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By Research Areas:	Cancer (208) Cardiovascular Disease (48) Endocrinology (5) Infection (51) Inflammation/Immunology (85) Metabolic Disease (56) Neurological Disease (74)
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453

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Targets Recommended: PNPLA3

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-15186

Ipatasertib 55+ Cited Publications GDC-0068; RG7440	Organoid Akt Apoptosis	Cancer
Ipatasertib (GDC-0068) is an orally active, highly selective and ATP-competitive pan-Akt inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 5, 18, 8 nM for Akt1/2/3, respectively. Ipatasertib synchronously activates FoxO3a and NF-κB through inhibition of Akt leading to p53-independent activation of PUMA. Ipatasertib also induces apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in xenograft mouse models .

HY-100168

BAPTA 35+ Cited Publications	Phospholipase	Others
BAPTA is a selective and cell-impermeant chelator for calcium. BAPTA has high selectivity against magnesium and calcium. BAPTA can also inhibit phospholipase C activity independently of their role as Ca ²⁺ chelators .

HY-B0167

Salicylic acid 10+ Cited Publications 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite COX Autophagy Apoptosis Mitophagy	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Salicylic acid has blood-brain barrier permeability .

HY-D0845

Nitrosoglutathione 5+ Cited Publications GSNO; RVC-588; S-Nitroso-L-glutathione	Endogenous Metabolite Angiotensin Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a exogenous NO donor and a substrate for rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebrovascular angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses .

HY-B1747

Pyrithione 5 Publications Verification	Antibiotic Bacterial Fungal	Infection
Pyrithione is an inhibitor of membrane transport processes in fungi. Pyrithione is a potent antibiotic aspergillic acid. Pyrithion incubated Penicillium mycelia would have a marked decrease in the activities of a variety of independently regulated transport systems .

HY-B0167S

Salicylic acid-d6 1 Publications Verification 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid-d₆	Isotope-Labeled Compounds COX Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Salicylic acid-d₆ is a deuterium labeled Salicylic acid (HY-B0167). Salicylic acid inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation .

HY-101372A

Oxotremorine M iodide	mAChR	Neurological Disease
Oxotremorine M iodide is a potent and non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist. Oxotremorine M iodide potentiates NMDA receptors by muscarinic receptor dependent and independent mechanisms .

HY-112041

Unesbulin 3 Publications Verification PTC596	BMI1 Apoptosis	Cancer
Unesbulin (PTC596) is an orally active and selective B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI-1) inhibitor. Unesbulin downregulates MCL-1 and induces p53-independent mitochondrial apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Unesbulin has anti-leukemic activity .

HY-100168A

BAPTA tetrasodium 35+ Cited Publications	Phospholipase	Others
BAPTA tetrasodium is a selective and cell-impermeant chelator for calcium. BAPTA tetrasodium has high selectivity against magnesium and calcium. BAPTA can also inhibit phospholipase C activity independently of their role as Ca ²⁺ chelators .

HY-114989

Fluorizoline 3 Publications Verification	Apoptosis	Cancer
Fluorizoline selectively and directly binds to prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and 2 (PHB2), and induces apoptosis. Fluorizoline reduces chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell viability through the upregulation of NOXA and BIM. Fluorizoline exerts antitumor action in a p53-independent manner .

HY-100200

SMER28 2 Publications Verification	Autophagy	Cancer
SMER28 is a positive regulator of autophagy acting via an mTOR-independent mechanism. SMER28 prevents the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide.

HY-173626

EN1441	Androgen Receptor	Cancer
EN1441 is a covalent degrader targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with an EC₅₀ value of 4.2 μM and its truncated variant AR-V7. EN1441 selectively and potently degrades both AR and AR-V7 in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. EN1441 is promising for research of androgen-independent prostate cancers .

HY-138207

N-Oleoyl-L-phenylalanine	Mitochondrial Metabolism Drug Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
N-Oleoyl-L-phenylalanine is a long-chain N-acyl-L-phenylalanine and also a mitochondrial uncoupler. N-Oleoyl-L-phenylalanine uncouples *UCP1*-independent respiration in mitochondria, thereby helping to regulate glucose homeostasis. As an endogenous metabolite, the level of N-Oleoyl-L-phenylalanine increases in patients with ulcerative colitis after a high-fat diet. N-Oleoyl-L-phenylalanine can be used in studies related to ulcerative colitis .

HY-131873

Dynapyrazole-A	Dynamin	Infection
Dynapyrazole A is a specific inhibitor of microtubule dynamin that specifically inhibits the ATPase activity of microtubule-stimulated dynamin without blocking microtubule-independent basal activity .

HY-N3755

Dihydroresveratrol	Estrogen Receptor/ERR	Cancer
Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations .

HY-P3617

Glucagon (22-29)	GCGR	Metabolic Disease
Glucagon (22-29) is partial agonist of Glucagon (19–29). Glucagon specifically inhibits the Ca ²⁺ pump in liver plasma membranes independently of adenylate cyclase activation .

HY-113926

BAY 60-2770	Guanylate Cyclase	Cardiovascular Disease
BAY 60-2770 is a potent, selective, and orally active soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activator. BAY 60-2770 increases the activity of sGC in a nitric oxide-independent manner. BAY 60-2770 shows antifibrotic effect .

HY-123290

KCC009	Glutaminase	Cancer
KCC009, a transglutaminase 2 (TG2) inhibitor, induces p53-independent radiosensitization .

HY-N4225

Aaptamine 2 Publications Verification	Adrenergic Receptor Proteasome Cholinesterase (ChE) Bacterial Apoptosis AP-1 NF-κB	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
Aaptamine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from the sponge Aaptos suberitoides. Aaptamine is a competitive antagonist of the α-adrenergic receptor, as well as an inhibitor of the proteasome and cholinesterase. Aaptamine is cytotoxic to tumor cells and can induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest of tumor cells, and the expression of p21 through a p53-independent pathway. Aaptamine has multiple activities such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and analgesic effects .

