15769-56-9
Chemical Structure
Guluronic acid
Synonym(s): G2013
- CAS No.: 15769-56-9
- Formula:C6H10O7
- Molecular Weight:194.14
IUPAC Name: (2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoic acid
InChIKey: IAJILQKETJEXLJ-KLVWXMOXSA-N
SMILES: O=C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](C(O)=O)O)O)O)O
Biological Activity: Guluronic acid (G2013) is an orally active oxidative stress regulator and anti-inflammatory agent that exerts pharmacological effects by down-regulating various pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress-related genes (such as TLR4, NF-κB, iNOS, etc.) and inhibiting the activities of COX-2, MMPs and VEGF. Low-dose Guluronic acid up-regulates the expression of immunoregulatory genes SHIP1 and SOCS1, thereby effectively inhibiting cancer-related inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, cell adhesion and metastasis, while reducing the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. Guluronic acid significantly prolongs the survival time of tumor-bearing hosts within a concentration range without direct cytotoxicity, demonstrating favorable safety. Guluronic acid has involved in the research of multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, breast cancer and other inflammatory diseases[1][2][3][4].
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Guluronic acid | Guluronic acid (G2013) is an orally active oxidative stress regulator and anti-inflammatory agent that exerts pharmacological effects by down-regulating various pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress-related genes (such as TLR4, NF-κB, iNOS, etc.) and inhibiting the activities of COX-2, MMPs and VEGF. Low-dose Guluronic acid up-regulates the expression of immunoregulatory genes SHIP1 and SOCS1, thereby effectively inhibiting cancer-related inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, cell adhesion and metastasis, while reducing the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. Guluronic acid significantly prolongs the survival time of tumor-bearing hosts within a concentration range without direct cytotoxicity, demonstrating favorable safety. Guluronic acid has involved in the research of multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, breast cancer and other inflammatory diseases. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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- [1]. Taeb M, et al. An in vitro evaluation of anti-aging effect of guluronic acid (G2013) based on enzymatic oxidative stress gene expression using healthy individuals PBMCs. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;90:262-267. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Mortazavi-Jahromi SS, et al. Effects of guluronic acid (G2013) on SHIP1, SOCS1 induction and related molecules in TLR4 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol. 2018;55:323-329. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Hosseini F, et al. Anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects of α-l-guluronic acid (G2013) on cancer-related inflammation in a murine breast cancer model. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;98:793-800. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Nazeri S, et al. The safety and efficacy of Guluronic acid (G2013) in ankylosing spondylitis: A randomized controlled parallel clinical trial. Pharmacol Rep. 2019;71(3):393-398. [Content Brief]
Keywords
