Digitoxin
Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Digitoxin is an anti-cancer agent. Digitoxin induces apoptosis, inhibits influenza cytokine storm, causes DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and blocks the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Digitoxin induces calcium uptake into cells by forming transmembrane calcium channels and can be used for research of heart failure .
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.18%
- CAS No.: 71-63-6
- Formula: C41H64O13
- Molecular Weight:764.94
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Digitoxin
More- Cancer Commun (Lond). 2025 Nov 10. [Abstract]
- Nat Metab. 2019 Nov;1(11):1074-1088. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Dec 9;337(Pt 2):149613. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2024 Sep 4:15:1433137. [Abstract]
- Gynecol Oncol. 2024 Jul 5:188:162-168. [Abstract]
- Oncol Rep. 2024 Aug;52(2):103. [Abstract]
- Vet Microbiol. 2026 May:316:110992. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Feb 19;522(4):862-868. [Abstract]
- University of Saskatchewan. 2020 Jun 22.
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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WB
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
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Flow Cytometry
All Calcium Channel Isoforms
MoreAll Caspase Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Bcl-2 |
Caspase-9 |
Caspase 3 |
Bax |
HSV-1 |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| Cancer cell lines | IC50 |
0.1 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells after 72 hrs by FMCA method
Cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells after 72 hrs by FMCA method
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[PMID: 19894733] |
| DU-145 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| HCT-116 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| HCT-116 | IC50 |
0.74 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by FMCA method
Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by FMCA method
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[PMID: 19894733] |
| Hep 3B2 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| HFF | CC50 |
2.8 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against HFF assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against HFF assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24900847] |
| HFF | CC50 |
6 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against HFF assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by trypan blue exclusion assay
Cytotoxicity against HFF assessed as inhibition of cell viability after 3 days by trypan blue exclusion assay
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[PMID: 24900847] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
0.068 μM
Compound: (+)-Digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
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[PMID: 32096998] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
4.07 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by FMCA method
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by FMCA method
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[PMID: 19894733] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
67.6 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| K562 | IC50 |
6.4 nM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells by XTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells by XTT assay
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[PMID: 16309315] |
| KURAMOCHI | IC50 |
5911 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human Kuramochi cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human Kuramochi cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
0.02 μM
Compound: 1, DT
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Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability treated for 48 hrs followed by compound washout measured after 72 hrs by fluorometric CellTiter-Blue reagent assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability treated for 48 hrs followed by compound washout measured after 72 hrs by fluorometric CellTiter-Blue reagent assay
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[PMID: 21421322] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
10.2 nM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 16309315] |
| MDA-MB-231 | IC50 |
0.48 μM
Compound: (+)-Digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
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[PMID: 32096998] |
| MDA-MB-231 | IC50 |
482 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| MDA-MB-435 | IC50 |
0.043 μM
Compound: (+)-Digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
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[PMID: 32096998] |
| MDA-MB-435 | IC50 |
43.3 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| MDCK | IC50 |
0.12 μM
Compound: Digitoxin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin uptake in OATP4C1-expressing MDCK cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin uptake in OATP4C1-expressing MDCK cells
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[PMID: 14993604] |
| NCI/ADR-RES | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human NCI/ADR-RES cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human NCI/ADR-RES cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| NCI-H460 | GI50 |
10.7 nM
Compound: 1
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Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 21643465] |
| NCI-H460 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| NCI-H460 | IC50 |
357 nM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as cell death at 50 nM after 12 hrs by Hoechst-33342 staining and propidium iodide staining
Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as cell death at 50 nM after 12 hrs by Hoechst-33342 staining and propidium iodide staining
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[PMID: 21643465] |
| OVCAR-3 | IC50 |
0.12 μM
Compound: (+)-Digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR3 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR3 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution reagent based assay
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[PMID: 32096998] |
| OVCAR-3 | IC50 |
117.1 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR3 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR3 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| OVCAR-4 | IC50 |
425.6 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR4 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR4 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| OVCAR-5 | IC50 |
321 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR5 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR5 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| OVCAR-8 | IC50 |
71.5 nM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR8 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR8 cells after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay
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[PMID: 28234008] |
| SF-268 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| SK-OV-3 | IC50 |
0.44 μM
Compound: digitoxin
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Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
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[PMID: 16309329] |
| TK-10 | IC50 |
3.2 nM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human TK10 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against human TK10 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 16309315] |
| UACC-62 | IC50 |
33.5 nM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human UACC62 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against human UACC62 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 16309315] |
| Vero | CC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: Digitoxin
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Cell viability measured by CellTiter-Glo assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.05 after 72hr
Cell viability measured by CellTiter-Glo assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.05 after 72hr
|
10.1101/2020.03.20.999730 |
| Vero | IC50 |
<0.23 μM
Compound: Digitoxin
|
Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (viral titer) measured by plaque assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.0125 after 24 hr
Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (viral titer) measured by plaque assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.0125 after 24 hr
|
10.1101/2020.03.20.999730 |
Digitoxin (0-80 nM, 72 h) compromised cell survival in PC12 cells[1].
Digitoxin (4-1000 nM, 24-48 h) has an antitumor effects in MHCC97H, A549, HCT116 and HeLa cells[3].
Digitoxin (4-100 nM, 24-48 h) disrupts the cell cycle in HeLa cells[3].
Digitoxin (20-500 nM, 48 h) activates mitochondrial apoptosis in HeLa cells[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:MHCC97H, A549, HCT116 and HeLa cells
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Concentration:4-1000 nM
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Incubation Time:24 h, 48 h
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Result:Dcreased the viability of these cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with the IC50 values ranging from 0.075 to 0.395 µM following digitoxin treatment for 24 h and from 0.028 to 0.077 µM following digitoxin treatment for 48 h.