HY-130122

MG-277 1 Publications Verification	Molecular Glues PROTACs Apoptosis	Cancer
MG-277, a molecular glue degrader, effectively induces degradation of a translation termination factor based on Cereblon E3 ligand, GSPT1, with a DC₅₀ of 1.3 nM. MG-277 potently inhibits tumor cell growth in a p53-independent manner, with IC₅₀s of 3.5 nM for RS4;11 cells and 3.4 nM for p53 mutant RS4;11/IRMI-2 cells, respectively. Anticancer activity .

HY-W319647

GCN2 activator-1	Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) Pyruvate Kinase	Inflammation/Immunology
GCN2 activator-1 (Compound 20) is a GCN2 activator. GCN2 activator-1 binds within the ATP-pocket of GCN2 and activates GCN2 in a GCN1-independent manner. GCN2 activator-1 activates Integrated Stress Response (ISR) in cells. GCN2 activator-1 inhibits PKR with an IC₅₀ of 3.75 µM. GCN2 activator-1 can be used for research of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) .

HY-100168B

BAPTA tetrapotassium 35+ Cited Publications	Phospholipase	Others
BAPTA tetrapotassium is a selective and cell-impermeant chelator for calcium. BAPTA has high selectivity against magnesium and calcium. BAPTA tetrapotassium can also inhibit phospholipase C activity independently of their role as Ca ²⁺ chelators .

HY-N1033

12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid	Phytohormone	Others
12-Hydroxyjasmonic acidis is a COI1-JAZ-independent activator of leaf-closing movement in Samanea saman .

HY-110374

NVS-CECR2-1 1 Publications Verification	Epigenetic Reader Domain Apoptosis	Cancer
NVS-CECR2-1, a non-BET family Bromodomain (BRD) inhibitor, is a potent and selective cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 2 (CECR2) inhibitor. NVS-CECR2-1 binds to CECR2 BRD with high affinity (IC₅₀=47 nM; K_D=80 nM). NVS-CECR2-1 exhibits cytotoxic activity and induces apoptosis against various cancer cells by targeting CECR2 as well as via CECR2-independent mechanism . NVS-CECR2-1 is a chemical probe.

HY-B0167R

Salicylic acid (Standard) 10+ Cited Publications 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards COX Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Salicylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salicylic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation .

HY-P3965

16-38-Thymosin β4 (cattle)	Myosin	Neurological Disease
16-38-Thymosin β4 (cattle) is a Ca ²⁺-independent MLCK activator with high affinity .

HY-NP028

Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin-FITC KLH-FITC	Biochemical Assay Reagents Fluorescent Dye	Inflammation/Immunology
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin-FITC induces both T-cell-dependent and T-cell-independent immune responses .

HY-119964

Cetaben	PPAR	Cardiovascular Disease
Cetaben is a PPARα-independent peroxisome proliferator. Cetaben is a non-fibrate hypolipidemic agent and potently reduces the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides .

HY-133095

BML-260	STAT PPAR	Inflammation/Immunology
BML-260 is a potent inhibitor of dual-specific phosphatases JSP-1 and DUSP22. BML-260 can activate UCP1 and thermogenesis in adipocytes in a *JSP-1*-independent manner. The effect of BML-260 on adipocytes is partially achieved through the activation of CREB, STAT3, and PPAR signaling pathways. BML-260 can be used in the research of inflammatory and proliferative disorders associated with JNK signaling dysfunction as well as obesity .

HY-P10639

C5aR2 agonist P32	Complement System	Inflammation/Immunology
C5aR2 agonist P32 (Ac-RHYPYWR-OH) is a C5aR2-selective agonist. C5aR2 agonist P32 has been shown to elicit multiple immunomodulatory activities, both by down-regulating the C5aR1-mediated cell signalling, and acting in a C5aR1-independent fashion, in vitro and in vivo .

HY-112197

PKG drug G1 2 Publications Verification	PKG	Cardiovascular Disease
PKG agent G1 targets C42 of PKG Iα. PKG agent G1 can couple to vasodilation and blood pressure lowering by a C42 PKG Iα-independent mechanism.

HY-111447

VAS 3947	NADPH Oxidase Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
VAS 3947, a specific NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor, exerts a potent antiplatelet effect. VAS3947 induces apoptosis independently of anti-NOX activity, via UPR activation, mainly due to aggregation and misfolding of proteins .

HY-145653

GSK2647544	Phospholipase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
GSK2647544 is an orally available, selective inhibitor of Lp-PLA2. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase (Lp-PLA2) is a calcium-independent phospholipase A2 with proinflammatory activities that is primarily secreted by monocyte-derived macrophages .

HY-129944

MJ33-OH	Phospholipase	Inflammation/Immunology
MJ33-OH is a metabolite of MJ33. MJ33 is an active-site-directed, specific, competitive, and reversible phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. MJ33 blocks the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activity of Prdx6 .

HY-149930

YL5084	JNK Apoptosis	Cancer
YL5084, a covalent JNK inhibitor, exhibits selectivity for JNK2 and JNK3 over JNK1 with IC₅₀s of 70 nM, 84 nM and 2173 nM, respectively. YL5084 exhibits JNK2-independent antiproliferative effects and induces apoptosis in a JNK2-independent manner .

HY-120904

AMPK-IN-1	AMPK	Metabolic Disease
AMPK-IN-1 is an activator of AMPK (EC₅₀: 551 nM for isoform α2β2γ1). AMPK-IN-1 leads to eEF2 phosphorylation in a mTORC1-independent way .

HY-12656

SCH 51344 1 Publications Verification	Ras	Cancer
SCH 51344 inhibits Ras induced malignant transformation and prevents anchorage-independent growth of oncogene transformed fibroblasts .

