	1.6217 mL	3.2434 mL	8.1085 mL
	25 mM	0.2595 mL	1.2974 mL	2.5947 mL	6.4868 mL
	30 mM	0.2162 mL	1.0811 mL	2.1623 mL	5.4056 mL
	40 mM	0.1622 mL	0.8108 mL	1.6217 mL	4.0542 mL
	50 mM	0.1297 mL	0.6487 mL	1.2974 mL	3.2434 mL
	60 mM	0.1081 mL	0.5406 mL	1.0811 mL	2.7028 mL
	80 mM	0.0811 mL	0.4054 mL	0.8108 mL	2.0271 mL
	100 mM	0.0649 mL	0.3243 mL	0.6487 mL	1.6217 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Hydroxytyrosol

10 Cited Publications

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Hydroxytyrosol

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Hydroxytyrosol

All Estrogen Receptor/ERR Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (10)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Hydroxytyrosol Related Classifications

HY-N0570 Related Classifications