Prenol Lipids

(3E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, a sesquiterpene, is the major herbivore-induced plant volatile that help in defense directly by acting as repellants and indirectly by recruiting insects' natural enemies. (3E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene attractes Asian corn borer (ACB, Ostrinia furnacalis) larvae. External supplementation with (3E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene hampered the larvae's ability to locate pre-infested maize.

All-trans-Retinyl oleate (Retinyl oleate) is a synthetic ester formed from the combination of Retinol (vitamin A) and oleic acid. All-trans-Retinyl oleate belongs to the class of retinoids, which are derivatives of vitamin A.

(3RS, 7R, 11R)-Dihydrophytol is the hydrogenation intermediate in the synthesis of Phytanic acid (HY-113067) from Phytol (HY-N3075).

Tricyclene is a natural bicyclic monoterpene hydrocarbon, and it is one of the main components in the essential oil of Salvia aegyptiaca L.

(±)-Neoisomenthol is a monoterpene. (±)-Neoisomenthol is a volatile constituent of Mentha arvensis with a peppermint odor and taste. (±)-Neoisomenthol is a chiral compound, existing as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers, (+)-Neoisomenthol and (-)-Neoisomenthol.

(+)-Abscisic Aldehyde (ABAld) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). (+)-Abscisic Aldehyde is produced by the dehydrogenation of xanthoxin by xanthoxin dehydrogenases, followed by selective oxidation by abscisic aldehyde oxygenase. (+)-Abscisic Aldehyde has an oxidizing PsAOγ activity and it correlates with ABA accumulation in the old leaves of pea plants with long exposure of salinity, ammonium or nitrogen deficiency. (+)-Abscisic Aldehyde can be used for plant growth and development research.

Farnesane (2,6,10-Trimethyldodecane; Hemisqualane) is an isoprenoid derivative. Farnesane can be used to modulate juvenile hormone activity in insects.

Merulidial (Compound 1) is an antibiotic and cytotoxic agent with a sesquiterpene dialdehyde structure. Merulidial significantly inhibits the germination of spores and the hyphal growth of the wood-roting basidiomycete Heterobasidion annosum (H. annosum) and the saprophytic mould Cladosporium cucumerinum (C.cucumerinum). Merulidial also inhibits a variety of bacteria, algae and DNA synthesis of ECA cells. Merulidial shows a strong anticancer activity with IC₅₀ s of 20 and 10 μg/mL for ECA and L1210 cells, respectively .

Glisoprenin D is a cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, and it can inhibit the formation of Appressorium on the hydrophobic surface of Magnaporthegrisea.

Mutatochrome (Citroxanthin) is a naturally occurring carotenoid pigment found in certain plants. Mutatochrome has antioxidant property to help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Mutatochrome can be used for anti-inflammatory and anticancer study.

Glisoprenin B is a cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor.

Glisoprenin C is a cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, and it can inhibit the formation of Appressorium on the hydrophobic surface of Magnaporthegrisea.

Glisoprenin A is a cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, and it can inhibit the formation of Appressorium on the hydrophobic surface of Magnaporthegrisea.

β-Terpinyl acetate is a compound with anti-termitic activity, which is found in Lavandula Latifolia. β-Terpinyl acetate is promising for research of termiticides.

Echinenone is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor (IC₅₀=16.29 μg/mL) with anti-Aβ(25-35) activity. Echinenone can inhibit MDA content and increase superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities to cope with oxidative stress damage.

meso-Zeaxanthin ((3R,3′S)-Zeaxanthin) is an orally active xanthophyll carotenoid. meso-Zeaxanthin inhibits CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2B1/2, COX-2, TNF-α and iNOS, and enhances the activities of Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase and Glutathione-S-transferase. meso-Zeaxanthin quenches oxygen free radicals. meso-Zeaxanthin filters short-wavelength blue light, alleviates oxidative damage and visual abnormalities. meso-Zeaxanthin reduces tumor incidence, prolongs tumor latency and survival rate of tumor-bearing mice, and inhibits paw edema. meso-Zeaxanthin can be used in research related to sarcoma and age-related macular degeneration.

α-Cryptoxanthin is a natural carotenoid with anticancer effects. α-Cryptoxanthin inhibits multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) mediated efflux pump.

3-Keto fusidic acid (3-keto FA) is a metabolite of Fusidic acid (HY-B1350) that is active when taken orally.

11-cis-Retinol, a form of retinol, can bind to RDH5. 11-cis-Retinol promote dark adaptation and recovery of photoresponsiveness of red cones but not of red rods.

Nepetalactone is an unsaturated lactone that may be hydrolyzed to nepetalic acid.