HY-160876

BC-1901S	Keap1-Nrf2 E1/E2/E3 Enzyme	Inflammation/Immunology
BC-1901S is a proteasome-independent NRF2 activator and stabilizer. BC-1901S binds to DCAF1 (E3 ligase subunit) and disrupts NRF2/DCAF1 interaction, and activates NRF2 by inhibiting NRF2 ubiquitination in a KEAP1-independent manner. BC-1901S shows anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model of LPS-induced acute lung injury .

HY-125927

8-Aminoadenosine 1 Publications Verification 8-NH2-Ado	DNA/RNA Synthesis Akt mTOR Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
8-Aminoadenosine (8-NH2-Ado), a RNA-directed nucleoside analogue, reduces cellular ATP levels and inhibits mRNA synthesis. 8-Aminoadenosine blocks Akt/mTOR signaling and induces autophagy and apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. 8-Aminoadenosine has antitumor activity .

HY-14570

Triphen diol	Apoptosis	Cancer
Triphen diol is a phenol diol derivative, which has excellent anticancer activity against pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma, and can induce pancreatic cell apoptosis through two mechanisms, caspase-mediated and caspase-independent .

HY-101013

D-SNAP S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine	Fluorescent Dye	Others
D-SNAP (S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine) can Generate nitric oxide and form superoxides spontaneously under physiological conditions and is often used to probe the cell stress response and stimulate calcium-independent synaptic vesicle release.

HY-113091

DL-α-Tocotrienol	Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
Alpha-Tocotrienol is a vitamin E analog with anti-apoptotic neuroprotective action and antioxidant properties. Alpha-Tocotrienol prevents oxidative stress-independent apoptotic cell death, DNA cleavage, and nuclear morphological changes .

HY-P2261

STAD 2 1 Publications Verification	PKA	Infection
STAD 2 is a potent and selective disruptor of PKA-RII, with a K_d of 6.2 nM. STAD 2 disrupts interactions between PKA and AKAP in an isoform-selective manner. STAD 2 displays antimalarial activity through a PKA-independent mechanism .

HY-129944A

MJ33-OH lithium	Phospholipase	Inflammation/Immunology
MJ33-OH lithium is a metabolite of MJ33. MJ33 is an active-site-directed, specific, competitive, and reversible phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. MJ33 blocks the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activity of Prdx6 .

HY-167635

Decarbamoylmitomycin C	MDM-2/p53 Drug Derivative ATM/ATR	Cancer
Decarbamoylmitomycin C, an analog of Mitomycin C (MC), is an DNA-alkylating agent. Decarbamoylmitomycin C (DMC) activates p53-independent ataxia telangiectasia and rad3 related protein (ATR) chromatin eviction .

HY-W854295

Phosphatidylinositol-1,2-dioctanoyl sodium PtdIns-(1,2-dioctanoyl) sodium	P-glycoprotein	Cancer
Phosphatidylinositol-1,2-dioctanoyl sodium significantly inhibits transmembrane P-gp transport in a reproducible, cell line-independent, and substrate-independent manner. Phosphatidylinositol-1,2-dioctanoyl sodium plays an important role in signal transduction and cell movement .

HY-P4910

Baceridin	Proteasome Apoptosis	Cancer
Baceridin is a proteasome inhibitor and a cyclic hexapeptide. Baceridin can be isolated from the culture medium of Epiphytic Bacillus. Baceridin can inhibit cell cycle progression and induce tumor cell apoptosis through a p53-independent pathway. Baceridin can be used in cancer research .

HY-E70856

PKCθ Recombinant Human Active Protein Kinase	PKC	Inflammation/Immunology
PKCθ is a member of the Ca ²⁺-independent PKC subfamily. PKCθ plays an important role in T cell activation. PKCθ is also required for the survival of activated peripheral T lymphocytes. PKCθ Recombinant Human Active Protein Kinase is a recombinant PKCθ protein that can be used to study PKCθ-related functions .

HY-122331

Norbormide	Environmental Pollutants Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Norbormide, a rodenticide, is a calcium entry blocker with a selective vasoconstrictor activity. Norbormide shows species- and tissue-specific, endothelium independent, and is restricted to the peripheral arteries of rat .

HY-137325

2-Chloro-ATP	Guanylate Cyclase	Others
2-Chloro-ATP is a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor that increases intracellular calcium concentration at low concentrations through a mechanism independent of inositol phosphate production .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-13417

AICAR Maximum Cited Publications 215 Publications Verification Acadesine; AICA Riboside	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	AMPK Autophagy YAP Mitophagy Endogenous Metabolite
AICAR (Acadesine) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR is also an autophagy, YAP and mitophagy inhibitor. AICAR regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS production. AICAR inhibits autophagy through a mechanism independent of AMPK activity .

HY-B0167

Salicylic acid 10+ Cited Publications 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Plants Endogenous metabolite Agricultural Research Monophenols other families Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Phytohormone Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite COX Autophagy Apoptosis Mitophagy
Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Salicylic acid has blood-brain barrier permeability .

HY-N2166

Tomatine 2 Publications Verification α-Tomatine; Lycopersicin; Tomatin	Solanum lycopersicum L. Solanaceae Plants Steroids Source Classification	Proteasome Apoptosis
Tomatine is a glycoalkaloid, found in the tomato plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Tomatine elicits neurotoxicity in RIP1 kinase and caspase-independent manner. Tomatine promotes the upregulation of nuclear apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) in neuroblastoma cells. Tomatine also inhibits 20S proteasome activity .

HY-113416

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate 5 Publications Verification DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	GABA Receptor Sigma Receptor iGluR PPAR NF-κB
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality .

HY-B0167A

Sodium Salicylate 10+ Cited Publications Salicylic acid sodium salt; 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid sodium salt	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Asclepiadaceae Phenols Plants Periploca sepium Bunge Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Environmental Pollutants Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis COX Autophagy NF-κB
Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation . Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle .

