Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

  • Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):840-6. doi: 10.1038/nature05482.
Steven E Kahn  1 ,  Rebecca L Hull ,  Kristina M Utzschneider
Affiliations
  • 1. Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, Washington 98108, USA. [email protected]
PMID: 17167471 DOI: 10.1038/nature05482
Abstract

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. In obese individuals, adipose tissue releases increased amounts of non-esterified Fatty Acids, glycerol, Hormones, pro-inflammatory cytokines and other factors that are involved in the development of Insulin Resistance. When Insulin Resistance is accompanied by dysfunction of pancreatic islet beta-cells - the cells that release Insulin - failure to control blood glucose levels results. Abnormalities in beta-cell function are therefore critical in defining the risk and development of Type 2 Diabetes. This knowledge is fostering exploration of the molecular and genetic basis of the disease and new approaches to its treatment and prevention.