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Cell Line:HeLa cells
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Concentration:4 nM, 20 nM, 100 nM
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Incubation Time:24 h, 36 h, 48 h
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Result:Increased cell population in the G2/M phase from 16.27 to 18.36, 23.46 and 31.51% at concentrations of 20 nM for12, 24 and 36 h. Increased average cell population in the G2/M phase from 16.27 to 28.07% at concentrations of 4, 20 and 100 nM for 24 h.
Significantly decreased the protein expression levels of total CDK1 and phosphorylated CDK1.
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Cell Line:HeLa cells
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Concentration:20 nM, 100 nM, 500 nM
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Incubation Time:48 h
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Result:Upregulated Bax expression and unaltered Bcl-2 expression. Significantly increased the expression of cytochrome c.
Digitoxin (0.3-3 μg/kg, Intraperitoneal injection, once a day for 4 days) blocks the host over-production of cytokines in the cotton rat lung[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:nude mice harboring HeLa tumor xenografts[3]
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Dosage:1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
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Result:Decreased the tumor volume from 330.71±45.61 to 214.56.93±73.25 mm. Strongly increased the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3. Reduced the number of Ki-67-positive cells.
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Animal Model:cotton rats[4]
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Dosage:0.3 μg/kg, 1 μg/kg, 3 μg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
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Result:Blocked cytokine storm. Differentially affected cytokine expression. Left immune cell density intact in virus-infected lung.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 71-63-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 764.94
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Formula C41H64O13
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C[C@H]1O[C@](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](C)O[C@](O[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@@](O[C@@H]4C[C@](CC[C@]5([H])[C@]6([H])CC[C@@]7(C)[C@]5(O)CC[C@@H]7C(CO8)=CC8=O)([H])[C@]6(C)CC4)([H])O[C@@H]3C)([H])C[C@@H]2O)([H])C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (9)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cancer Commun (Lond)
Unfolded protein response kinase PERK supports survival and metastasis of circulating tumor cell clusters via SAM synthesis and H3K4me3-dependent PDGFB signaling. [Abstract]2025 Nov 10. PMID: 41212905 -
Nat Metab
2019 Nov;1(11):1074-1088. PMID: 31799499 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Molecular interaction of abemaciclib with human serum albumin: Insights from spectroscopy, microscopy, and computational approaches. [Abstract]2025 Dec 9;337(Pt 2):149613. PMID: 41380878 -
Front Pharmacol
PFKFB3 deprivation attenuates the cisplatin resistance via blocking its autophagic elimination in colorectal cancer cells. [Abstract]2024 Sep 4:15:1433137. PMID: 39295937
Digitoxin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2024 Sep 4:15:1433137. [Abstract]
Cell viability was analyzed after indicated treatment for 24 h (Digitoxin (Dig): 1 μΜ; Oua: 1 μΜ).
Digitoxin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2024 Sep 4:15:1433137. [Abstract]
Cell lysates were performed immunoblotting after DDP treatment in the presence or absence of Digitoxin (Dig)/Oua for 24 h.
Digitoxin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2024 Sep 4:15:1433137. [Abstract]
The combination of 3-MA or Digitoxin (Dig) (3 mg/kg, i.p.) with DDP significantly reduced the tumor volume and tumor weight in the mouse xenograft model.
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Gynecol Oncol
Preclinical 3D model screening reveals digoxin as an effective therapy for a rare and aggressive type of endometrial cancer. [Abstract]2024 Jul 5:188:162-168. PMID: 38970843 -
Oncol Rep
2024 Aug;52(2):103. PMID: 38940341
Digitoxin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncol Rep. 2024 Aug;52(2):103. [Abstract]
Transwell assay detected the migration of HCCC9810 and HuCCT1 treated with Digitoxin (DT).
Digitoxin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncol Rep. 2024 Aug;52(2):103. [Abstract]
Digitoxin (DT) could reduce the α2,6 sialylation on the cell membrane, and the overexpression of ST6GAL1 was able to counteract the reduction effect induced by DT by Flow cytometry.
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Vet Microbiol
The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Combinatorial screening of a panel of FDA-approved drugs identifies several candidates with anti-Ebola activities. [Abstract]2020 Feb 19;522(4):862-868. PMID: 31806372 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (130.73 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.27 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.27 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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-
-
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (281 KB)
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SDS (644 KB)
- English - EN (644 KB)
- Français - FR (644 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (644 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (644 KB)
- Español - ES (644 KB)
- Swedish - SV (644 KB)
- Italian - IT (644 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (644 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 1.3073 mL | 6.5365 mL | 13.0729 mL | 32.6823 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2615 mL | 1.3073 mL | 2.6146 mL | 6.5365 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1307 mL | 0.6536 mL | 1.3073 mL | 3.2682 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0872 mL | 0.4358 mL | 0.8715 mL | 2.1788 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0654 mL | 0.3268 mL | 0.6536 mL | 1.6341 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0523 mL | 0.2615 mL | 0.5229 mL | 1.3073 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0436 mL | 0.2179 mL | 0.4358 mL | 1.0894 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0327 mL | 0.1634 mL | 0.3268 mL | 0.8171 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0261 mL | 0.1307 mL | 0.2615 mL | 0.6536 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0218 mL | 0.1089 mL | 0.2179 mL | 0.5447 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0163 mL | 0.0817 mL | 0.1634 mL | 0.4085 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0131 mL | 0.0654 mL | 0.1307 mL | 0.3268 mL |