HY-B0765

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium 5 Publications Verification DHEA sulfate sodium; Prasterone sulfate sodium	Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	GABA Receptor Sigma Receptor iGluR PPAR NF-κB
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) sodium salt is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality .

HY-N0559

Kirenol 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Terpenoids Bituminaria morisiana (Pignatti & Metlesics) Greuter Diterpenoids Plants Compositae Source Classification	Casein Kinase Apoptosis AMPK Akt NF-κB TGF-beta/Smad
Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a K_d value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis .

HY-N12060

Ginkgo biloba extract	Structural Classification Natural Products Ginkgoaceae Plants Ginkgo biloba Source Classification	Bcl-2 Family Caspase Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Akt JNK ERK
Ginkgo biloba extract is a natural product that can be isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves . Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis (Apoptosis) by stabilizing mitochondrial function, regulating Bcl-2 family proteins and inhibiting caspase activation. Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates testicular injury by upregulating SKP2 and inhibiting Beclin1-independent autophagy (Autophagy) . Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates various types of neuronal damage in animal models. Ginkgo biloba extract reduces behavioral sensitization in rats. Ginkgo biloba extract counteracts Aβ-induced neurotoxicity by blocking a series of Aβ-triggered events, including glucose uptake, ROS accumulation, AKT activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, JNK and ERK 1/2 pathways, and apoptosis, and also interferes with the formation of Aβ oligomers. Ginkgo biloba extract is applicable to research related to cerebral hypoperfusion, testicular injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multi-infarct dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis .

HY-N0539

Calceolarioside B	Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Akebia quinata (Houttuyn) Decaisne Lardizabalaceae Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Aldose Reductase SARS-CoV Interleukin Related
Calceolarioside B is a phenylethanoid glycoside. Calceolarioside B can be isolated from the leaves of Akebia quinata. Calceolarioside B inhibits RLAR activity with an IC₅₀ value of 23.99 μM. Calceolarioside B inhibits the entry of Omicron BA.2 into host cells. Calceolarioside B reduces IL-6 levels. Calceolarioside B has immunomodulatory activity. Calceolarioside B has anticancer activity against human hormone-independent prostate cancer .

HY-N3755

Dihydroresveratrol	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Dioscorea bulbifera Linn. Dioscoreaceae Source Classification Cancer	Estrogen Receptor/ERR
Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations .

HY-N2369

Chelidonine 2 Publications Verification	Infection Alkaloids Structural Classification Chelidonium majus Classification of Application Fields Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields Papaveraceae Source Classification	Apoptosis Influenza Virus
Chelidonine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from Chelidonium majus L.. Chelidonine causes G_2/M arrest and induces caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, and prevents cell cycle progression of stem cells in Dugesia japonica. Chelidonine has cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines. with anticancer and antiviral activity .

HY-N4225

Aaptamine 2 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Animals Classification of Application Fields Marine natural products Quinoline Alkaloids Sponge Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Source Classification	Adrenergic Receptor Proteasome Cholinesterase (ChE) Bacterial Apoptosis AP-1 NF-κB
Aaptamine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from the sponge Aaptos suberitoides. Aaptamine is a competitive antagonist of the α-adrenergic receptor, as well as an inhibitor of the proteasome and cholinesterase. Aaptamine is cytotoxic to tumor cells and can induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest of tumor cells, and the expression of p21 through a p53-independent pathway. Aaptamine has multiple activities such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and analgesic effects .

HY-B2171A

Carubicin hydrochloride Carminomycin hydrochloride; Carminomicin I hydrochloride	Infection Quinones Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Anthraquinones Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis
Carubicin hydrochloride is a microbially-derived compound. Carubicin hydrochloride is an effective inhibitor of VHL-defective (VHL−/−) CCRCC cell proliferation. Carubicin hydrochloride also induces apoptosis by a mechanism independent of p53 or hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2. Carubicin hydrochloride has the potential for the research of cancer diseases .

HY-N2902

Artocarpin	Structural Classification Flavonols Flavonoids Plants Moraceae Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Artocarpin is an orally active apoptosis inducer. Artocarpin targets NF-κB, Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, AktS473, p53, Akt 1 kinase and Akt 2 kinase. Artocarpin induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mediates p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic signaling pathways, induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest, and triggers autophagic cell death. Artocarpin exerts cytotoxic and bactericidal effects on cancer cells, reduces bacterial load, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-angiogenic activities .

HY-N3354

Lupiwighteone 8-prenylgenistein	Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis
Lupiwighteone is an isoflavone present widely in wild-growing plants, with antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects. Lupiwighteone induces caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis on human breast cancer cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway .

HY-W011151

trans-Zeatinriboside 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Plants Cytokinin Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don Agricultural Research Apocynaceae Alkaloids Other Alkaloids Other Diseases Phytohormone Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Phytohormone
trans-Zeatinriboside is a zeatin-type cytokinin and plant growth regulator. trans-Zeatinriboside is produced by the terrestrial filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. HK-01 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (including Ti plasmid-dependent and Ti plasmid-independent strains). trans-Zeatinriboside is detectable as a cytokinin component in growing crown galls, and accumulates in large amounts in CHRK1-silenced transgenic tobacco accompanied by pleiotropic developmental abnormalities. trans-Zeatinriboside can be used in studies related to crown galls .

HY-B0167R

Salicylic acid (Standard) 10+ Cited Publications 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (Standard)	Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Plants Endogenous metabolite Agricultural Research other families Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Phytohormone Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Reference Standards COX Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
Salicylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salicylic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation .

