Isotope-Labeled Bile Acids

Hyocholic Acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Hyocholic Acid.

Glycohyocholic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Glycohyocholic acid (HY-122141). Glycohyocholic acid (GHCA) is a primary conjugated bile acid formed by the conjugation of Cholic acid (HY-N0324) and Glycine (HY-Y0966). Glycohyocholic acid can be used in the study of hepatitis C-related cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus.

Glycocholic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Glycocholic acid (HY-N1423). Glycocholic acid is a bile acid derivative. Glycocholic acid downregulates MDR1, Bcl-2, MRP1, MRP2 and FXR, upregulates Bax, p53, caspase-9, caspase-3, TGR5 and S1PR2. Glycocholic acid inhibits multidrug resistance and efflux pumps, induces mitochondrial apoptosis, and enhances chemosensitivity. Glycocholic acid modulates related bile acid receptor signaling. Glycocholic acid suppresses growth and conjugation of Enterobacteriaceae and increases their antibiotic susceptibility. Glycocholic acid can be used for the research of colon adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Taurocholic acid-¹³C₂,¹⁵N (sodium) is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N- labeled Taurocholic acid (sodium).

Glycodeoxycholic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Glycodeoxycholic Acid. Glycodeoxycholic Acid is an endogenous metabolite.

α-Muricholic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled α-Muricholic acid. α-Muricholic acid is the most abundant primary bile acid in rodents.

Obeticholic Acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Obeticholic acid. Obeticholic acid (INT-747) is a potent, selective and orally active FXR agonist with an EC₅₀ of 99 nM. Obeticholic acid has anticholeretic and anti-inflammation effect. Obeticholic acid also induces autophagy.

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate-d₅ (disodium) is the deuterium labeled Glycochenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate disodium.

Deoxycholic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Deoxycholic acid. Deoxycholic acid is specifically responsible for activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.

Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate-d₄ (disodium) is the deuterium labeled Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium.

Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate-d₄ (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate.

Chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate-d₄ disodium is the deuterium labeled Chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate.

Taurolithocholic acid-d₄ (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Taurolithocholic acid (sodium salt). Taurolithocholic acid sodium is an orally active bile acid and antiviral agent. Taurolithocholic acid sodium upregulates FADS2 by activating the TGR5-PI3K/AKT-SREBP2 signaling axis, inhibits SFTSV-induced ferroptosis, viral replication and viral entry of HBV/HDV, while reducing the release of IL-1β, lipid ROS and LDH. While exerting antiviral protective effects, Taurolithocholic acid sodium also stimulates the recycling of hepatocellular membrane transporters, impairs canalicular bile acid secretion function, and induces hepatocyte cholestasis, apoptosis and acute hepatocellular injury. Taurolithocholic acid sodium serves as an experimental model compound for hepatocellular cholestasis. At concentrations ≤200 μM, Taurolithocholic acid sodium shows no cytotoxicity and does not activate the interferon pathway. Taurolithocholic acid sodium not only protects mice from lethal SFTSV infection but also is suitable for studies related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and cholestasis.

Ursodeoxycholic acid-d₅ methyl ester is the deuterium labeled Ursodeoxycholic acid methyl ester.

Ursodeoxycholic acid-¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Ursodeoxycholic acid. Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodeoxycholate) is a secondary bile acid issued from the transformation of (cheno)deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria, acting as a key regulator of the intestinal barrier integrity and essential for lipid metabolism. Ursodeoxycholic acid acts as signaling molecule, exerting its effects by interacting with bile acid activated receptors, including G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5, GPCR19) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Ursodeoxycholic acid can be used for the research of a variety of hepatic and gastrointestinal diseases. Orally active.

Tauro-obeticholic acid-d₅ sodium is deuterium labeled Tauro-obeticholic acid sodium (HY-135399A). Tauro-obeticholic acid is an active metabolite of Obeticholic acid. Obeticholic acid is an orally bioavailable farnesoid-X receptor (FXR) agonist.

3β-Cholic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 3β-Cholic acid.

ω-Muricholic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled ω-Muricholic Acid.

β-Muricholic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled β-Muricholic acid.

Taurocholic acid-3-o-glucuronide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Taurocholic acid-3-o-glucuronide.