Azadirachta indica triterpenoids promote osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro and in vivo

  • Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2016 Aug 1;26(15):3719-24. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.076.
Priyanka Kushwaha  1 ,  Vikram Khedgikar  1 ,  Saikat Haldar  2 ,  Jyoti Gautam  1 ,  Fayaj A Mulani  2 ,  Hirekodathakallu V Thulasiram  3 ,  Ritu Trivedi  4
Affiliations
  • 1. CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India.
  • 2. Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
  • 3. Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi 110007, India. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 4. CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 27317644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.076
Abstract

Terpenoids were isolated using chromatographic purification through solvent purification technique and identified as Azadirone (1), Epoxyazadiradione (2) Azadiradione (3) Gedunin (4) Nimbin (5) Salannin (6) Azadirachtin A (7) and Azadirachtin B (8) from Azadirachta indica. Out of eight compounds, only three compounds had osteogenic activity and enhanced osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization in osteoblast cells. Active compounds stimulated osteogenic genes ALP, RunX-2 and OCN expressions in vitro, but Azadirachtin A had a maximum ability to stimulate osteoblast differentiation and mineralization compared to Other two active compounds. For in vivo study, Azadirachtin A injected subcutaneously in pups, which enhanced osteogenic gene expressions and promoted bone formation rate significantly. Here, we conclude that active compounds of Azadirachta indica have osteogenic activity and Azadirachtin A has a beneficial effects on bone.

Keywords
ALP and mineralization assay; Balb/c mice pups; Calvarial osteoblast cells; Gene expressions.
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