HY-N6932

Voacamine	Alkaloids other families Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Cannabinoid Receptor P-glycoprotein PI3K Akt mTOR Apoptosis Autophagy EGFR
Voacamine is an indole alkaloid with cannabinoid 1 (CB1) antagonistic activity. Voacamine can inhibit nuclear translocation. Voacamine is effective in enhancing the effect of Doxorubicin (HY-15142A) as it interferes with the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function. Voacamine promotes apoptosis-independent autophagic cell death in human osteosarcoma cells. Voacamine activates mitochondrial-associated apoptosis signaling pathway and inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to suppress breast cancer progression. Voacamine inhibits EGFR to exert oncogenic activity against colorectal cancer .

HY-W748509

Pipernonaline	Piper longum Linn. Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Piperaceae Plants Source Classification	Caspase Apoptosis
Pipernonaline is a piperine derivative with antiprostate cancer activity. Pipernonaline inhibits the proliferation of androgen-dependent/independent LNCaP/PC-3 prostate cells. Pipernonaline activates caspase-3 and promotes procaspase-3/PARP cleavage. Pipernonaline also mediates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increased intracellular Ca(2+), and mitochondrial membrane depolarization .

HY-113416R

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (Standard) 1 Publications Verification DHEA sulfate (Standard); Prasterone sulfate (Standard)	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards GABA Receptor Sigma Receptor iGluR PPAR NF-κB
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (HY-113416). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality .

HY-125927

8-Aminoadenosine 1 Publications Verification 8-NH2-Ado	Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	DNA/RNA Synthesis Akt mTOR Autophagy Apoptosis
8-Aminoadenosine (8-NH2-Ado), a RNA-directed nucleoside analogue, reduces cellular ATP levels and inhibits mRNA synthesis. 8-Aminoadenosine blocks Akt/mTOR signaling and induces autophagy and apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. 8-Aminoadenosine has antitumor activity .

HY-113091

DL-α-Tocotrienol	Structural Classification Monophenols Animals Phenols Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Apoptosis
Alpha-Tocotrienol is a vitamin E analog with anti-apoptotic neuroprotective action and antioxidant properties. Alpha-Tocotrienol prevents oxidative stress-independent apoptotic cell death, DNA cleavage, and nuclear morphological changes .

HY-N2166R

Tomatine (Standard) α-Tomatine (Standard); Lycopersicin (Standard); Tomatin (Standard)	Structural Classification Solanum lycopersicum L. Solanaceae Plants Steroids Source Classification	Reference Standards Proteasome Apoptosis
Tomatine is a glycoalkaloid, found in the tomato plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Tomatine elicits neurotoxicity in RIP1 kinase and caspase-independent manner. Tomatine promotes the upregulation of nuclear apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) in neuroblastoma cells. Tomatine also inhibits 20S proteasome activity .

HY-N7183

9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one	Structural Classification Alkaloids Simaroubaceae Other Alkaloids Plants Source Classification	NF-κB GSK-3 β-catenin Wnt
9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one is a β-carboline alkaloid. 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one can be isolated from the roots of E. longifolia. 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one inhibits TNF-α-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway. 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one activates GSK3β independently of CK1α, drives phosphorylation and degradation of β-catenin, and inhibits the Wnt signaling pathway. 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one exerts selective cytotoxicity against *Wnt*-dependent colon cancer cells. 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one can be used in studies related to colon cancer .

HY-N6681

15-Acetoxyscirpenol	Infection Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Caspase Bacterial Apoptosis Antibiotic
15-acetoxyscirpenol, one of acetoxyscirpenol moiety mycotoxins (ASMs), strongly induces apoptosis and inhibits Jurkat T cell growth in a dose-dependent manner by activating other caspases independent of caspase-3 .

HY-B2171

Carubicin Carminomycin; Carminomicin I	Infection Quinones Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Anthraquinones Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis
Carubicin (Carminomycin) is a microbially-derived compound. Carubicin is an effective inhibitor of VHL-defective (VHL−/−) CCRCC cell proliferation. Carubicin also induces apoptosis by a mechanism independent of p53 or hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2. Carubicin has the potential for the research of cancer diseases .

HY-B0167AR

Sodium Salicylate (Standard) Salicylic acid sodium salt (Standard); 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid sodium salt (Standard)	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Asclepiadaceae Phenols Plants Periploca sepium Bunge Source Classification	Reference Standards COX NF-κB Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) Autophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
Sodium Salicylate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium Salicylate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation . Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle .

HY-N2369R

Chelidonine (Standard)	Alkaloids Structural Classification Chelidonium majus Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Papaveraceae Source Classification	Reference Standards Apoptosis Influenza Virus
Chelidonine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chelidonine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chelidonine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from Chelidonium majus L.. Chelidonine causes G2/M arrest and induces caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, and prevents cell cycle progression of stem cells in Dugesia japonica. Chelidonine has cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines. with anticancer and antiviral activity .

HY-N15267

Ovalitenone	Natural Products Millettia peguensis Ali Leguminosae Plants Source Classification	FAK Akt mTOR
Ovalitenone is a flavonoid compound that can be isolated from the plant Millettia peguensis. It shows no cytotoxic effects on lung cancer H460 and A549 cells, but it significantly inhibits anchorage-independent growth, CSC-like phenotypes, colony formation, and the migration and invasion capabilities of cancer cells. Ovalitenone can significantly reduce the levels of N-cadherin, snail, and slug, while increasing E-cadherin, thus inhibiting the EMT pathway. Additionally, Ovalitenone suppresses the signaling pathways regulated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK), ATP-dependent tyrosine kinase (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) .

HY-N14325

Madindoline B	Natural Products Microorganisms Source Classification	Interleukin Related
Madindoline B is an IL-6 inhibitor. Madindoline B inhibits IL-6-dependent MH-60 cells and has no inhibitory effect on IL-6-independent MH-60 cells. In the presence of 0.1 U/mL IL-6, it inhibits IL-6-dependent MH-60 cells with an IC₅₀ of 30 μM. Madindoline B has no antimicrobial effect .

