IP-10/CRG-2/CXCL10 Protein, Mouse

CXCL10, also known as interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10), is a cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. CXCL10 exerts its biological effects by binding to CXCR3. CXCL10 is a pleiotropic molecule capable of exerting potent biological functions, including promoting the chemotactic activity of CXCR3+ cells, inducing apoptosis, regulating cell growth and proliferation as well as angiogenesis in infectious and inflammatory diseases and cancer^[1]. IP-10/CRG-2/CXCL10 Protein, Mouse consists of 77 amino acids (I22-P98) and is expressed in E. coli.

CXCL10 is a pro-inflammatory chemokine secreted by a wide spectrum of cells. CXCL10 activates T lymphocytes (Th1), NK cells, macrophages, dendritic and B cells. Alterations in CXCL10 expression levels have been associated with inflammatory diseases including infectious diseases, angiogenesis, immune dysfunction and tumor development^[1].
Mature human CXCL10 shares 68% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat CXCL10.
Human CXCL10 gene, is initially isolated in 1985 by Luster while treating a lymphoma cell line (U937) with recombinant IFN-γ. CXCL10 cDNA has an open reading frame of 1173-bp containing 4 exons and encoding a protein of 98-amino acids. The primary translational product of the CXCL10 gene is a 12 kDa protein containing two internal disulfide cross bridges. CXCL10 exerts its biological effects by binding to CXCR3, a seven trans-membrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptor in a paracrine or autocrine fashion, which is predominantly expressed on activated T, B lymphocyte, natural killer (NK), dendritic and macrophage cells. CXCL10 induction depends predominantly on the carboxyl-terminal region of CXCR3, which is essential for CXCR3 internalization, chemotaxis and calcium mobilization induced by the CXCL10 ligand. The powerful chemotactic action of CXCL10 on activated lymphocytes allows it to modulate both innate and adaptive immunity, inducing tissue damage and modulating tumor formation^[1].
  CXCL10 is a pleiotropic molecule capable of exerting potent biological functions, including promoting the chemotactic activity of CXCR3+ cells, inducing apoptosis, regulating cell growth and proliferation as well as angiogenesis in infectious and inflammatory diseases and cancer. ELR-negative CXCL10 is an angiostatic chemokine, which inhibits angiogenesis. Abnormal levels of CXCL10 have been observed in body fluids of individuals infected with viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites^[1].

Recombinant mouse CXCL10 protein (1, 10, or 100 ng/mL; for 72 h) shows strongly chemotactic to the astrocytes^[4].

Mice are pretreated with recombinant mouse CXCL10 (2 mg/kg/day, i.v.) or vehicle for 3 days, and injected with BrdU 24 h after final pretreatment. CXCL10 inhibits crypt cell proliferation and migration in vivo^[2].
In Bleomycin-treated mice, recombinant mouse CXCL10 (1 μg/20 μL; daily; for 13 days) is given to mice intramuscularly daily. CXCL10 inhibits primary lung fibroblast migration during fibrosis in WT mice, but not in Sdc4^–/– mice^[3].

1.Full biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood lymphocytes is in a concentration range of 0.1-10.0 ng/ml in the presence of IL-2.
2.Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CXCR3. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.2587 µg/mL.

• 
  Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CXCR3. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.2587 µg/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 3865.481 U/mg.

Mouse

E. coli

Tag Free

P17515 (I22-P98)

15945  [NCBI]

Full Length of Mature Protein

IPLARTVRCNCIHIDDGPVRMRAIGKLEIIPASLSCPRVEIIATMKKNDEQRCLNPESKTIKNLMKAFSQKRSKRAP

Approximately 11 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

• 
  ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

1.Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 2×PBS, pH 7.4.
2.Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4, 8% trehalose.
Please refer to the lot-specific COA for specific buffer information.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Liu M, et al. CXCL10/IP-10 in infectious diseases pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2011 Jun;22(3):121-30.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Liu M, et al. CXCL10/IP-10 in infectious diseases pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2011 Jun;22(3):121-30.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Shunya Sasaki, et al. Blockade of CXCL10 protects mice from acute colitis and enhances crypt cell survival. Eur J Immunol. 2002 Nov;32(11):3197-205.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Dianhua Jiang, et al. Inhibition of pulmonary fibrosis in mice by CXCL10 requires glycosaminoglycan binding and syndecan-4. J Clin Invest. 2010 Jun;120(6):2049-57.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Shinrye Lee, et al. Lipocalin-2 Is a chemokine inducer in the central nervous system: role of chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) in lipocalin-2-induced cell migration. J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 23;286(51):43855-43870.  [Content Brief]