HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (902)
Related Products (902)
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Bavtavirine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-156599CAS No.: 1956373-71-9Bavtavirine is a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Bavtavirine is part of highly active antitiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment regimen. Bavtavirine can be used for HIV disease research.
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Tremuloidin
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W718146CAS No.: 529-66-8Tremuloidin (Compound 2) is a salicylic acid derivative derived from Homalium cochinchinensis. Tremuloidin has a weak activity against HIV-1.
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AMD 3465 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15971ARCAS No.: 185991-24-6Synonyms: GENZ-644494 (Standard)AMD 3465 (Standard) is the analytical standard of AMD 3465. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. AMD 3465 (GENZ-644494) is a potent antagonist of CXCR4, inhibits binding of 12G5 mAb and CXCL12AF647 to CXCR4, with IC50s of 0.75 nM and 18 nM in SupT1 cells; AMD 3465 also potently inhibits the replication of X4 HIV strains (IC50: 1-10 nM), but has no effect on CCR5-using (R5) viruses.
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Imperatorin-d6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N0285SSynonyms: Ammidin-d6Imperatorin-d6 (Ammidin-d6) is the deuterium labeled Imperatorin. Imperatorin is a BChE inhibitor and HIV-1 replication inhibitor. Imperatorin shows mild activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
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DENV-IN-7
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-152081CAS No.: 2499537-22-1DENV-IN-7, a flavone analog, is a dengue virus (DENV) inhibitor with an EC50 value of 70 nM. DENV-IN-7 has low toxicity against normal cell and anti-dengue activity.
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9-Aminoacridine-13C6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1422SSynonyms: Aminacrine-13C69-Aminoacridine-13C6 is the 13C-labeled 9-Aminoacridine(HY-B1422). 9-Aminoacridine, a fluorescent probe, acts as an indicator of pH for quantitative determination of transmembrane pH gradients (inside acidic). 9-Aminoacridine is an antimicrobial. 9-Aminoacridine exerts its antimicrobial activity by interacting with specific bacterial DNA and disrupting the proton motive force in K. pneumoniae. 9-Aminoacridine is a HIV-1 inhibitor and inhibits HIV LTR transcription highly dependent on the presence and location of the amino moiety. 9-Aminoacridine inhibits virus replication in HIV-1 infected cell lines. 9-Aminoacridine is used as a Rifampin (RIF; HY-B0272) adjuvant for the multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae infections.
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U-104489
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-117556CAS No.: 177577-60-5
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HIV-1 inhibitor-56
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-149991CAS No.: 2952530-45-7
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Raltegravir-13C,d3 potassium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-10353AS1Synonyms: MK-0518-13C,d3 potassiumRaltegravir-13C,d3 potassium is 13C labeled Raltegravir potassium (HY-10353A). Raltegravir (MK 0518) potassium is a potent integrase (IN) inhibitor, used to treat HIV infection.
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Lopinavir (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: ABT-378 (Standard)Lopinavir (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lopinavir. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lopinavir (ABT-378) is a highly potent, selective peptidomimetic inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease, with Kis of 1.3 to 3.6 pM for wild-type and mutant HIV protease. Lopinavir acts by arresting maturation of HIV-1 thereby blocking its infectivity. Lopinavir is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.2 μM.
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ZINC04177596
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-119210CAS No.: 364052-84-6
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Retrocyclin-101
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P5642CAS No.: 536757-16-1Synonyms: RC-101Retrocyclin-101 (RC-101) is a synthetic cyclic θ-defensin, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide with anti-pathogen (covering viruses, bacteria and fungi) activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Retrocyclin-101 exhibits significant inhibitory activity against HIV, SARS-CoV-2, flaviviruses, influenza viruses, HSV-1/2, Staphylococcus aureus and others. Retrocyclin-101 inhibits TLR4 and TLR2-mediated signal transduction and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.
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2′,3′-Dideoxy-5-ethyluridine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116240CAS No.: 108895-49-4Synonyms: ddEtUrd2′,3′-Dideoxy-5-ethyluridine (ddEtUrd) is an antiretroviral compound with weak anti-HIV activity. The 3'-substituted derivatives of 2′,3′-Dideoxy-5-ethyluridine did not show significant antiviral effects. 2′,3′-Dideoxy-5-ethyluridine was less potent in inhibiting HIV replication in human MT4 lymphocytes. Although phosphorylation induced by 2′,3′-Dideoxy-5-ethyluridine is essential for antiviral activity, there is no strong correlation between its affinity for human dThd kinase or dCyd kinase.
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Panobinostat-d4
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-10224SCAS No.: 1185237-51-7Synonyms: LBH589-d4; NVP-LBH589-d4Panobinostat-d4 is the deuterium labeled Panobinostat. Panobinostat (LBH589; NVP-LBH589) is a potent and orally active non-selective HDAC inhibitor, and has antineoplastic activities[1][2]. Panobinostat induces HIV-1 virus production even at low concentration range 8-31 nM, stimulates HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells[4]. Panobinostat induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Panobinostat can be used for the study of refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma[3].
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ATTO 647 NHS ester
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-D1993ATTO 647 NHS ester is a fluorescent label targeting free amino groups. ATTO 647 NHS ester can undergo a nucleophilic reaction with the free amino groups of EF-C peptide via its activated carboxylic acid group to form a stable covalent conjugate. ATTO 647 NHS ester-labeled nanofibers not only retain retroviral transduction-enhancing activity but also maintain stable fluorescent signals in both buffer and cell culture systems. ATTO 647 NHS ester is suitable for detection applications including fluorescence spectroscopy, microscopy and flow cytometry. ATTO 647 NHS ester has been used in studies related to HIV-1 infection.