HY-113627

Undecylprodigiosin	Natural Products Microorganisms Source Classification	Antibiotic Bacterial Apoptosis
Undecylprodigiosin, a member of the family of prodiginines, is a potent antibiotic. Undecylprodigiosin can selectively induce apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cells independent of p53. Undecylprodigiosin shows immunosuppressive, anticancer properties and antimicrobial activities .

HY-120241

Reticulol K 251-1	Microorganisms Phenols Polyphenols Source Classification	Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
Reticulol (K 251-1) is an inhibitor of cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase. Reticulol shows antitumor activity independent with cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Reticulol inhibits cell growth of murine melanoma cells and human lung tumor cells. Reticulol protects its lung metastasis via the bloodstream by inhibiting the growth of B16F10 melanoma .

HY-N15735

Cimicifugic acid D 2-Caffeoylpiscidic acid	Ranunculaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. Source Classification	Calcium Channel
Cimicifugic acid D (2-Caffeoylpiscidic acid) is a benzyltartaric acid ester that induces vasodilation of precontracted rat aortic strips and endothelium-independent relaxation mechanism. Cimicifugic acid D inhibits extracellular Ca ²⁺ influx through receptor-operated Ca ²⁺ channels (ROC) in Norepinephrine (HY-13715)-induced contraction of rat aortic strips, without affecting voltage-dependent Ca ²⁺ channels (VDC) or K ⁺-induced contractions .

HY-N0539R

Calceolarioside B (Standard)	Structural Classification Simple Phenylpropanols Akebia quinata (Houttuyn) Decaisne Lardizabalaceae Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Source Classification	Aldose Reductase Reference Standards SARS-CoV Interleukin Related
Calceolarioside B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Calceolarioside B (HY-N0539). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Calceolarioside B is a phenylethanoid glycoside. Calceolarioside B can be isolated from the leaves of Akebia quinata. Calceolarioside B inhibits RLAR activity with an IC₅₀ value of 23.99 μM. Calceolarioside B inhibits the entry of Omicron BA.2 into host cells. Calceolarioside B reduces IL-6 levels. Calceolarioside B has immunomodulatory activity. Calceolarioside B has anticancer activity against human hormone-independent prostate cancer .

HY-W014701R

1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source Classification	Reference Standards Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Cytochrome P450 Apoptosis Interleukin Related
1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard for 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (HY-W014701). 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid is an orally active aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist and a bifidogenic growth stimulator. 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid can improve the motor dysfunction in parkinson's disease (PD) model through *AhR*-dependent and -independent pathways. 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the gut microbiota (such as promoting the proliferation of Bifidobacterium) and directly regulating the host immune system. 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid induces apoptosis through G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in human keratinocyte to inhibit psoriasis .

HY-B0765R

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium (Standard) DHEA sulfate sodium (Standard); Prasterone sulfate sodium (Standard)	Structural Classification Endogenous metabolite Steroids Source Classification	Reference Standards GABA Receptor Sigma Receptor iGluR PPAR NF-κB
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) sodium salt (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (HY-B0765). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality .

HY-N0559R

Kirenol (Standard)	Structural Classification Terpenoids Bituminaria morisiana (Pignatti & Metlesics) Greuter Diterpenoids Plants Compositae Source Classification	Reference Standards Casein Kinase Apoptosis AMPK Akt NF-κB TGF-beta/Smad
Kirenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kirenol (HY-N0559). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a K_d value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis.

HY-N13886

Anicequol	Triterpenes Microorganisms Terpenoids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Anicequol, a microbial secondary metabolites, is an anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells inhibitor. Anicequol inhibits the anchorage-independent growth of human colon cancer DLD-1 cells with the IC₅₀ of 1.2 μM .

HY-162397

Neopetromin	Monophenols Microorganisms Phenols Source Classification	Others
Neopetromin is a tripeptide with a rare heteroaromatic C-N cross-link between side chains of tryptophan and tyrosine. Neopetromin causes vacuole fragmentation in an actin-independent manner .

HY-N18312

Crepidatin	Structural Classification Monophenols Orchidaceae Phenols Plants Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. et Lindl. :Lindl. Source Classification	Apoptosis
Crepidatin is a bibenzyl compound that can be isolated from the stems of Dendrobium loddigesii. Crepidatin promotes anoikis of lung cancer cells. Crepidatin inhibits the anchorage-independent growth of human lung cancer cells. Crepidatin can be used in lung cancer-related research .

HY-N19719

Bispyrayafoline	Structural Classification Alkaloids Rutaceae Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng Carbazole Alkaloids Plants Source Classification	Drug Derivative
Bispyrayafoline is a pyrrolidone and antioxidant with an IC₅₀ value of 13.85 μM against DPPH. Bispyrayafoline can be found in the leaves of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. Bispyrayafoline's antioxidant activity is concentration-dependent but time-independent. Bispyrayafoline can be utilized in studies concerning oxidative damage .

HY-114554

KS 619-1	Structural Classification Microorganisms Xanthones Phenols Source Classification	Phosphodiesterase (PDE) PKC Bacterial
KS 619-1 is a Ca ²⁺/calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor. KS 619-1 exhibits strong inhibitory activity against this enzyme derived from bovine brain and heart, but shows weak inhibitory effects on calmodulin-independent phosphodiesterase and protein kinase C. KS 619-1 displays weak antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus .

HY-N18192

Kuwanon L	Structural Classification Flavonoids Flavonones Morus alba L. Plants Moraceae Source Classification	HIV HIV Integrase
Kuwanon L is an HIV-1 integrase (HIV-1 integrase) inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values of 42 μM and 34 μM for LEDGF-dependent and LEDGF-independent integrase, respectively. Kuwanon L blocks the interaction between HIV-1 integrase and LEDGF/p75, with an IC₅₀ of 22 μM. Kuwanon L inhibits HIV-1 replication in immune cells. Kuwanon L is applicable to research related to HIV-1 infection .

HY-178898

7-Oxogedunin	Structural Classification Natural Products Swietenia humilis Zucc. Plants Meliaceae Source Classification	NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Caspase Insecticide Ser/Thr Protease Pyroptosis
7-Oxogedunin (Compound 7DG; Compound 16) is a small molecule that protects macrophages from cell pyroptosis induced by anthrax lethal toxin (LT). Its target is protein kinase R (PKR). 7-Oxogedunin can widely inhibit the assembly of various inflammasomes (NLRP1 and NLRP3) and the activation of caspase-1 by inhibiting the kinase-independent function of PKR. 7-Oxogedunin has growth inhibitory activity on European corn borer larvae. 7-Oxogedunin can be used for LT toxicity inhibition and pest control research .

HY-W099725

Sarmentine	Piper longum Linn. Structural Classification Alkaloids Pyrrole Alkaloids Piperaceae Plants Source Classification	Herbicide Photosystem II
Sarmentine is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and PSII inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 3.0 μM and a K_i of 1.5 μM against spinach, an IC₅₀ of 1.72 μM against wild-type Amaranthus retroflexus, and an IC₅₀ of 0.97 μM against triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus. Sarmentine competitively binds to the Q_B binding site of plastoquinone on PSII, thereby blocking photosynthetic electron transport. Sarmentine inhibits enoyl-ACP reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting the early fatty acid synthesis process, with an IC₅₀ of 18.3 μM. Sarmentine induces light-independent loss of plasma membrane integrity and electrolyte leakage. Sarmentine also exhibits antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial, antituberculous, and antiplatelet aggregation activities .

HY-N17816

Tambulin	Structural Classification Flavonoids Flavones Rutaceae Plants Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Source Classification	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) α-synuclein Succinate Dehydrogenase Bcl-2 Family Caspase
Tambulin is an orally active flavonol compound found in Zanthoxylum armatum. Tambulin can inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and inhibit ROS production. Tambulin upregulates cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax, downregulates Bcl-2 levels. Tambulin can stimulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and induce endothelium-independent vasorelaxation. Tambulin binds to succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (Ki = 11.02 μM) and shows significant ferric reducing power. Tambulin can enhances oxidative stress resistance, reduces, lipofuscin deposits, lipid levels, α-synuclein levels, improves locomotary behavior, and dopamine levels in in age-synchronized L1 hermaphrodite Caenorhabditis elegans models of ageing and Parkinson's disease. Tambulin can be used for the researches of Parkinson's disease, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and diabetes .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0167S

Salicylic acid-d6 1 Publications Verification
Salicylic acid-d₆ is a deuterium labeled Salicylic acid (HY-B0167). Salicylic acid inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation .

HY-111614S2

Melengestrol acetate-d3

Melengestrol acetate-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Melengestrol acetate. Melengestrol acetate is a progesterone derivative, acts as an orally active corticosteroid hormone to promote endometrial proliferation, pregnancy maintenance, and delay of menstrual activity . Melengestrol Acetate is used as a contraceptive agent for growth promoting effects and suppression of estrus in animals. Melengestrol acetate inhibits both the androgen-dependent and -independent prostatic tumors in vivo and can be used for cancer research .

HY-13749AS

Sitagliptin-d4 phosphate

Sitagliptin-d₄ phosphate (MK-0431-d₄) is the deuterium labeled Sitagliptin phosphate (HY-13749A). Sitagliptin phosphate is an orally active and highly selective DPP4 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 19 nM. Sitagliptin phosphate blocks the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) by competing inhibition mechanism (Kᵢ = 1 nM), thereby increasing the level of active incretin. Sitagliptin phosphate can also directly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells by activating the cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways, and this effect is independent of DPP-4. Sitagliptin phosphate shows protective effects on pancreatic islet grafts in 1-type diabetes models. Sitagliptin phosphate can be used for the study of 1-type and 2-type diabetes.

HY-141921S

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium-d6

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt-d₆ (DHEA sulfate sodium salt-d₆; Prasterone sulfate sodium salt-d₆) is the deuterium labeled Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (HY-B0765). Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) sodium salt is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality .

HY-117433S

4-Hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide-d4

4-Hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide. 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide is the active metabolite form of the proagent Cyclophosphamide. 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide crosslinks DNA and induces T cell apoptosis independent of death receptor activation, but activates mitochondrial death pathways through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide has the potential for lymphomas and autoimmune disorders .

HY-13749S1

Sitagliptin-d4 hydrochloride

Sitagliptin-d₄ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Sitagliptin hydrochloride (HY-13749E). Sitagliptin hydrochloride is an orally active and highly selective DPP4 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 19 nM. Sitagliptin hydrochloride blocks the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) by competing inhibition mechanism (Kᵢ = 1 nM), thereby increasing the level of active incretin. Sitagliptin hydrochloride can also directly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells by activating the cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways, and this effect is independent of DPP-4. Sitagliptin hydrochloride shows protective effects on pancreatic islet grafts in 1-type diabetes models. Sitagliptin hydrochloride can be used for the study of 1-type and 2-type diabetes.

HY-113416AS

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate-d6 sodium dihydrate

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium dihydrate-d₆ sodium dihydrate is the deuterium labeled Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium dihydrate. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) sodium dihydrate is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium dihydrate has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium dihydrate can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium dihydrate participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium dihydrate may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality .

HY-138166S

Rosuvastatin lactone-d6

Rosuvastatin lactone-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Rosuvastatin lactone. Rosuvastatin lactone is a metabolite of Rosuvastatin (HY-17504A), a statin lipid-lowering agent and HMG-CoA inhibitor. Rosuvastatin lactone exhibits endothelium-independent and HMG-CoA reductase-independent vasorelaxant activity in rat aortic rings, and its vasorelaxant effect is jointly mediated by NO produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) located in vascular smooth muscle and activation of potassium channels. Rosuvastatin lactone itself has no lipid-lowering effect .

HY-111614S

Melengestrol acetate-d6

Melengestrol acetate-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Melengestrol acetate. Melengestrol acetate is a progesterone derivative, acts as an orally active corticosteroid hormone to promote endometrial proliferation, pregnancy maintenance, and delay of menstrual activity . Melengestrol Acetate is used as a contraceptive agent for growth promoting effects and suppression of estrus in animals. Melengestrol acetate inhibits both the androgen-dependent and -independent prostatic tumors in vivo and can be used for cancer research .

HY-111614S1

Melengestrol acetate-d2

Melengestrol acetate-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Melengestrol acetate. Melengestrol acetate is a progesterone derivative, acts as an orally active corticosteroid hormone to promote endometrial proliferation, pregnancy maintenance, and delay of menstrual activity . Melengestrol Acetate is used as a contraceptive agent for growth promoting effects and suppression of estrus in animals. Melengestrol acetate inhibits both the androgen-dependent and -independent prostatic tumors in vivo and can be used for cancer research .

HY-117068S

(R)-Bromoenol lactone-d7
(R)-Bromoenol lactone-d₇ ((R,E)-Bromoenol lactone-d₇) is deuterium labeled (R)-Bromoenol lactone. (R)-Bromoenol lactone ((R)-BEL) is an irreversible, chiral, mechanism-based inhibitor of *calcium-independent* phospholipase γ (iPLA2γ). (R)-BEL inhibits human recombinant iPLA2γ with an IC₅₀** of approximately 0.6 μM .

HY-50907S

ABT-737-d8

ABT 737-d₈ is the deuterium labeled ABT-737. ABT-737, a BH3 mimetic, is a potent Bcl-2, Bcl-x_L and Bcl-w inhibitor with EC₅₀s of 30.3 nM, 78.7 nM, and 197.8 nM, respectively. ABT-737 induces the disruption of the BCL-2/BAX complex and BAK-dependent but BIM-independent activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. ABT-737 induces autophagy and has the potential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) research .

HY-129146S

Doxapram-d5 hydrochloride

Doxapram-d₅ hydrochloride is deuterium labeled Doxapram hydrochloride. Doxapram hydrochloride is a respiratory stimulant. Doxapram hydrochloride increases breathing rate and depth by acting on the brain's respiratory centers and peripheral chemoreceptors. Doxapram hydrochloride inhibits TASK-1, TASK-3, TASK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channel function with EC₅₀s of 410 nM, 37 μM, 9 μM, respectively. Doxapram hydrochloride inhibits the Ca²⁺-activated potassium current (IC₅₀ ≈ 13 μM) and Ca²⁺-independent potassium current (IC₅₀ ≈ 20 μM) in type I cells of the carotid body. Doxapram hydrochloride significantly prolongs the effective refractory period of the atrium and has an anti-arrhythmic effect. Doxapram hydrochloride can be used for the study of respiratory depression such as post-anesthesia respiratory depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and apnea of prematurity.

HY-W778649

Sarmentine-d8

Sarmentine-d₈ is the deuterium labeled Sarmentine. Sarmentine is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and PSII inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 3.0 μM and a K_i of 1.5 μM against spinach, an IC₅₀ of 1.72 μM against wild-type Amaranthus retroflexus, and an IC₅₀ of 0.97 μM against triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus. Sarmentine competitively binds to the Q_B binding site of plastoquinone on PSII, thereby blocking photosynthetic electron transport. Sarmentine inhibits enoyl-ACP reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting the early fatty acid synthesis process, with an IC₅₀ of 18.3 μM. Sarmentine induces light-independent loss of plasma membrane integrity and electrolyte leakage. Sarmentine also exhibits antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial, antituberculous, and antiplatelet aggregation activities .

HY-B0551S

Doxapram-d8

Doxapram-d₈ is deuterated labeled Doxapram (HY-B0551). Doxapram is a respiratory stimulant. Doxapram increases breathing rate and depth by acting on the brain's respiratory centers and peripheral chemoreceptors. Doxapram inhibits TASK-1, TASK-3, TASK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channel function with EC₅₀s of 410 nM, 37 μM, 9 μM, respectively. Doxapram inhibits the Ca²⁺-activated potassium current (IC₅₀ ≈ 13 μM) and Ca²⁺-independent potassium current (IC₅₀ ≈ 20 μM) in type I cells of the carotid body. Doxapram significantly prolongs the effective refractory period of the atrium and has an anti-arrhythmic effect. Doxapram can be used for the study of respiratory depression such as post-anesthesia respiratory depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and apnea of prematurity.

HY-13749S2

Sitagliptin-d4

Sitagliptin-d₄ (MK-0431-d₄) is deuterium labeled Sitagliptin (HY-13749). Sitagliptin is an orally active and highly selective DPP4 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 19 nM. Sitagliptin blocks the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) by competing inhibition mechanism (Kᵢ = 1 nM), thereby increasing the level of active incretin. Sitagliptin can also directly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells by activating the cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways, and this effect is independent of DPP-4. Sitagliptin shows protective effects on pancreatic islet grafts in 1-type diabetes models. Sitagliptin can be used for the study of 1-type and 2-type diabetes.

HY-13749S3

Sitagliptin-d6

Sitagliptin-d₆ (MK-0431-d₆) is deuterium labeled Sitagliptin (HY-13749). Sitagliptin is an orally active and highly selective DPP4 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 19 nM. Sitagliptin blocks the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) by competing inhibition mechanism (Kᵢ = 1 nM), thereby increasing the level of active incretin. Sitagliptin can also directly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells by activating the cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways, and this effect is independent of DPP-4. Sitagliptin shows protective effects on pancreatic islet grafts in 1-type diabetes models. Sitagliptin can be used for the study of 1-type and 2-type diabetes.

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